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A practical guide for fast implementation of SNARE-mediated liposome fusion

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第1期10卷 31-40页

作者： Shen wang cong Ma Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor(SNAER) family proteins are the engines of most intra-cellular and exocytotic membrane fusion pathways(Jahn and Scheller 2006).Over the past two decades, in-vitro liposome fusion has been proven to be a powerful tool to reconstruct physiological SNARE-mediated membrane fusion processes(Liu et al. 2017). The reconstitution of the membrane fusion process not only provides direct evidence of the capability of the cognate SNARE complex in driving membrane fusion but also allows researchers to study the functional mechanisms of regulatory proteins in related pathways(Wickner and Rizo 2017). Heretofore, a variety of delicate methods for in-vitro SNARE-mediated liposome fusion have been established(Bao et al. 2018;Diao et al. 2012; Duzgunes 2003; Gong et al. 2015; Heo et al. 2021; Kiessling et al. 2015; Kreye et al.2008; Kyoung et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2017; Scott et al. 2003). Although technological advances have made reconstitution more physiologically relevant, increasingly elaborate experimental procedures, instruments, and data processing algorithms nevertheless hinder the non-experts from setting up basic SNARE-mediated liposome fusion assays. Here, we describe a low-cost, timesaving, and easy-to-handle protocol to set up a foundational in-vitro SNARE-mediated liposome fusion assay based on our previous publications(Liu et al. 2023; wang and Ma 2022). The protocol can be readily adapted to assess various types of SNARE-mediated membrane fusion and the actions of fusion regulators by using appropriate alternative additives(e.g., proteins, macromolecules, chemicals, etc.). The total time required for one round of the assay is typically two days and could be extremely compressed into one day.

关键词： Liposome fusion SNARE In-vitro reconstitution Protocol

Long-term operation optimization of circulating cooling water systems under fouling conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 255-267页

作者： Jiarui Liang yong Tian Shutong Yang yong wang Ruiqi Yin Yufei wang School of Chemical Engineering and Environment China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China CHN Energy Xinjiang Chemical Co. LTDUrumqi830092China College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

Fouling caused by excess metal ions in hard water can negatively impact the performance of the circulating cooling water system(CCWS)by depositing ions on the heat exchanger's ***,the operation optimization of CCWS often prioritizes short-term flow velocity optimization for minimizing power consumption,without considering ***,low flow velocity promotes ***,it's crucial to balance fouling and energy/water conservation for optimal CCWS long-term *** study proposes a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)model to achieve this *** model considers fouling in the pipeline,dynamic concentration cycle,and variable frequency drive to optimize the synergy between heat transfer,pressure drop,and *** optimizing the concentration cycle of the CCWS,water conservation and fouling control can be *** model can obtain the optimal operating parameters for different operation intervals,including the number of pumps,frequency,and valve local resistance *** experiments on cycle and environmental temperature reveal that as the cycle increases,the marginal benefits of energy/water conservation *** periods with minimal impact on fouling rate,energy/water conservation can be achieved by increasing the cycle while maintaining a low fouling ***,the proposed model has significant energy/water saving effects and can comprehensively optimize the CCWS through its incorporation of fouling and cycle optimization.

关键词： Computer simulation Circulating water system Fouling Concentration cycle Optimization Variable frequency drive

The prediction of projectile-target intersection for moving tank based on adaptive robust constraint-following control and interval uncertainty analysis

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 351-363页

作者： cong Li Xiuye wang Yuze Ma Fengjie Xu Guolai Yang The School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing290014PR China Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Co. Ltd.Baotou014033PR China Nanjing Chenguang Group Co. Ltd.Nanjing210006PR China

To improve the hit probability of tank at high speed,a prediction method of projectile-target intersection based on adaptive robust constraint-following control and interval uncertainty analysis is *** method proposed provides a novel way to predict the impact point of projectile for moving ***,bidirectional stability constraints and stability constraint-following error are constructed using the Udwadia-Kalaba theory,and an adaptive robust constraint-following controller is designed considering ***,the exterior ballistic ordinary differential equation with uncertainties is integrated into the controller,and the pointing control of stability system is extended to the impact-point control of ***,based on the interval uncertainty analysis method combining Chebyshev polynomial expansion and affine arithmetic,a prediction method of projectile-target intersection is ***,the co-simulation experiment is performed by establishing the multi-body system dynamic model of tank and mathematical model of control *** results demonstrate that the prediction method of projectile-target intersection based on uncertainty analysis can effectively decrease the uncertainties of system,improve the prediction accuracy,and increase the hit *** adaptive robust constraint-following control can effectively restrain the uncertainties caused by road excitation and model error.

关键词： Tank stability control Constraint-following Adaptive robust control Uncertainty analysis Prediction of projectile-target intersection

Efficient Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Photovoltaics

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 268-281页

作者： yong wang Yu wang Feng Gao Deren Yang State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310014China Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversityLinköping 58183Sweden

Tunable bandgaps make halide perovskites promising candidates for developing tandem solar cells(TSCs),a strategy to break the radiative limit of 33.7%for single-junction solar *** perovskites with market-dominant crystalline silicon(c-Si)is particularly attractive;simple estimates based on the bandgap matching indicate that the efficiency limit in such tandem device is as high as 46%.However,state-of-the-art perovskite/c-Si TSCs only achieve an efficiency of~32.5%,implying significant challenges and also rich *** this review,we start with the operating mechanism and efficiency limit of TSCs,followed by systematical discussions on wide-bandgap perovskite front cells,interface selective contacts,and electrical interconnection layer,as well as photon management for highly efficient perovskite/c-Si *** highlight the challenges in this field and provide our understanding of future research directions toward highly efficient and stable large-scale wide-bandgap perovskite front cells for the commercialization of perovskite/c-Si TSCs.

关键词： 2-terminal electrical interconnection perovskite/silicon tandem photovoltaics photon management wide-bandgap perovskites

Dynamic performance and parameter optimization of a half-vehicle system coupled with an inerter-based X-structure nonlinear energy sink

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 85-110页

作者： yong wang Peili wang Haodong MENG Liqun CHEN .Automotive Engineering Research Institute Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013Jiangsu ProvinceChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina School of Automotive Engineering Changzhou Institute of TechnologyChangzhou 213032Jiangsu ProvinceChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Frontier Science Center of MechanoinformaticsShanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and MechanicsSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Inspired by the demand of improving the riding comfort and meeting the lightweight design of the vehicle, an inerter-based X-structure nonlinear energy sink(IXNES) is proposed and applied in the half-vehicle system to enhance the dynamic performance. The X-structure is used as a mechanism to realize the nonlinear stiffness characteristic of the NES, which can realize the flexibility, adjustability, high efficiency, and easy operation of nonlinear stiffness, and is convenient to apply in the vehicle suspension, and the inerter is applied to replacing the mass of the NES based on the mass amplification characteristic. The dynamic model of the half-vehicle system coupled with the IX-NES is established with the Lagrange theory, and the harmonic balance method(HBM) and the pseudo-arc-length method(PALM) are used to obtain the dynamic response under road harmonic excitation. The corresponding dynamic performance under road harmonic and random excitation is evaluated by six performance indices, and compared with that of the original half-vehicle system to show the benefits of the IX-NES. Furthermore, the structural parameters of the IX-NES are optimized with the genetic algorithm. The results show that for road harmonic and random excitation, using the IX-NES can greatly reduce the resonance peaks and root mean square(RMS) values of the front and rear suspension deflections and the front and rear dynamic tire loads, while the resonance peaks and RMS values of the vehicle body vertical and pitching accelerations are slightly *** the structural parameters of the IX-NES are optimized, the vehicle body vertical and pitching accelerations of the half-vehicle system could reduce by 2.41% and 1.16%,respectively, and the other dynamic performance indices are within the reasonable ***, the IX-NES combines the advantages of the inerter, X-structure, and NES, which improves the dynamic performance of the half-vehicle system and provides an effective option for vibrati

关键词： inerter X-structure nonlinear energy sink(NES) half-vehicle system dynamic performance

Deterministic learning-based neural output-feedback control for a class of nonlinear sampled-data systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 164-183页

作者： Yu ZENG Fukai ZHANG Tianrui CHEN cong wang School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University

This study investigates the deterministic learning(DL)-based output-feedback neural control for a class of nonlinear sampled-data systems with prescribed performance(PP). Specifically, first, a sampleddata observer is employed to estimate the unavailable system states for the Euler discretization model of the transformed system dynamics. Then, based on the observations and backstepping method, a discrete neural network(NN) controller is constructed to ensure system stability and achieve the desired tracking performance. The noncausal problem encountered during the controller deduction process is resolved using a command filter. Moreover, the regression characteristics of the NN input signals are demonstrated with the observed states. This ensures that the radial basis function NN, based on DL theory, meets the partial persistent excitation condition. Subsequently, a class of discrete linear time-varying systems is proven to be exponentially stable, achieving partial convergence of neural weights to their optimal/actual values. Consequently, accurate modeling of unknown closed-loop dynamics is achieved along the system trajectory from the output-feedback control. Finally, a knowledge-based controller is developed using the modeling *** controller not only enhances the control performance but also ensures the PP of the tracking error. The effectiveness of the scheme is illustrated through simulation results.

关键词： deterministic learning neural networks adaptive neural control predefined performance nonlinear sampled-data systems

On the improved dynamics approach in loop quantum black holes

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 138-143页

作者： Hongchao Zhang Wen-cong Gan Yungui Gong Anzhong wang Institute for Theoretical Physics&Cosmology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China United Center for Gravitational Wave Physics(UCGWP) Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China College of Physics and Communication Electronics Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China GCAP-CASPER Physics DepartmentBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798-7316United States of America School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China Department of Physics School of Physical Science and TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang 315211China

In this paper,we consider the B?hmer–Vandersloot(BV)model of loop quantum black holes obtained from the improved dynamics *** adopt the Saini–Singh gauge,in which it was found analytically that the BV spacetime is geodesically *** show that black/white hole horizons do not exist in this geodesically complete ***,there exists only an infinite number of transition surfaces,which always separate trapped regions from anti-trapped *** on the improved dynamics approach adopted in other models of loop quantum black holes are also given.

关键词： loop quantum gravity black hole dynamics approach

Ferrite features in simulated transition zone of EH36 shipbuilding steel submerged arc welded by CaF_(2)-SiO_(2)-MnO fluxes

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 790-796页

作者： Ming Zhong Dong Hu Da-ming Guo Somnath Basu cong wang Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai 400076MaharashtraIndia

Ferrite features in the simulated transition zone welded with CaF_(2)-SiO_(2)-MnO fluxes containing various MnO contents have been *** laser scanning microscopy has been applied to simulate the thermal cycling of the transition zone and the phase transformations during cooling have been in-situ *** has been found that the appearance temperature for ferrite side plate decreases with increasing Mn content in the weld metals caused by MnO content ***,growth rates for both ferrite side plate and acicular ferrite are significantly enhanced with a higher Mn content of weld ***,from the statistical fractions of salient microstructures,for all samples,the acicular ferrite,grain boundary ferrite,and polygonal ferrite take over more than 90%.It has also been demonstrated that with the increase in Mn content,the ferrite side plate fraction increases slightly from 5%to 10%and the acicular ferrite fraction shows a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing,which experiences the maximum with the flux containing 30 wt.%*** phenomenon is believed to be controlled by the O and Mn contents in weld metals synergistically.

关键词： Submerged arc welding Transition zone Phase transformation Microstructure

Spray characteristics of different regions downstream of a swirl cup

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 124-143页

作者： Donghui wang yong HUANG Hongzhou ZHANG Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine School of Energy and Power EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 102206China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 102206China

The spray characteristics of different regions downstream of swirl cups play a critical role in cold start and re-ignition of gas *** spray measurements were performed at the fuel pressures of 0.5,0.8,1.0,1.5,and 2.0 MPa and the fuel temperatures of-23,-13,-3,7,17 and 27℃,*** droplet size,droplet velocity,droplet number,and instantaneous spatial spray image of sprays from an aviation kerosene Jet-A were measured using a two-component phase Doppler particle analyzer and a digital off-axis holography *** the fuel pressure and temperature increase,the Sauter Mean Diameter(SMD)and spray non-uniformity of the Spray Shear Layer(SSL)gradually *** the fuel pressure increases,the SMD and spray non-uniformity of the Central Toroidal Recirculation Zone(CTRZ)gradually decrease,and the slopes of these curves both *** the fuel pressure increases,the SMD and spray nonuniformity of the CTRZ rapidly decrease at the fuel temperature of23℃,while slightly decrease at the fuel temperature of 27℃.The droplets in the CTRZ come from 3 different sources:simplex nozzle,venturi,and outside the *** the fuel pressure increases,the proportion of droplets recirculated from outside the CTRZ *** study proposed the concept of the“pressure critical point”for the swirl *** the fuel temperature decreases,the proportion of droplets recirculated from outside the CTRZ increases below the critical pressure,while decreases above the critical *** addition,through the models of liquid film formation and breakup on the curved cylindrical wall,a semi-theoretical model was established to predict the SMD of SSL for swirl *** prediction uncertainty of this model is less than 6%for all 14 conditions in this paper.

关键词： Swirl cup Sauter Mean Diameter(SMD) Spray non-uniformity Atomizing regions Semi-theoretical prediction Spray nozzles