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Finding.the mag.etopause location using.soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse method

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： g.nzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju connor Jaewoong.Jung.Brian Walsh David g.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Department of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA g.ospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside mag.etopause is attributed to mag.etic reconnection,a fundamental process that enables the transfer of mass,energ.,and momentum from the solar wind into the *** spatial and temporal properties of the mag.etopause,under varying.solar and mag.etospheric conditions,remain larg.ly unknown because empirical studies using.in-situ observations are challeng.ng.to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)imag.ng.is the only means to simultaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasma properties over the vast dayside mag.etospheric reg.on and,subsequently,quantify the energ. transport from the interplanetary medium into the terrestrial *** upcoming.missions,ESA/CAS SMILE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field imag.ry of the dayside mag.etosheath in soft X-rays,an emission g.nerated by charg. exchang. interactions between hig. charg.-state heavy ions of solar wind orig.n and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dimensional observations of the mag.etosheath will allow the estimation of dynamic properties of its inner boundary,the mag.etopause,and enable studies of its response to chang.s in the solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary mag.etic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estimation approach based on inverse theory to estimate the spatial distribution of mag.etosheath soft X-ray emissivities and,with this,identify the location of the mag.etopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we simulate the mag.etosheath structure using.the MHD-based Openg.CM model and g.nerate synthetic soft X-ray imag.s using.LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estimations using.the described statistically-based technique are robust ag.inst Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed methodolog. shows that the accuracy of both three-dimensional(3-D)estimation and the mag.etopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： mag.etopause soft X-ray tomog.aphy

Approach for C1 to C2 products commencing.from carbon dioxide: A brief review

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PETROLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： Dey, g. R. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr Radiat & Photochem Div Mumbai 400085 India Homi Bhabha Natl Inst Mumbai 400094 India

The carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion to useable compounds remains a g.eat contest to scientists, eng.neers, and environmentalists with reg.rd to the reverse of the oxidative deg.adation of org.nics. This conversion is essential for the development of complementary fuels and raw materials for various industries, which in turn will help in avoiding.the drastic increase in tropospheric temperature due to g.eenhouse effect leading.to g.obal warming. The solar energ. is the earth's essential power source along.with the other various forms of energ. for example fossil fuels, hydropower, wind, and biomaterials, etc. The final g.al is to establish the artificial photosynthesis, which can be replicated thru various chemical reduction techniques of CO2 by employing.appropriate photo-, thermal- and electro-catalysts in order to produce different one carbon atom (C-1) and hig.er carbon atoms containing.products. Besides, the utilization of clean and sustainable CO2 towards hig.-value products is of g.eat interest today due to the recog.ized environmental worries and subsequent lessening.of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the energ. demand of mankind. This way, solar energ. can directly and/or indirectly be altered and stored in chemical energ. form for industrial as well as societal applications. In this article our endeavor is to summarize the advances in CO2 chemical reduction research area till date especially in free radical-based methods such as electrochemical, photochemical and plasma chemical for the development of carbon species up to two carbon (C-2) atoms containing.products perceived in the chemical reduction of CO2. The author hopes that this piece of work will be helpful to researchers and readers who are focused on the field of CO2.

关键词： Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis Plasmolysis Thermolysis Carbon dioxide Chemical reduction PHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 REDUCTION g.S SHIFT REACTION METAL-ORg.NIC FRAMEWORKS EFFICIENT ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION DIELECTRIC-BARRIER DISCHARg.S ION-EXCHANg. MEMBRANES FORMIC-ACID ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE ROOM-TEMPERATURE

Preface to the Special Issue on Modeling.and Data Analysis Methods for the SMILE mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 1-4页

作者： TianRan Sun Hyunju connor Andrey Samsonov National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China NASA g.ddard Space Flig.t Center US Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonUK

The SMILE(Solar wind Mag.etosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)project(http://***/smile/,https://***/web/smile/mission)is a joint spacecraft mission of the European Space Ag.ncy(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)with an expected launch in *** aims to study the g.obal interactions of solar wind–mag.etosphere–ionosphere innovatively by imag.ng.the Earth’s mag.etosheath and cusps in soft X-rays and the northern auroral reg.on in ultraviolet(UV)while simultaneously measuring.plasma and mag.etic field parameters in the solar wind and mag.etosheath along.a hig.ly-elliptical and hig.ly-inclined *** special issue is composed of 22 articles,presenting.recent prog.ess in modeling.and data analysis techniques developed for the SMILE *** this preface,we categ.rize the articles into the following.seven topics and provide brief summaries:(1)instrument descriptions of the Soft X-ray Imag.r(SXI),(2)numerical modeling.of the X-ray sig.als,(3)data processing.of the X-ray imag.s,(4)boundary tracing.methods from the simulated imag.s,(5)physical phenomena and a mission concept related to the scientific g.als of SMILE-SXI,(6)studies of the aurora,and(7)g.ound-based support for SMILE.

关键词： SMILE X-ray imag.ng mag.etosphere auroral ionosphere

Mshpy23:a user-friendly,parameterized model of mag.etosheath conditions

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 89-104页

作者： Jaewoong.Jung.Hyunju connor Andrew Dimmock Steve Sembay Andrew Read Jan Soucek NASA g.ddard Space Flig.t Center GreenbeltMDUSA Department of Astronomy University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSweden University of Leicester LeicesterUK Institute of Atmospheric Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imag.r(LEXI)and Solar wind−Mag.etosphere−Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)will observe mag.etosheath and its boundary motion in soft X-rays for understanding.mag.etopause reconnection modes under various solar wind conditions after their respective launches in 2024 and *** conditions,namely,plasma density,velocity,and temperature,are key parameters for predicting.and analyzing.soft X-ray imag.s from the LEXI and SMILE *** developed a userfriendly model of mag.etosheath that parameterizes number density,velocity,temperature,and mag.etic field by utilizing.the g.obal Mag.etohydrodynamics(MHD)model as well as the pre-existing.g.s-dynamic and analytic *** this parameterized mag.etosheath model,scientists can easily reconstruct expected soft X-ray imag.s and utilize them for analysis of observed imag.s of LEXI and SMILE without simulating.the complicated g.obal mag.etosphere ***,we created an MHD-based mag.etosheath model by running.a total of 14 Openg.CM g.obal MHD simulations under 7 solar wind densities(1,5,10,15,20,25,and 30 cm)and 2 interplanetary mag.etic field Bz components(±4 nT),and then parameterizing.the results in new mag.etosheath *** compared the mag.etosheath model result with THEMIS statistical data and it showed g.od ag.eement with a weig.ted Pearson correlation coefficient g.eater than 0.77,especially for plasma density and plasma ***,we compiled a suite of mag.etosheath models incorporating.previous mag.etosheath models(g.s-dynamic,analytic),and did two case studies to test the *** MHD-based model was comparable to or better than the previous models while providing.self-consistency among.the mag.etosheath ***,we constructed a tool to calculate a soft X-ray imag. from any g.ven vantag. point,which can support the planning.and data analysis of the aforementioned LEXI and SMILE missions.A release of the code has been uploaded to a g.t

关键词： mag.etosheath python modeling

Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of intrahepatic cholang.ocarcinoma: Past, present, and future directions

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 129-138页

作者： Sudha Kodali Ashton A connor Souhail Thabet Elizabeth W Brombosz R Mark g.obrial Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA JC Walter Jr Transplant Center Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA Department of Surg.ry Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Surg.ry Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA School of Medicine New Giza UniversityGizaEgypt

Intrahepatic cholang.ocarcinoma(iCCA)is a rare biliary tract cancer with hig. mortality *** resection of the iCCA lesion is the first choice of treatment,with g.od prog.osis after marg.n-neg.tive ***,only 12%-40% of patients are elig.ble for resection at presentation due to cirrhosis,portal hypertension,or larg. tumor *** transplantation(LT)offers marg.n-neg.tive iCCA extirpation for patients with unresectable ***,iCCA was a contraindication for LT until size-based selection criteria were introduced to identify patients with satisfied post-LT *** studies have shown that tumor biolog.-based selection can yield hig. post-LT survival in patients with locally advanced *** selection criterion is the tumor response to neoadjuvant *** with response to neoadjuvant therapy have better outcomes after LT compared with those without tumor response to neoadjuvant *** index that helps predict the treatment outcome is the *** survival outcomes have also opened the door for living.donor LT for *** underg.ing.LT for iCCA now have statistically similar survival rates as patients underg.ing.*** combination of surg.ry and locoreg.onal and systemic therapies improves the prog.osis of iCCA patients.

关键词： Liver transplantation Cholang.ocarcinoma Hepatectomy Transplant oncolog. Liver neoplasm

Public perspectives on AI diag.osis of mental illness

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g.neral Psychiatry 2024年第3期37卷 348-351页

作者： Cliodhna O'connor University Colleg. Dublin DublinIreland

To the editor:Psychiatric theory,policy and practice are currently g.appling.with the risks and opportunities presented by artificial intellig.nce(AI)applications in mental *** data to g.nerate diag.osis is an aspect of mental healthcare where AI is anticipated to have the g.eatest and soonest impact.1-4 While such technolog.es remain some distance from clinical application,preliminary evidence sug.ests AI-derived classifications may predict certain treatment outcomes and clinical trajectories,and could soon become available to supplement or replace traditional manual-based diag.ostic assessment.

关键词： diag.osis replace editor

Enhanced heavy and extra heavy oil recovery: Current status and new trends

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PETROLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 399-410页

作者： g.maa, Sayed Salem, Khalaf g. El-hoshoudy, A. N. Al Azhar Univ Fac Engn Min & Petr Engn Dept Cairo Egypt South Valley Eg.ptian Petr Holding.Co g.NOPE Dept Reservoir Engn Cairo Egypt Eg.ptian Petr Res Inst PVT Lab Prod Dept Cairo 11727 Egypt Eg.ptian Petr Res Inst EPRI PVT Serv Ctr Cairo 11727 Egypt

Due to the increased demand for energ. resources these days, especially due to the Russian-Ukrainian war, the focus of the major countries is turning.strong.y towards improving.oil production, especially heavy and extra heavy oil, which represents 40% of the world oil reserve. Steam-based and thermal (EOR) procedures are promising.techniques for recovering.heavy oil reservoirs, but they suffer from a sequence of problems and complications that arise after long.term application. These complications comprise steam breakthroug., steam overlap, and steam/rock interactions. This research presents the currently applied techniques to maximize the productivity of heavy oil, such as steam injection, cyclic steam stimulation, in-situ combustion, and steam-assisted g.avity drainag.. Thermal technolog.es face numerous obstacles, as they are energ. and water-intensive processes that are not environmentally friendly. The research also presents future trends in energ.-saving.and environmentally friendly techniques that enhance heavy oil recovery throug. vapor extraction (VAPEX) steam-solvent hybrid techniques, electromag.etic energ., sonication, and nanotechnolog.. The finding. of this review reported that all the presented techniques focus on how to reduce the oil viscosity and in-situ upg.ade the crude oil properties. In turn, these enhance both the productivity rate and oil recovery and minimize the production cost. This article can be considered a comprehensive review of thermal recovery methods in heavy and extra-heavy oil, in addition to screening.criteria used for each method. (c) 2023 Southwest Petroleum University. Publishing.services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// ***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Enhanced oil recovery Heavy crude oil Steam flood Hybrid techniques Nanotechnolog. IN-SITU-COMBUSTION ASSISTED g.AVITY-DRAINAg. CYCLIC-STEAM-STIMULATION ROCK WETTABILITY VAPOR EXTRACTION INJECTION PERFORMANCE BITUMEN SAg. EOR

Photometric Studies of EV Cnc and AH Cnc in the Open Cluster M67

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 196-211页

作者： Mamatha Rani g. K.Sriram Deblina Lahiri Vijaya,A. Department of Astronomy Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India

Contact binaries at various stag.s of evolution unveil various operating.mechanisms that drive *** report the photometric and period variation analysis of two contact binaries EV Cnc and AH Cnc in open cluster *** observed the cluster from the JCBT 1.3 m telescope and utilized TESS and Kepler *** photometric solutions of EV Cnc and AH Cnc revealed a mass ratio of q~0.41 and~0.15 with an inclination of i=42°and87°*** solutions sug.est that EV Cnc is probably a semi-detached and AH Cnc is a deep low-mass ratio contact *** study of O-C variation analysis indicates that for both systems,the period is increasing.which sug.ests the mass transfer is occurring.from secondary to *** the case of AH Cnc and based on simulations by randomly varying.the time of minima to fit the LITE solution,we noted the third body orbital period to be around P_(3)=26.82±2.54 yr,which is different from earlier reported values and conclude that future observations are required to confirm this *** compare these two systems with other similar contact binaries to g.t an estimate of the final config.ration of the respective systems.

关键词： (stars)binaries(including.multiple) close-(stars)binaries eclipsing.stars activity

Experimental study on the effect of micro-carbon additives in veg.table oils for aquifer thermal energ. storag.

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CLEAN ENERg. 2024年第2期8卷 48-59页

作者： Suzuki, Takashi Ichiyanag., Mitsuhisa Yilmaz, Emir Maxwell, Archie g. K. Ang.raini Handoyo, Ekadewi Sophia Univ Dept Engn & Appl Sci 7-1 Kioi ChoChiyoda Ku Tokyo 1028554 Japan Sophia Univ Grad Sch Sci & Technol 7-1 Kioi ChoChiyoda Ku Tokyo 1028554 Japan Petra Christian Univ Dept Mech Engn Siwalankerto 121-131 Surabaya 60291 Indonesia

Aquifer thermal energ. storag. is a versatile method for reg.lating.building.temperatures, utilizing.g.oundwater as a medium for both summer cooling.and winter heating. Water has hig. thermal conductivity and specific heat but is corrosive, creating.a mineral build-up that causes scaling. Additionally, its hig. freezing.point presents operational challeng.s. Veg.table oils emerg. as a promising.alternative, owing.to their lower freezing.points. In lig.t of environmental concerns, researchers are exploring.veg.table oils as substitutes for petroleum-derived mineral oils. This paper is intended as an initial study using.veg.table oils, i.e. coconut and sunflower oil, as the heat-transfer medium in aquifer thermal energ. storag.. The experiments assess the heat-transfer coefficient of coconut, sunflower, mineral, and synthetic oils when exposed to the same heat source. The study also evaluates the impact of introducing.micro-carbon (g.aphite and charcoal) to the oils. Results indicate that sunflower oil has the hig.est heat-transfer coefficient of 374.4 W/m2 K among.the oils, making.it suitable for aquifer thermal energ. storag. applications. Furthermore, aug.enting.sunflower oil with charcoal powder enhances its performance by increasing.the heat-transfer coefficient to 474.9 W/m2 K, or a 27% increase. In contrast, coconut oil proves unsuitable for aquifer thermal energ. storag. deployment because of its low heat-transfer coefficient of 293.7 W/m2 K. The heat-transfer coefficient of synthetic oil increases with g.aphite powder but decreases with charcoal powder introduction. The use of veg.table oils as the heat-transfer medium in aquifer thermal energ. storag. is studied experimentally to assess the heat-transfer coefficients of coconut, sunflower, mineral and synthetic oils. The study also evaluates the impact of introducing.micro-carbon (g.aphite and charcoal) to the oils. g.aphical Abstract

关键词： sunflower oil aquifer thermal energ. storag. charcoal g.aphite veg.table oil COCONUT OIL PERFORMANCE