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Evaluation of methods for Dissemination of Prostate Cancer Survivorship Guidelines: A Survey of Primary Care Providers

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Open Journal of Urology 2013年第3期3卷 165-172页

作者： Shawn J. mendonca manijeh Berenji conrad m. tobert Heather Stetler Deb Bisel Brian R. Lane Cancer Program Spectrum Health Hospital System Grand Rapids USA Department of Epidemiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Surgery Michigan State University College of Human Medicine Grand Rapids USA

Objectives: To assess potential knowledge gaps between primary care providers (PCPs) and cancer specialists, michigan Cancer Consortium guidelines were developed and disseminated statewide. We evaluated the impact of dissemination of these guidelines on PCP attitudes and beliefs regarding management of prostate cancer (PC) post-treatment sequelae. methods: Guidelines were disseminated via hard-copy and web-link mailed to 12,000 michigan PCPs in 2009, and via 5 CmE presentations to 181 PCPs in 2010-2011. 132 initial surveys were collected from CmE attendees and 549 follow-up surveys were received 20 months after the initial mailing. Results: Surveyed PCPs indicated erectile dysfunction (88%), incontinence (84%), anxiety (54%) and fear of the unknown (50%) as frequent post-treatment sequelae. A minority of PCPs (≤41%) felt “very comfortable” assessing PC patients for ten post-treatment sequelae at the initial survey, which increased by up to 27% on follow-up survey. 93% of PCPs that received guidelines by mail and CmE presentation had incorporated them into practice, compared with 72% of PCPs that received guidelines solely by mailing. Similarly, a greater proportion reported practice pattern changes (65% vs. 34%, p = 0.0003). A higher proportion felt CmE events (69% vs. 57%) and expert presentations (64% vs. 44%) were “very effective”, when comparing attendees and non-attendees. Conclusions: Guideline distribution resulted in increased comfort with survivorship issues and incorporation into the practices of the majority of PCPs surveyed. A greater impact was observed in PCPs that attended a CmE presentation than in those that received guidelines only by mailing.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Survivorship Survey Primary Care Physicians Guidelines

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Laparoendoscopic single site,laparoscopic or open surgery for adrenal tumors:Selecting the optimal approach

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2014年第2期3卷 54-65页

作者： Christopher B Riedinger conrad m tobert Brian R Lane michigan State University College of Human medicine Grand RapidsMI 49503United States Urology Division Spectrum Health Hospital SystemGrand RapidsMI 49503United States

Numerous surgical modalities are available to treat adrenal lesions. minimally-invasive approaches for adrenalectomy are indicated in most circumstances, and new evidence continues to be accumulated. In this context, current indications for open surgical adrenalectomy(OS-A), minimally-invasive adrenalectomy(mI-A), and laparoendoscopic single-site adrenalectomy(LESS-A) remain unclear. A comprehensive Englishlanguage literature review was performed using mEDLINE/Pub mED to identify articles and guidelines pertinent to the surgical management of adrenal tumors. A comprehensive chart review was performed for three illustrative cases. Clinical recommendations were generated based on relevant literature and the expertise of the investigator group. mI-A offers advantages over OS-A in properly selected patients, who experience fewer complications, lower blood loss, and shorter hospital stays. Robot-assisted laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy may offer advantages over transperitoneal surgery, and LESS-A may be an even less-invasive option that will require further evaluation. mI-A remains the surgical treatment of choice for most adrenal lesions. Tumor size and stage are the primary indications for selecting alternative treatment modalities. OS-A remains the gold standard for large tumors(> 10 cm) and suspected or known advanced stage malignancy. LESS-A appears to be an appropriate initial approach for small tumors(m), including pheochromocytoma and isolated adrenal metastases.

关键词： Adrenal masses Surgical approach Indications Open adrenalectomy Laparoscopic adrenalectomy Laparoendoscopic single-site adrenalectomy

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Astrocyte syncytium:a functional reticular system in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第4期14卷 595-596页

作者： conrad m.Kiyoshi min Zhou Department of Neuroscience Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

In contrary to the discrete neuronal circuits,astrocytes share their cytoplasm through gap junctional coupling into a *** distinctive difference in neuronal and astrocytic anatomy recalls the historical debate between Camillo Golgi and Ramon y Cajal on the wiring principle of the nervous system over a century ago(Cimino,1999).At that neuron-centric era,the Cajal advocated the cell theory that considered the nervous system to be made up of discrete individual *** on the other hand favored the reticular theory that viewed the nervous system as a singular continuing network ***,regardless of the difference in their viewpoints,both theories were intended to postulate an anatomical blueprint of neural circuitry,with no attention given to *** was until the 1950s,the distinct membrane borders between synapses were revealed by electron microscopy,which means that neurons are indeed discrete individual *** declared Ramon y Cajal’s cell theory the victor in the debate,while Golgi’s reticular theory was ***,the existence of a“low-resistance pathway”between neuroglia was soon identified in the optic nerve in the 1960s(Kuffler et al.,1966),which we now know to be gap junction coupling that connects the cytoplasm of astrocytes into a syncytial *** since,decades of studies clearly demonstrated that syncytial coupling into the network is a most prominent feature of astrocytes and these glial networks are intimately interwoven with the neuronal circuits running across the entire central nervous system(Giaume et al.,2010).Surprisingly,the question of whether a reticular system exists in parallel with the neuronal circuits has received a little research attention to this ***,the wiring pattern of astrocyte syncytium is reminiscent of the reticular theory postulated by *** this perspective,the“revived”use of“reticular theory”is solely dedicated to the brain reticular system established by ast

关键词： Astrocyte syncytium a functional reticular system brain

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The origin of herbivory on land： Initial patterns of plant tissue consumption by arthropods

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Insect Science 2007年第4期14卷 259-275页

作者： conrad LABANDEIRA DepartmentofPaleobiology NationalMuseumofNaturalHistorySmithsonianInstitutionWashingtonDCandDepartmentofEntomologyUniversityofMarylandCollegeParkMarylandUSA

The early fossil record of terrestrial arthropod herbivory consists of two pulses. The first pulse was concentrated during the latest Silurian to Early Devonian （417 to 403 ma）, and consists of the earliest evidence for consumption of sporangia and stems （and limited fungivore borings）. Herbivorization of most of these tissues was rapid, representing 0 to 20 million-year （m.y.） lags from the earliest occurrences of these organs in the fossil record to their initial consumption （Phase 1）. For approximately the next 75 m.y., there was a second, more histologically varied origination and expansion of roots, leaves, wood and seeds, whose earliest evidence for herbivorization occurred from the middle-Late mississippian boundary to the middle Pennsylvanian （327 to 309 ma）. The appearance of this second herbivory pulse during the later Paleozoic （Phase 2） is accompanied by major lags of 98 to 54 m.y. between times of appearance of each of the four organ and tissue types and their subsequent herbivory. Both pulses provide a context for three emerging questions. First is an explanation for the contrast between the near instantaneous consumption of plant tissues during Phase 1, versus the exceptionally long lags between the earliest occurrences of plant tissues and their subsequent herbivorization during Phase 2. Second is the identity of arthropod herbivores for both phases. Third is the cause behind the overwhelming targeting of seed-fern plant hosts during Phase 2. Regardless of the answers to these questions, the trace fossil record of plant-arthropod associations provides primary ecological data that remain unaddressed by the body-fossil record alone.

关键词： herbivory ecological lag Devonian Carboniferous arthropod plant-insectinteractions wood boring seed predation folivory fecal pellet response tissue sporangia,roots stems

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A cozy niche in an iron world

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 297-298页

作者： marcus conrad mariia Novikova Helmholtz Zentrum münchen Institute of Metabolism and Cell DeathIngolstädter Landstr.185764 NeuherbergGermany Pirogov Russian National Research medical University Laboratory of Experimental OncologyOstrovityanova 1Moscow 117997Russia Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnology Ostrovityanova1 bldg 10117997 MoscowRussia

In this study,Ubellacker et *** that unlike in blood vessels,the lymph is a more efficient route for tumor metastasis due to a more favorable redox environment,whereby disseminating cancer cells acquire additional pro... 详细信息

关键词： al metastasis saturated

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Incoherent excess noise spectrally encodes broadband light sources

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 358-366页

作者： Aaron m.Kho Tingwei Zhang Jun Zhu conrad W.merkle Vivek J.Srinivasan Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817USA

Across optics and photonics,excess intensity noise is often considered a ***,we show that excess noise in broadband supercontinuum and superluminescent diode light sources encodes each spectral channel with unique intensity fluctuations,which actually serve a useful ***,we report that excess noise correlations can both characterize the spectral resolution of spectrometers and enable cross-calibration of their wavelengths across a broad *** to previous methods that use broadband interferometry and narrow linewidth lasers to characterize and calibrate spectrometers,our approach is simple,comprehensive,and rapid enough to be deployed during spectrometer ***,we employ this approach to aid alignment and reduce the depth-dependent degradation of the sensitivity and axial resolution in a spectrometer-based optical coherence tomography(OCT)system,revealing a new outer retinal ***,we achieve a pixel-to-pixel correspondence between two otherwise disparate spectrometers,enabling a robust comparison of their respective ***,excess intensity noise has useful applications in optics and photonics.

关键词： noise spectral optics

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Ground control monitoring of retreat room–and–pillar mine in Central Appalachia

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 65-69页

作者： Erik C.Westman Ryan J.molka William J.conrad mining and minerals Engineering Department Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

In order to study pillar and overburden response to retreat mining, a ground control program was conducted at a Central Appalachian mine. The program consisted of several monitoring methods including a seismic monitoring system, borehole pressure cells in the pillars, and time-lapse photogrammetry of the pillar ribs. Two parallel geophone arrays were installed, one on each side of the panel with the sensors mounted 3 m into the roof. A total of fourteen geophones recorded more than 5000 events during the panel retreat. A mIDAS datalogger was used to record pressure from borehole pressure cells(BPCs)located in two adjacent pillars that were not mined during retreat. A series of photographs were taken of the pillars that had the BPCs as the face approached so that deformation of the entire rib could be monitored using photogrammetry. Results showed that pillar stability and cave development were as expected. The BPCs showed an increase in loading when the face was 115 m inby and a clear onset of the forward abutment at 30 m. The photogrammetry results displayed pillar deformation corresponding to the increased loading. The microseismic monitoring results showed the overburden caving inby the face, again as expected. The significance of these results lies in two points,(1) we can quantify the safe manner in which this mine is conducting retreating operations, and(2) we can use volumetric technologies(photogrammetry and microseismic) to monitor entire volumes of the mine in addition to the traditional point-location geotechnical measurements(BPCs).

关键词： Retreat mining Stress measurement microseismic monitoring Pillar stability

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Does the eclipse limit bacterial nucleoid complexity and cell width?

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第4期2卷 267-275页

作者： Arieh Zaritsky Avinoam Rabinovitch Chenli Liu conrad L.Woldringh Faculty of Natural Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the NegevPOB 653Be'er-Sheva84105Israel Center for Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology(SIAT)Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenPR China Bacterial Cell Biology SILSBoelelaan 1108AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Cell size of bacteria m is related to 3 temporal parameters:chromosome replication time C,period from replication-termination to subsequent division D,and doubling time ***-state,bacillary cells grow exponentially by extending length L only,but their constant width W is larger at shorter t‘s or longer C's,in proportion to the number of chromosome replication positions n(?C/t),at least in Escherichia coli and Salmonella *** C by thymine limitation of fast-growing thyA mutants result in continuous increase of m,associated with rising W,up to a limit before branching.A set of such puzzling observations is qualitatively consistent with the view that the actual cell mass(or volume)at the time of replication-initiation mi(or Vi),usually relatively constant in growth at varying t0s,rises with time under thymine limitation of fast-growing,thymine-requiring *** *** hypothesis will be tested that presumes existence of a minimal distance lmin between successive moving replisomes,translated into the time needed for a replisome to reach lmin before a newreplication-initiation at oriC is allowed,termed Eclipse *** analysis of currently available data is inconsistent with a constant E under all conditions,hence other explanations andways to test themare proposed in an attempt to elucidate these and other *** complex hypothesis takes into account much of what is currently known about Bacterial Physiology:the relationships between cell dimensions,growth and cycle parameters,particularly nucleoid structure,replication and position,and themode of peptidoglycan *** experiments arementioned that are necessary to test the discussed ideas and hypotheses.

关键词： Bacterial cell cycle Size and dimensions Growth Replication and division Nucleoid complexity Eclipse

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microseismic monitoring and analysis of induced seismicity source mechanisms in a retreating room and pillar coal mine in the Eastern United States

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Underground Space 2017年第2期2卷 115-124页

作者： morgen R.Leake William J.conrad Erik C.Westman Setareh Ghaychi Afrouz Ryan J.molka mining and minerals Engineering Department Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University445 Old Turner Street100 Holden HallBlacksburgVA 24060USA

A microseismic monitoring system was installed in an underground room and pillar coal mine in the Eastern United States to analyze the occurrence and characteristics of induced seismicity during the retreat of two panels in the *** study is the first microseismic monitoring effort at an underground coal mine in nearly 30 *** the retreat of the first panel,an array of eight uniaxial geophones,installed 10 *** the roof,recorded events and their *** second panel was monitored using an array of twelve uniaxial geophones and two triaxial geophones,also installed 10 *** the *** the results of these studies,it has been found that the magnitude of seismic events is minimally affected by immediate roof geology or depth of ***,it was observed in both studies that the rate at which seismic events occurred did vary with changing roof geology and depth of *** the seismic data from the second panel retreat,focal mechanism solutions were generated for 50 hand-picked events in order to determine if the failure was in compression,tension,or *** of the focal mechanism solutions show that stress relief resulting in dilational events occurs at significant depths,150-200 m in this case,beneath the active mining face.

关键词： Deep mining Induced seismicity Coal mining Rock mechanics Source mechanisms Subsidence

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Dissecting the Native Architecture and Dynamics of Cyanobacterial Photosynthetic machinery

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molecular Plant 2017年第11期10卷 1434-1448页

作者： Selene Casella Fang Huang David mason Guo-Yan Zhao Giles N. Johnson conrad W. mullineaux Lu-Ning Liu Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZB UK Centre for Cell Imaging University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZB UK College of Life Science Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK

The structural dynamics and flexibility of cell membranes play fundamental roles in the functions of the cells, i.e., signaling, energy transduction, and physiological adaptation. The cyanobacterial thylakoid membrane represents a model membrane that can conduct both oxygenic photosynthesis and respiration simultaneously. In this study, we conducted direct visualization of the global organization and mobility of photosynthetic complexes in thylakoid membranes from a model cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, using high-resolution atomic force, confocal, and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. We visualized the native arrangement and dense packing of photosystem I （PSI）, photosystem II （PSlI）, and cytochrome （Cyt） befwithin thylakoid membranes at the molecular level. Furthermore, we func- tionally tagged PSI, PSlI, Cyt bef, and ATP synthase individually with fluorescent proteins, and revealed the heterogeneous distribution of these four photosynthetic complexes and determined their dynamic features within the crowding membrane environment using live-cell fluorescence imaging. We characterized red light-induced clustering localization and adjustable diffusion of photosynthetic complexes in thylakoid membranes, representative of the reorganization of photosynthetic apparatus in response to environmental changes. Understanding the organization and dynamics of photosynthetic membranes is essential for rational design and construction of artificial photosynthetic systems to undarpin bioenergy development. Knowledge of cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes could also be extended to other cell membranes, such as chloroplast and mitochondrial membranes.

关键词： cyanobacteria thylakoid membrane atomic force microscopy photosynthesis fluorescence imaging protein dynamics

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