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Methodology Article: Can Ruminal Reducing Power Assessed in Batch Cultures be Comparable to <i>in Vivo</i>Measurements?

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2014年第3期4卷 80-86页

作者： Christine Julien Jean-Philippe Marden Annabelle Troegeler-Meynadier corine Bayourthe INRA UMR1388 Genetic Physiology and Breeding System Castanet-Tolosan France Lesaffre Feed Additives 282 Avenue de la Marne Marcq-en-Baroeul France

In ruminant field of digestive research, the appeal to methods of less invasive studies and reproducing the in vivo conditions is essential. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the conditions created with the proposed in vitro batch culture was an accurate reproduction of the physico-chemical and fermentative ruminal conditions observed in vivo. Two experiments were conducted to compare ruminal reducing power measured in vitro, i.e. in batch cultures or, in vivo i.e. in live animals: dairy cows at maintenance (Experiment 1) and lactating dairy cows (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, at the beginning of incubation period, in vitro redox potential (Eh), pH and Clark’s exponent (rH) values were significantly higher than in vivo (+42 mV, +0.25 and +1.9, respectively) whereas volatile fatty acids (VFA) contents were 2.6 fold lower on average. At the end of incubation, Eh, rH values and VFA contents were similar between both methods whereas pH still remained different. In Experiment 2, at the beginning and at the end of incubation period, in vitro Eh, pH and rH values differed significantly than in vivo. As a result, the in vitro method did not provide a tool to evaluate accurately the level of the reducing status of ruminal milieu compared with in vivo measurement. Nonetheless, it provided strong reducing conditions after 8 h of incubation with levels of rH relatively closed to those observed in vivo. In vitro batch culture could be a good alternative to in vivo trials for a screening approach from an ethic and economic point of view in ruminant field of research.

关键词： Batch Cultures Clark’s Exponent Redox Potential

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Diabetes in Borgou Department in Benin: Prevalence and Associated Factors

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2015年第2期5卷 90-96页

作者： Francois Djrolo Thierry Adoukonou corine Houehanou Josel DHouinato Dismand Houinato Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Metabolic Diseases UnitCotonouBenin Faculty of Medicine University of ParakouParakouBenin National Program against Non-Communicable Diseases Ministry of HealthCotonouBenin

An epidemic trend is observed in the evolution the epidemiology of diabetes mellitus worldwide. In a nationwide survey conducted in 2008, prevalence of diabetes was estimated to 2.6% in the hole Beninese population and to 4.6% in Borgou department representing the highest in the country. Aim: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the adult population and investigate associated factors in Borgou department. Method: A survey was conducted from September 30th to November 20th 2011. In a random sampling using the STEP wise approach of surveillance of chronic diseases recommended by the World Health Organization, 4597 subjects over 18 years old (1935 men and 2662 women) were selected. After informed consent, every subject was submitted to the STEP questionnaire and anthropometric measures. Capillary blood was drawn in fast condition to determine glycaemia. Diabetes was defined by fasting glycaemia above 1.26 g/l. Chi square test was used for statistical analysis and difference was considered significant with p < 0.05. Results: Prevalence of diabetes was 12.4%. There was not a significant difference between men (8.5%) and women (9.4%), p = 0.33. Prevalence of previously known diabetes was 1.2% suggesting a large proportion of undiagnosed diabetes. Prevalence of diabetes increased significantly with age (p < 0.0001). There was no association with instruction level (p = 0.21). Other factors significantly associated with diabetes were place of residency (p < 0.0001), ethnicity (p = 0.002), marital status (p < 0.0001), obesity (p = 0.017) and high blood pressure (p < 0.0004). Conclusion: There is a rapid increase in diabetes prevalence in Borgou department in Benin confirming the epidemic trend of the disease. A large proportion of these diabetic subjects remained undiagnosed, so untreated and then, exposed to precocious chronic complications and precocious mortality. These results strongly support need for active intervention program with objectives of primary,

关键词： Diabetes Impaired Fasting Glycaemia Prevalence Associated Factors

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Antiamylase Potential of Telfairia occidentalis Leaves from Cameroon and Effect of Their Dietary Supplementation on Fasting Blood Glucose in Wistar Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2015年第9期3卷 61-66页

作者： Palla Nyamen corine Leslie Etoundi Omgba Cunégonde Blanche Gouado Gouado Inocent Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The study of edible plants, especially in developing countries, might provide more affordable means for the management of diabetes. Telfairia occidentalis is one of the plants whose leaves are commonly consumed in Cameroon. This work hereby studied the antiamylasic potential of its aqueous leaves extract and the effect of its dietary supplementation on fasting blood glucose in Wistar rats. An aqueous extract (1:6) was prepared from shed-dried T. occidentalis leaves by maceration. Its antiamylase activity was evaluated in vitro and a phytochemical screening was realized. Its acute toxicity and its effect on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were evaluated in rats. The effect of T. occidentalis leaves dietary supplementation (10%) on fasting blood glucose was studied for 28 days in rats fed with carbohydrate enriched diet, using Glibenclamide (0.3 mg/kg body weight) as reference hypoglycemic drug. Results showed that there was total inhibition of α-amylase activity in vitro by T. occidentalis aqueous leaves extract at 0.075 mg/ml. The presence of tannins, flavonoids and anthocyanins was revealed by the phytochemical screening. No sign of toxicity was observed in rats after an oral administration of the extract at 2000 mg/kg body weight. The extract significantly hindered a rise in blood glucose at 400 mg/kg body weight during an oral glucose tolerance test. Dietary supplementation with T. occidentalis leaves caused a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in fasting blood glucose as compared to the positive control. Telfairia occidentalis leaves and their aqueous extract could be used in the management of hyperglycemia and diabetes.

关键词： Antiamylase Potential of Telfairia occidentalis Leaves from Cameroon and Effect of Their Dietary Supplementation on Fasting Blood Glucose in Wistar Rats

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Quantitative Analysis of the Relationship between Ruminal Redox Potential and pH in Dairy Cattle: Influence of Dietary Characteristics

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第7期8卷 616-630页

作者： Yayu Huang Jean Philippe Marden Chaouki Benchaar Christine Julien Eric Auclair corine Bayourthe Physiologie et Systèmes d’ Elevage UMR1388 Génétique Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT Castanet-Tolosan France Physiologie et Systèmes d’ Elevage UMR1388 Génétique INRA Castanet-Tolosan France Phileo Lesaffre Animal Care Marcq-en-Baroeul France Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre Sherbrooke Canada

The ruminal redox potential (Eh) can reflect the microbiological activity and dynamics of fermentation in the rumen. It might be an important indicator of rumen fermentation in combination with pH. However, the ruminal Eh has been rarely studied in dairy cows due to the difficulty of its measurement, and the relationship between ruminal Eh and pH is not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between ruminal Eh and pH of dairy cows by meta-analysis of systematic measurements from different experiments. A database was constructed from 22 experiments on cannulated dairy cattle including 57 dietary treatments. The ruminal pH and Eh were measured without air contact between 0 and 8 h post-feeding. The results demonstrated a quadratic correlation between ruminal Eh and pH with a reliable within-animal variation (Eh = -1697 + 540.7 pH -47.7 pH2, nobservation = 70, nanimal = 26, P Eh, but not always to the same extent. Some of them still influenced the relationship between ruminal Eh and pH. While the mechanism of the interaction between ruminal Eh and pH remains to be elucidated, it would be interesting to associate Eh to microbial profile, ruminal VFA concentration and milk production performance in future studies.

关键词： Redox Potential pH Rumen Diet Dairy Cow

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Interaction between Live Yeast and Dietary Rumen Degradable Protein Level: Effects on Diet Utilization in Early-Lactating Dairy Cows

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 1-13页

作者： Christine Julien Jean Philippe Marden Eric Auclair Raymond Moncoulon Laurent Cauquil Jean Louis Peyraud corine Bayourthe Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT UMR1388 Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage Castanet-Tolosan France INRA UMR1388 Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage Castanet-Tolosan France Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT UMR1388 Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage Toulouse France Lesaffre Feed Additives Marcq-en-Baroeul France INRA UMR1348 PEGASE F-35590 Saint-Gilles France

Four early lactating Holstein cows were used to study the effect of live yeast (LY, Actisaf®CNCM I-4407, Lesaffre Feed Additives, Marcq en Baroeul, France) supplementation on diet digestive utilization of dairy cows receiving concentrated corn silage-based diets with two rumen-degradable protein (RDP) levels. For a 33 d period, cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) containing an adequate level (AL) of RDP or a low level (LL, 30% below AL) by using soybean meal or tanned soybean meal, respectively: for 21 d with no LY addition followed by 12 d during which LY was added to the diet. The pH and redox potential (Eh) were recorded and ruminal fluid samples were collected over 3 consecutive days. Feces were collected individually over 48 h and individual dry matter intake (DMI) was measured for determining apparent nutrient digestibility. The effective degradability of individual feed ingredients composing both diets was evaluated with nylon bags technique. Structure of the ruminal bacterial community was studied and diversity index was calculated. Digestibility of organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) were lower for LL than those for AL. With LY, digestibility of OM and CP was increased: +2.4 and +0.8 points, for AL, and +3.7 and +5.9 points for LL, respectively. Live yeast reduced dietary N ruminal degradation with both AL and LL. Ruminal pH and Eh were lower with AL compared to LL: 5.95 and –167 mV vs. 6.13 and –144 mV. Live yeast increased ruminal total volatile fatty acids (VFA) (+8.6%), C2 (+10%), and C4 (+35%) contents for LL and decreased that of C3 (?9.8%) for AL. Neither the structure of bacterial populations of the rumen nor the diversity index (Shannon) was altered by treatments. Those results suggested a specific interest in using LY in RDP deficient diets for early lactating cows.

关键词： Dairy Cow Live Yeast Nitrogen Digestion Ruminally Degradable Protein

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Public Secondary School Teachers in Parakou, Benin, in 2021

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 238-248页

作者： Yessito corine Nadège Houehanou Luc Béhanzin Virginie Mongbo Carelle Akiyo Maurice Agonnoudé Thierry Adoukonou David Houéto National Training School for Senior Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin Regional Institute of Public Health Comlan Albert Quenum University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin

Introduction: Overweight and obesity represent a public health problem in Africa due to the epidemiological transition. The objectives of this work were to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to identify associated factors among public secondary school teachers in Parakou, Benin in 2021. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Teachers working in public secondary schools in Parakou during the 2020-2021 academic year, present at work and who gave their written informed consent, were included. A two-stage random sampling was carried out. Data were collected during an individual interview using a questionnaire followed by the measurement of anthropometric parameters and blood pressure. Overweight and obesity were defined by a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify associated factors. Results: A sample of 325 teachers, including 88.6% of men, was recruited with an average age of 36.2 ± 6.8 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 43.7% (95% CI [38.1%-44.8%]). It increased significantly with income (p Conclusion: The results show a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Actions are necessary to prevent overweight and obesity among secondary school teachers in Parakou, in Benin.

关键词： Prevalence Obesity Teachers Benin

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Helical tomotherapy and systemic targeted therapies in solitary plasmacytoma: Pilot study

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World Journal of Radiology 2013年第6期5卷 248-252页

作者： Nadia Wiazzane Cyrus Chargari corine Plancher Jerome Tamburini Bernard Asselain Alain Fourquet Didier Bouscary Youlia M Kirova Department of Radiation Oncology Institut Curie75005 Paris France Department of Biostatistics Institut Curie75005 Paris France Department of Haematology Cochin Hospital75014 Paris France

AIM: To assess the feasibility of the combination of helical tomotherapy(HT) and a concurrent systemic targeted therapy in patients with solitary plasmacytoma (SP) with the aim to decrease toxicity while improving therapeutic efficacy. METHODS: Six patients with biologically, histologically, and radiologically confirmed SP were treated using HT and a systemic targeted treatment concomitantly. Total dose was 40 Gy/20 fractions. Four patients received 4 cycles of concurrent lenalidomide-dexamethasone combination and two patients were treated with concomitant bortezomib-dexamethasone. All toxicities were described using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Effects ***: Five patients had a bone tumor and one patient had an isolated pancreatic mass. Five patients presented with pain, one had neurologic symptoms related to medullary compression, which was treated by an emergency surgery. Median age was 59.5 years (range, 50-74 years). All patients had initial positron emission tomography-computed tomographys, three patients had total body bone magnetic resonance imaging examination, and three patients had computed tomodensitometry scans. The toxicity profile was excellent with no higher than grade 1 toxicity. Four of the six patients experienced a partial radiological response, four had complete response on positions emission tomography and 5/6 patients experienced a complete relief of their symptoms 4 mo after treatment. At a median follow-up of 18 mo, 5/6 patients were controlled clinically, radiologically, and biologically. CONCLUSION: Using HT, we could deliver a highly conformal irradiation concurrently with a molecularly targeted therapy. This association yielded in a high response rate and a low toxicity. A prospective study with longer follow-up will help determining the true benefit of such strategy.

关键词： Plasmacytoma Radiation therapy Targeted treatment Tolerance Lenalidomide Bortezomib

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Practice of Barrier Measures against COVID-19 Among Diabetic People Followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, Benin, in 2021

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 249-259页

作者： Yèssito corine Nadège Houehanou Armand Wanvoègbe Akouodé Thomas Hounto Luc Béhanzin Maurice Agonnoudé David Houéto Thierry Adoukonou National School of Public Health (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Internal Medicine University Departmental Hospital Ou&#233me-Plateau Porto-Novo Benin

Introduction: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-COV2 appeared in China in 2019. The aim of the study was to evaluate the practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 and to identify associated factors among diabetics followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, Benin, in 2021. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from June to August 2021, including diabetics aged 18 and over, hospitalized or received for medical visits in the department of medicine at the target hospital. Data were collected during an interview with each participant thanks to a questionnaire. “Good practice” was defined as regular practice of at least two of three barrier measures: hand washing, physical distancing and mask-wearing. Results: A total of 110 diabetics were included with a female predominance (55.5%) and a mean age of 57 ± 11.3 years. Among them, 89.1% washed their hands, 41.8% respected physical distancing and 12.7% wore a mask. The proportion of good practice was 47.3%. Only 5 practiced the three barrier measures. Only age group was associated with good practice. Conclusion: The study showed a low proportion of good practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 among diabetic people surveyed. It is important to continue the action for COVID-19 prevention among diabetic people in the targeted hospital and in other hospitals in Benin.

关键词： COVID-19 Barrier Measures Practice Diabetic People Benin

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Epidemiology of Lower Extremity Artery Disease in People Living with HIV Followed at the Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau in 2019

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第4期13卷 401-411页

作者： Yèssito corine Nadège Houehanou Armand Wanvoègbe Luc Béhanzin Djidjoho Arnaud Sonou Ursule Kanhonou Maurice Agonnoudé David Houéto Thierry Adoukonou National School of Public Health (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Internal Medicine University Departmental Hospital Ouéme-Plateau Porto-Novo Benin University Clinic of Cardiology University National Hospital CNHU-HKM Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) is a serious cardiovascular disease. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at risk. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of LEAD and identify the associated factors among people living with HIV who were followed at the departmental university hospital Ouémé-Plateau in Benin. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. It included all HIV-infected people who were monitored at the department of medicine of the target hospital during the study period and met the inclusion criteria (followed for at least three months, aged at least 25 years, and having given their written consent to participate). Data were collected during an individual interview, followed by the measurement of parameters. The ankle brachial index ≤ 0.9 was used for the diagnosis of LEAD. Associated factors were searched through a multivariable logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of LEAD was 34.2% among 222 respondents having a mean age was 42.9 ± 10.8 years and a female predominance (77.5%). No significant association was found between the presence of LEAD and sociodemographic factors. The presence of LEAD was significantly associated with hypertension and antiretroviral therapy. Hypertensive patients had a higher risk of LEAD compared to non-hypertensive patients (OR = 1.98, 95% CI [1.04-3.83], p = 0.037). Those who were receiving second-line therapy also had a higher risk of LEAD compared to those on first-line therapy (OR = 2.95, 95% CI [1.14-7.60], p = 0.025). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of LEAD especially among hypertensive patients and those who were receiving second-line antiretroviral therapy. LEAD diagnosis and management should be included in the routine care of people living with HIV in Benin.

关键词： Lower Extremity Arterial Disease People Living with HIV Benin

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Prevalence of Hypertension during Pregnancy in Benin: Results from STEPS Survey in 2015

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第3期11卷 284-292页

作者： Yessito corine Nadège Houehanou Salimanou Ariyoh Amidou Djidjoho Joël Arnaud Sonou Maurice Agonnoudé Gwladys Nadia Gbaguidi Maria-Conchéta Tchibozo Dismand Houinato National Training School for Senior Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin National Program for the Control of Noncommunicable Diseases Cotonou Benin University Cardiology Clinic CNHU-HKM Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Chronic and Neurological Disease Epidemiology (LEMACEN) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Hypertension disorders of pregnancy are one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal deaths. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among pregnant women having participated in the STEPS survey in Benin in 2015. Methods: This was a database analysis. STEPS survey included consenting adults aged 18 to 69 years, living in Benin for at least 6 months prior to the survey. The participants were selected in households by a three-stage random sampling technique. The World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS instrument was used for data collection. After an individual interview with the participant at home, blood pressure was measured according to WHO recommendations. Pregnant women database was extracted for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression was done for associated factors identification. Results: A total of 2800 women (out of 5127 people) participated in the STEPS study of which 240 declared to be pregnant. The mean age was 28.9 ± 6.8 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 13.3%. Severe hypertension represented 2.9%. Hypertension during pregnancy was associated with primary school education level (compared to none, adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI [0.1 - 0.9], p = 0.042). No significant association was found with behavioral factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension during pregnancy is high in Benin. In-depth studies and targeted interventions for prevention should be implemented.

关键词： Hypertension Pregnancy Benin

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