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Crack mechanism of ground fissures in loess layer of Fenwei Basin, China

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1683-1696页

作者： LI cong LU Quanzhong wang Feiyong LUO Wenchao XU Qiang School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of EducationXi’an 710054China Observation and Research Station of Ground Fissure and Land Subsidence Ministry of Natural ResourcesXi’an 710054China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

The Fenwei Basin, covered by loess, experiences severe ground fissure disasters. These disasters disrupt the continuity of the loess and pose significant threats to engineering construction safety along transportation routes. Nevertheless, the crack characteristics and the influence zone of ground fissures in the loess layer remain inadequately investigated. To effectively prevent and control ground fissure disasters, physical model tests and the PFC(particle flow code) numerical simulation method are used to investigate the crack mechanism of buried ground fissures in the loess layer. The results show that there are two main cracks in the layer profile, which have a Y-shape morphology. As the dip angle of the preset cracks increased from 60° to 90°, the main deformation zone at the surface gradually shifted towards the footwall. The process of crack propagation from depth to surface is divided into five stages. Additionally, the results confirm the accuracy of the width of the rupture zone d2in the footwall calculated by the cantilever beam theory. These findings can offer theoretical guidance for determining the avoidance distance of ground fissures in loess regions, as well as for implementing disaster prevention and corresponding control measures for various stages of buried ground fissure propagation.

关键词： Ground fissure Fenwei Basin Physical model test Particle flow code Crack propagation

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Nonexistence of quantum black and white hole horizons in an improved dynamic approach

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 56-73页

作者： Wen-cong Gan Xiao-Mei Kuang Zhen-Hao Yang Yungui Gong Anzhong wang Bin wang College of Physics and Communication Electronics Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China GCAP-CASPER Physics DepartmentBaylor UniversityWaco 76798-7316USA Institute for Theoretical Physics&Cosmology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China United Center for Gravitational Wave Physics(UCGWP) Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Department of Physics School of Physical Science and TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In this paper,we study the quantum geometric effects near the locations where classical black hole horizons used to appear in Einstein's classical theory,within the framework of an improved dynamic approach,in which the internal region of a black hole is modeled by the Kantowski-Sachs(KS)spacetime and the two polymerization parameters are functions of the phase space *** detailed analysis shows that the effects are so strong that black and white hole horizons of the effective quantum theory do not exist at all and instead are replaced by transition surfaces,across which the metric coefficients and their inverses are smooth and remain finite,as are the corresponding curvatures,including the Kretschmann *** surfaces always separate trapped regions from anti-trapped *** number of such surfaces is infinite,so the corresponding KS spacetimes become geodesically complete,and no black and white hole-like structures exist in this scheme.

关键词： canonical quantization loop quantum gravity quantum aspects of black holes

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Detection of Pb in Tieguanyin tea and ash by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第2期20卷 116-121页

作者： LI Jingwen YAO Lixing SHEN Li wang cong Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Intelligent Photonics School of ScienceTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China1

In this work, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) was applied for the detection of Pb in Tieguanyin tea and ash. Firstly, the Tieguanyin tea and ash containing Pb were prepared, and the difference of intensities of Pb I spectral lines before and after the ashing treatment was studied. It was found that the intensities of Pb I lines increased by 30 times and the standard deviation of background signal decreased by 41% after the ashing treatment. Therefore, the enrichment of Pb element by ashing treatment was used to detect Pb in tea with high sensitivity. Then, the calibration curve of Pb was established using spectral lines without self-absorption, and the determination coefficient(R^(2)) for the linear fitting of calibration curve was 0.979 9. Finally, it was found that the limit of detection of Pb was 233.8 ppb. Compared with the results of other works which detect Pb directly, the enrichment of Pb by ashing treatment improved the detection sensitivity of Pb by about 200 times. In addition, this method can be applied to the high sensitivity detection of other heavy metals, such as Cr, Cd, Hg, etc in plants, Chinese herbal medicine, flour, rice, coal and other solid materials.

关键词： breakdown spectroscopy treatment

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Biomass-based production of trimellitic and trimesic acids

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1267-1278页

作者： Lin Yuan Yancheng Hu Guangyi Li Fengan Han Aiqin wang Yu cong Tao Zhang Feng wang Ning Li CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19 A Yuquan RoadShijingshan District School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining and Technology State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The production of industrial chemicals with renewable biomass feedstock holds potential to aid the world in pursuing a carbon-neutral *** and trimesic acids are important commodity chemicals in industry that are prepared by the oxidation of petroleum-derived *** reduce the dependence on the limited oil source,we develop a potential sustainable alternative towards trimellitic and trimesic acids using biomass-based 2-methyl-2,4-pentandiol （MPD）,acrylate and crotonaldehyde as starting *** process for trimellitic acid includes dehydration/D-A reaction of MPD and acrylate,flow aromatization over Pd/C catalyst,hydrolysis and catalytic aerobic oxidation （60%overall yield）.The challenging regioselectivity issue of D-A reaction is tackled by a matched combination of temperature and deep eutectic solvent ChCl/*** can also participate in the reaction,followed by Pd/C-catalyzed decarbonylation/dehydrogenation and oxidation to provide trimesic acid in 54%overall *** cycle assessment implies that compared to conventional fossil process,our biomass-based routes present a potential in reducing carbon emissions.

关键词： Biomass Trimellitic acid Trimesic acid Deep eutectic solvent Dehydration/D-A reaction

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Multi-objective Design of Blending Fuel by Intelligent Optimization Algorithms

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第3期30卷 221-237页

作者： Ruichen Liu cong Li Li wang Xiangwen Zhang Guozhu Li Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

Fuel design is a complex multi-objective optimization problem in which facile and robust methods are urgently ***,a complete workflow for designing a fuel blending scheme is presented,which is theoretically supported,efficient,and *** on the data distribution of the composition and properties of the blending fuels,a model of polynomial regression with appropriate hypothesis space was *** parameters of the model were further optimized by different intelligence algorithms to achieve high-precision ***,the design of a blending fuel was described as a multi-objective optimization problem,which was solved using a Nelder–Mead algorithm based on the concept of Pareto ***,the design of a target fuel was fully validated by *** study provides new avenues for designing various blending fuels to meet the needs of next-generation engines.

关键词： Multi-objective optimization Machine learning Blending fuel

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OsbZIP53 Negatively Regulates Immunity Response by Involving in Reactive Oxygen Species and Salicylic Acid Metabolism in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 190-202,I0022-I0028页

作者： WU Lijuan HAN cong.wang Huimei HE Yuchang LIN Hai wang Lei CHEN Chen E Zhiguo State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic ***53 regulates resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice by analyzing APIP5-RNAi transgenic *** further investigate the biological functions of OsbZIP53,we generated osbzip53 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 editing and also constructed OsbZIP53 over-expression transgenic *** analysis of phenotypical,physiological,and transcriptional data showed that knocking-out OsbZIP53 not only improved disease resistance by inducing a hypersensitivity response in plants,but also regulated the immune response through the salicylic acid ***,disrupting OsbZIP53 increased H2O2 accumulation by promoting reactive oxygen species generation through up-regulation of several respiratory burst oxidase homologs(Osrboh genes)and weakened H2O2 degradation by directly targeting *** addition,the growth of osbzip53 mutants was seriously impaired,while OsbZIP53 over-expression lines displayed a similar phenotype to the wild type,suggesting that OsbZIP53 has a balancing effect on rice immune response and growth.

关键词： OsbZIP53 hypersensitive response reactive oxygen species metabolism rice immunity salicylic acid transcription factor

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Evolution of the porous structure for phosphoric acid etching carbon as cathodes in Li–O_(2) batteries:Pyrolysis temperature-induced characteristics changes

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 172-181页

作者： Feiyang Yang Ying Yao Yunkai Xu cong.wang Meiling wang Jingjie Ren Cunzhong Zhang Feng Wu Jun Lu Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center ChongqingChina College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Although biomass-derived carbon(biochar)has been widely used in the energy field,the relation between the carbonization condition and the physical/chemical property of the product remains ***,we revealed the carbonization condition's effect on the morphology,surface property,and electrochemical performance of the obtained *** open slit pore structure with shower-puff-like nanoparticles can be obtained by finely tuning the carbonization temperature,and its unique pore structure and surface properties enable the Li–O_(2) battery with cycling longevity(221 cycles with 99.8%Coulombic efficiency at 0.2 mA cm^(−2) and controlled discharge–charge depths of 500 mAh g^(−1))and high capacity(16,334 mAh g^(−1) at 0.02 mA cm^(−2)).This work provides a greater understanding of the mechanism of the biochar carbonization procedure under various pyrolysis conditions,paving the way for future study of energy storage devices.

关键词： biomass Li-O_(2) battery oxygen catalysts porous carbon temperature parameters

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Reduced exciton binding energy and diverse molecular stacking enable high-performance organic solar cells with V_(OC)over 1.1 V

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3140-3152页

作者： Tingting Dai Jiahao Lu Ailing Tang Yuhan Meng Peiqing cong Zongtao wang Erjun Zhou National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi Minzu UniversityNanning 530006China Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003China

High-voltage organic solar cells(OSCs)have received increasing attention because of their promising applications in tandem devices and indoor photovoltaics,but the trade-off between energy loss and charge generation induced by exciton binding energy(E_(b))has become one of the biggest bottlenecks limiting the development of this ***,a wide bandgap(WBG)nonfullerene acceptor BTA503 with reduced E_(b) is designed by changing the phenyl side chain on the central core of Cl-BTA5 to an alkyl *** diverseπ-πinteractions and enhanced molecular stacking of BTA503 are responsible for its reduced E_(b).Furthermore,both the diminished charge recombination and the fast exciton dissociation caused by the small E_(b) favor the generation of more charge carriers for the PTQ10:BTA503 *** efficient Forster resonance energy transfer(FRET)and multiple π-π stacking patterns provide additional charge transfer and transport ***,the PTQ10:BTA503-based OSC device achieves a V_(OC)of 1.112 V and a PCE of 12.70%,which is higher than that of PTQ10:Cl-BTA5(PCE=10.92%).Simultaneously,the thick film(~300 nm)binary device of PTQ10:BTA503 achieves a PCE of 10.13% with a V_(OC)of 1.102 V,which is the best result for thick film high-voltage *** importantly,the ternary device of PTQ10:BTA503:Cl-BTA5(1:0.9:0.1)realizes a champion PCE of 13.12% with a V_(OC)of 1.126 *** study demonstrates that it is an effective strategy to reduce E_(b) of A_(2)-A_(1)-D-A_(1)-A_(2) type WBG acceptors by modulating the side chains on D unit,which further favors the corresponding devices to obtain world-record PCE and improves their potential for commercial applications.

关键词： exciton binding energy intermolecular interaction wide-bandgap acceptor high V_(OC) organic solar cells

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Femtosecond laser 3D printed micro objective lens for ultrathin fiber endoscope

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 123-130页

作者： Bozhe Li Changrui Liao Zhihao Cai Jie Zhou cong Zhao Liqing Jing Jiaqi wang cong Xiong Lei Xu Ying wang Yiping wang Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre SensorsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Electronic and Communication Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen 518055China

The most important optical component in an optical fiber endoscope is its objective *** achieve a high imaging performance level,the development of an ultra-compact objective lens is thus the key to an ultra-thin optical fiber *** this work,we use femtosecond laser 3D printing to develop a series of micro objective lenses with different optical *** imaging resolution and field-of-view performances of these printed micro objective lenses are investigated via both simulations and *** the first time,multiple micro objective lenses with different fields of view are printed on the end face of a single imaging optical fiber,thus realizing the perfect integration of an optical fiber and objective *** work demonstrates the considerable potential of femtosecond laser 3D printing in the fabrication of micro-optical systems and provides a reliable solution for the development of an ultrathin fiber endoscope.

关键词： Femtosecond laser Two-photon polymerization 3D printing Micro objective lens Fiber endoscope

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Hybrid ion/electron interfacial regulation stabilizes the cobalt/oxygen redox of ultrahigh-voltage lithium cobalt oxide for fast-charging cyclability

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2071-2079页

作者： Zhihong Bi Anping Zhang Gongrui wang cong Dong Pratteek Das Xiaoyu Shi Zhong-Shuai Wu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory of Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

High-voltage and fast-charging LiCoO_(2)(LCO)is key to high-energy/power-density Li-ion ***,unstable surface structure and unfavorable electronic/ionic conductivity severely hinder its high-voltage fast-charging ***,we construct a Li/Na-B-Mg-Si-O-F-rich mixed ion/electron interface network on the 4.65 V LCO electrode to enhance its rate capability and long-term cycling ***,the resulting artificial hybrid conductive network enhances the reversible conversion of Co^(3+)/^(4+)/O_(2)/nredox by the interfacial ion–electron cooperation and suppresses interface side reactions,inducing an ultrathin yet compact cathode electrolyte ***,the derived near-surface Na+/Mg2+/Si^(4+)-pillared local intercalation structure greatly promotes the Li^(+)diffusion around the 4.55 V phase transition and stabilizes the cathode ***,excellent 3 C(1 C=274 mA g1)fast charging performance is demonstrated with 73.8%capacity retention over 1000 *** findings shed new insights to the fundamental mechanism of interfacial ion/electron synergy in stabilizing and enhancing fast-charging cathode materials.

关键词： High-voltage Fast-charging LiCoO_(2) Interfacial ion-electron cooperation Local intercalation

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