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Climate bonds toward achieving net zero emissions and carbon neutrality:Evidence from machine learning technique

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2024年第1期9卷 1-15页

作者： Hermas Abudu Presley k.Wesseh Jr. Boqiang Lin College of Overseas Education Chengdu UniversityChengdu610106SichuanChina School of Management China Institute for Studies in Energy PolicyCollaborative Innovation Center for Energy Economics and Energy PolicyXiamen UniversityFujian361005China Center for African Development Strategy(CFADS) MonroviaLiberia

The Conference of the Parties(cop.6 and 27)placed significant emphasis on climate financing policies with the objective of achieving net zero emissions and carbon ***,studies on the implementation of this policy proposition are *** address this gap in the literature,this study employs machine learning techniques,specifically natural language processing(NLP),to examine 77 climate bond(CB)policies from 32 countries within the context of climate *** findings indicate that“sustainability”and“carbon emissions control”are the most outlined policy objectives in these CB ***,the study highlights that most CB funds are invested toward energy projects(i.e.,renewable,clean,and efficient initiatives).However,there has been a notable shift in the allocation of CB funds from climate-friendly energy projects to the construction sector between 2015 and *** shift raises concerns about the potential redirection of funds from climate-focused investments to the real estate industry,potentially leading to the greenwashing of climate ***,policy sentiment analysis revealed that a minority of policies hold sk.ptical views on climate change,which may negatively influence climate ***,the findings highlight that the effective implementation of CB policies depends on policy goals,objectives,and ***,this study contributes to the literature by employing NLP techniques to understand policy sentiments in climate financing.

关键词： Climate bonds funds utilization Climate bonds policy text mining Machine learning technique Net zero emissions Policy sentiment analysis

Complex variable approach in studying modified polarization saturation model in two-dimensional semipermeable piezoelectric media

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2017年第11期38卷 1517-1532页

作者： S. SINGH k. SHARMA R. R. BHARGAVA Department of Sciences and Humanities National Institute of Technology UttarakhandSrinagar(Garhwal)246174India Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India

A modified polarization saturation model is proposed and addressed math- ematically using a complex variable approach in two-dimensional （2D） semipermeable piezoelectric media. In this model, an existing polarization saturation （PS） model in 2D piezoelectric media is modified by considering a linearly varying saturated normal electric displacement load in place of a constant normal electric displacement load, applied on a saturated electric zone. A centre crack.d infinite 2D piezoelectric domain subject to an arbitrary poling direction and in-plane electromechanical loadings is considered for the analytical and numerical studies. Here, the problem is mathematically modeled as a non-homogeneous Riemann-Hilbert problem in terms of unk.own complex potential functions representing electric displacement and stress components. Having solved the Hilbert problem, the solutions to the saturated zone length, the crack.opening displace- ment （COD）, the crack.opening potential （cop., and the local stress intensity factors （SIFs） are obtained in explicit forms. A numerical study is also presented for the proposed modified model, showing the effects of the saturation condition on the applied electrical loading, the saturation zone length, and the cop. The results of fracture parameters obtained from the proposed model are compared with the existing PS model subject to electrical loading, crack.face conditions, and polarization angles.

关键词： complex variable fracture parameter local stress intensity factor (SIF),piezoelectric polarization saturation (PS) model

Numerical Simulation and Performance Assessment of a Nanoparticle Enhanced Vapour Compression Refrigeration System

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2021年第11期9卷 33-49页

作者： Moradeyo k. Odunfa Oluwaseyi D. Oseni Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Cooling in industrial production and refrigeration of perishable and non- perishable products is common practice throughout the world. Research studies have been conducted both experimentally and numerically to simulate Vapor Compression Refrigeration System (VCRS) and its performance respectively, however, experimental procedure often seems to be expensive and time-consuming to carry out due to the function of many variables. This study was therefore designed to numerically simulate the performance assessment of a nanoparticle enhanced VCRS. A numerical model of a vapor compression refrigeration system was developed using standard refrigeration equations on each of the major components of the refrigeration system such as compressor, evaporator, condenser and expansion valve. The model was then simulated on a MATLAB platform with a CoolProp installed packages via Python under two different simulation cases. In the first case, the mass fractions were varied for CuO, TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles while their densities remained constant and a reversed condition was investigated for the second case. The results showed that both the refrigerating effect and the Coefficient Of Performance (cop. of the system increase as both the mass fraction and density of all the nanoparticles increases. It also shows that the compressor work.decreases as both the mass fraction and density of all the nanoparticles were increased. On comparing the computational and numerical analysis results, the study established no significant difference in terms of cop.and the use of nanoparticles were found to have improved the cop.of the system.

关键词： CoolProp Coefficient of Performance Vapour Compression Refrigera-tion Mass Fraction

Evanescent field absorption sensor for detection of cop.er （Ⅱ） in water using multimode optical fiber

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Optoelectronics Letters 2009年第3期5卷 224-226页

作者： U. S. Raik.r V. k. k.lk.rni A. S. Lalasangi I. I. Pattanashetti J.F. Ak.i Department of Physics Karnatak University Dharwad 580003 India

The evanescent field absorption sensor for the detection of trace amount of cop.er(II) in water is experimentally analyzed with the etched step index multimode plastic clad silica(PCS) *** designed sensor is sensitive... 详细信息

关键词：传感器检测痕量铜多模光纤吸收消逝场水二氧化硅实验分析

Comprehensive performance analysis and optimization of 1,3-dimethylimidazolylium dimethylphosphate-water binary mixture for a single effect absorption refrigeration system

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第3期16卷 521-535页

作者： Gorak.hnath Tak.lk.r Ahmad k.Sleiti Collage of Engineering Qatar UniversityDoha2713Qatar

The energy and exergy analyses of the absorption refrigeration system (ARS) using H2O-[mmim][DMP] mixture were investigated for a wide range of temperature. The equilibrium Dühring (P-T-XIL) and enthalpy (h-T-XIL) of mixture were assessed using the excess Gibbs free non-random two liquid (NRTL) model for a temperature range ??? of 20°C to 140°C and XIL from 0.1 to 0.9. The performance validation of the ARS cycle showed a better coefficient of performance (cop. of 0.834 for H2O-[mmim][DMP] in comparison to NH3-H2O, H2O-LiBr, H2O-[emim][DMP], and H2O-[emim][BF4]. Further, ARS performances with various operating temperatures of the absorber (Ta), condenser (Tc), generator (Tg), and evaporator (Te) were simulated and optimized for a maximum cop.and exergetic cop.(Ecop.. The effects of Tg from 50°C to 150°C and Ta and Tc from 30°C to 50°C on cop.and Ecop. the Xa, Xg, and circulation ratio (CR) of the ARS were evaluated and optimized for Te from 5°C to 15°C. The optimization revealed that Tg needed to achieve a maximum cop.which was more than that for a maximum Ecop. Therefore, this investigation provides criteria to select low grade heat source temperature. Most of the series flow of the cases of cooling water from the condenser to the absorber was found to be better than the absorber to the condenser.

关键词： ionic liquid driven absorption cycle H2O-[mmim][DMP] coefficient of performance(cop. exergy analysis thermodynamics mixture property

Determining Nutritive Value of Cereal Crop Residues and Lentil (<i>Lens esculanta</i>) Straw for Ruminants

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2017年第1期7卷 19-29页

作者： Eyob Haile Mathew Gicheha Francis k. Njonge Goitom Asgedom Department of Animal Sciences Hamelmalo Agricultural College Keren Eritrea Department of Animal Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

The chemical composition and in situ dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) degradability of seven different cereal crop residues were evaluated in this study. They included the Sorghum stovers (SS) and its threshed head residues (STH), millet stovers (MS) and its threshed head residues (MTH), corn stover (CS), wheat (WS) and barley (BS) straws. A legume crop residue (lentil, Lens esculanta, straw;LS) was included for comparison with the cereal crop residues. The CS was high (P crude protein (CP) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) and the lowest (P cop.residues evaluated. The BS and MS had the lowest effective degradability (ED) DM at 0.02 and 0.05 (P < 0.05) rates of passage, while the LS had the highest. The chemical composition and degradability of different crop residues found in Eritrea indicate the potential the residues have in supplementing grazing animals.

关键词： Cereal Crop Residues Chemical Composition Degradability Nutritive Value

Utilisation of Geothermal Heat Pumps within Permeable Pavements for Sustainable Energy and Water Practices

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2011年第2期5卷 122-128页

作者： k. Tota-Maharaj M. Scholz S.J. Coupe Institute for Infrastructure and Environment School of Engineering University of Edinburgh William Rankine Building TheKing＇s Buildings Edinburgh UK Hanson Formpave Tufihorn Avenue Coleford Gloucestershire UK

Geothermal heat pumps （GHPs） are an attractive proposition for renewable energy worldwide as it uses energy naturally stored in the earth. The Earth is a very resourceful form of energy, using the natural solar energy collection and heat storage capabilities as an infinite heat source/heat sink.at the base of permeable pavements, which can provide excellent temperature gradients for GHP＇s. Experimental rigs were setup up at The University of Edinbttrgh for a combined permeable pavement and GHP system. At the base of a pavement structure （approximately 1 meter） below the ground＇s surface, temperatures are constant of 10℃ in the U.k.all year round. The GHP performance efficiency was analysed by the coefficient of performance （cop. in a heating cycle and the energy efficiency ratio （EER） in a cooling cycle. The mean cop.and EER for both systems averaged between 2-4.5 and 3-5 respectively. The combined GHP and pavement structure operated at an optimum efficiency for both heating and cooling cycles and has shown to be unaffected by higher summer or lower winter temperatures. This hybrid system is an attractive renewable energy technology and has additional environmental benefits such as urban runoff reuse and recycling.

关键词： Earth energy systems permeable pavements pervious pavements sustainable urban drainage (SUDS) thermo-geologic efficiency.

Computer Simulation of an Ammonia-Water Absorption Cycle for Refrigeration: Using a Distillation Tower to Replace the Generator

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Energy and Power Engineering 2020年第6期12卷 237-256页

作者： You-Im Chang Lin-Chia Wu Cherng-Chiao Wu Larry k. Jang Department of Chemical Engineering Tunghai University Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering California State University Long Beach CA USA

By using a distillation tower as the regenerator, the coefficient of performance (cop. of the ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle is calculated in this work. Two types of distillation towers, namely an equil... 详细信息

By using a distillation tower as the regenerator, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle is calculated in this work. Two types of distillation towers, namely an equilibrium-stage tower with a total condenser and a packed-bed tower with a partial condenser, are used in the cycle. From the simulation results, it is found that both types of distillation towers can successfully increase the COP of the cycle due to increased ammonia concentration in the vapor phase of the ammonia-water refrigerant. It was also found that the tower equipped with a partial condenser provides higher COP than that of the tower equipped with a total condenser. The value of COP can be further increased when the generator is replaced by the packed-bed tower in this water-ammonia absorption cycle. The effects of the mass flow rate ratio of NH3/H2O, stage number, reflux ratio and energy duty of the tower on the COP of the cycle are also studied in the present paper.

关键词： Simulation Ammonia-Water Absorption Refrigeration

Magnetic Field Enhancement in Ammonia-Water Absorption Refrigeration Systems

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Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第4期6卷 54-68页

作者： Moradeyo k. Odunfa Richard O. Fagbenle Olanrewaju M. Oyewola Olayink. S. Ohunak.n Mechanical Engineering Department Covenant University Ota Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Absorption enhancement has been considered as an effective way of improving coefficient of performance (cop. of refrigeration systems and magnetic enhancement is one of these methods. A model of magnetic field enhancement in ammonia-water absorption systems is presented in this paper. A numerical model using finite difference scheme was developed based on the conservation equations and mass transport relationship. Macroscop.c magnetic field force was introduced in the momentum equation. The model was validated using data obtained from the literature. Changes in the physical properties of ammonia solution while absorbing both in the direction of falling film and across its thick.ess were investigated. The magnetic field was found to have some positive effect on the ammonia-water falling film absorption. The results indicate that absorption performance enhancement increased with magnetic intensity. The cop.of simple ammonia solution absorption refrigeration system increased by 1.9% and 3.6% for magnetic induction of 1.4 and 3.0 Tesla respectively.

关键词： Ammonia-Water Absorption Refrigeration Magnetic Field Force Ammonia Solution Concentration Coefficient of Performance Finite Difference Scheme Numerical Solution