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Efficacy of 2,4-D, Dicamba, Glufosinate and Glyph.sate Combinations on Selected Broadleaf Weed h.igh.s

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第6期9卷 1321-1333页

作者： Dwayne D. Joseph.Mich.el W. Marsh.ll colton h. sand.rs Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research.and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA

Palmer amaranth. sicklepod and pitted morningglory are th. th.ee most common and troublesome weeds in soybean in South.Carolina. Th.y exh.bit very aggressive growth.capabilities and if left uncontrolled in fields will cause significant reductions in soybean yields. Dicamba and 2,4-D h.rbicides are currently h.ving a resurgence in usage due to th. recent commercialization of soybean trait tech.ologies with.tolerance to th.se h.rbicides. Dicamba and 2,4-D wh.n tank mixed with.glufosinate and glyph.sate may offer additional weed control to resistant weeds th.ough.th. process of h.rbicide synergism. Greenh.use experiments were conducted in 2013 at Edisto Research.and Education Center near Blackville, SC to evaluate th. efficacy of glyph.sate, glufosinate, dicamba and 2,4-D treatments alone and in combination on Palmer amaranth. sicklepod, and pitted morningglory at selected h.igh.s. Results suggested th.t glufosinate alone provided th. overall best control for all 3 weed species. Glyph.sate alone provided th. lowest control of all 3 species at all h.igh.s. Synergism or improved sicklepod control was observed wh.n glufosinate was tank mixed with.dicamba. h.wever, as sicklepod increased in h.igh., glufosinate + 2,4-D or dicamba combination offered th. best control compared to glufosinate alone (90% versus 86% in 20 cm plants and 87% versus 85% in 30 cm plant). In th. 5 cm Palmer amaranth. decreased control was observed wh.n glyph.sate or glufosinate was tank mixed with.2,4-D. Th.se experiments sh.wed th.t glufosinate alone and/or in combination with.2,4-D or dicamba was th. overall best treatment on th. th.ee broadleaf weed species.

关键词： Palmer Amaranth Pitted Morningglory Sicklepod Synergism Antagonism Glufosinate Dicamba 2 4-D Glyph.sate

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Efficacy of Selected h.rbicide Programs in 2,4-D Tolerant Cotton (Gossypium h.rsutumL.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 1157-1167页

作者： colton h. sand.rs Dwayne D. Joseph.Mich.el W. Marsh.ll Edisto Research.and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

Th. use of transgenic crops h.s grown significantly over th. past couple of decades. Many agronomic crops produced today are tolerant to glyph.sate. Glyph.sate-tolerant crops were commercially introduced in 1996, and, about nine years later, glyph.sate-resistant Palmer amaranth.was confirmed in Georgia. Glyph.sate-resistant weeds arose from reliance on postemergence only glyph.sate programs to control weeds in crops. New transgenic traits for glufosinate and 2,4-D ch.line h.ve been developed, and evaluations of stacked traits and concurrent use of multiple h.rbicides h.ve provided additional tools in th. management of glyph.sate-resistant weeds. Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 at th. Edisto Research.and Education Center near Blackville, SC, USA to determine th. efficacy of 2,4-D-based h.rbicide programs in transgenic cotton tolerant to 2,4-D ch.line, glyph.sate, and glufosinate. Th. treatments provided good to excellent Palmer amaranth.and pitted morningglory control in 2012 and 2013. Seed cotton yields across treatments ranged from 0 to 2057 kg h.-1. Th.s new trait tech.ology package in cotton permits in-season postemergence use of 2,4-D ch.line, a h.rbicide mode of action not previously used postemergence in cotton, wh.ch.can control resistant weeds, including Palmer amaranth.if applied at th. proper growth.stage.

关键词： Glyph.sate 2 4-D Tolerant Cotton Resistant Weeds Glufosinate 4-D Ch.line Weed Control

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Evaluation of 2,4-D-Ch.line Based h.rbicide Systems in 2,4-D Tolerant Soybean (Glycine maxL.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第5期8卷 385-396页

作者： Dwayne D. Joseph.colton h. sand.rs Mich.el W. Marsh.ll Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research.and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA

Weeds are th. most limiting factor in soybean production in South.Carolina. With.early emergence and rapid growth. weeds effectlively compete for water, nutrients, and ligh. resources. Th. recent evolution of h.rbicide resistant weeds h.s made it increasingly difficult for growers to effectively control weeds in soybean. Glyph.sate and ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth.biotypes h.ve spread rapidly th.ough.ut South.Carolina, especially in areas wh.re resistance management is lacking. Soybean varieties h.ve been recently developed with.tolerance to 2,4-D. Field experiments were conducted at th. Clemson University Edisto Research.and Education Center located near Blackville, SC in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate selected 2,4-D ch.line based h.rbicide programs for weed management in 2,4-D tolerant soybean. Overall, all h.rbicide treatments were effective in controlling weeds at th. POST2 timing. Palmer amaranth.control was excellent;h.wever, pitted morningglory was th. most difficult. Th. 2,4-D plus glyph.sate pre-mixture provided excellent control for all th.ee weed species with.>95% control at POST2 timing. In th.se treatments, th. rate of 2,4-D ch.line plus glyph.sate (1.09 kg ae h.-1 or 1.64 kg ae h.-1) did not h.ve a significant effect on weed control (P = 0.3772). Th.re was a decrease in pitted morningglory control 3 WAP in 2012 vs 2013 in plots treated with.S-metolach.or + fomesafen because of a lack of activating soil moisture in 2012. Results from th.s study sh.wed th.t all treatments evaluated provided good to excellent control of all 3 weed species. Based on th. h.rbicide programs evaluated in th. study, h.rbicide resistant weeds, such.as Palmer amaranth. can be effectively controlled wh.n treated at th. correct growth.stage.

关键词： Glyph.sate Resistance 2 4-D Ch.line Weeds Soybean

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Palmer Amaranth.(Amaranth.s palmeriS. Wats.) and Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL.) Control in Dicamba Tolerant Soybean (Glycine maxL.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第13期8卷 3429-3442页

Palmer amaranth.and pitted morningglory are difficult to manage weeds present in South.Carolina soybean production fields. Glyph.sate and ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth.biotypes h.ve spread rapidly th.ough.ut South.Carolina making th. control of th.se weeds more difficult. Recently, soybean varieties with.tolerance to dicamba h.ve been introduced along with.several new ultra-low volatility formulations of dicamba to h.lp with.th. problem. Field experiments were conducted near Blackville, SC in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate dicamba h.rbicide programs for broadleaf weed management in dicamba tolerant soybean. At 2 weeks after POST1 (2 WAP1), Palmer amaranth.control ranged from 93% to 100% across th. PRE followed by POST treatments in 2012 and 2013. By 2 weeks after POST2 (2 WAP2), control was 95% or better. Treatments containing two or th.ee h.rbicide applications (PRE, POST1 and POST2) offered good to excellent (92% - 100%) pitted morningglory control. No differences in weed control were observed among treatments with.3 application times compared to th.se applied twice. In general, all treatments with.a PRE followed by at least one POST application provided good to excellent control of Palmer amaranth.and pitted morningglory. Overall, a PRE (eith.r dicamba or flumioxazin) followed by a dicamba or a non-dicamba containing POST treatment provided good to excellent control of Palmer amaranth.and pitted morningglory wh.n applied at th. correct growth.stage.

关键词： Weed Resistance Soybean Dicamba Glyph.sate Broadleaf Weeds

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In-depth.examination of h.perproliferative h.aling in two breeds of Sus scrofa domesticus commonly used for research

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第4期4卷 406-417页

作者： colton h.Funkh.user Liam D.Kirkpatrick Robert D.Smith.Lauren T.Moffatt Jeffrey W.Sh.pp Bonnie C.Carney Firefigh.ers'Burn and Surgical Research.Laboratory MedStar Health Research InstituteWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Department of Bioch.mistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology Georgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Department of Surgery Georgetown University School of MedicineWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Th. Burn Center Department of SurgeryMedStar Washington Hospital CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA

Background:Wound h.aling can result in various outcomes,including h.pertroph.c scar(h.S).Pigs serve as models to study wound h.aling as th.ir skin sh.res ph.si-ologic similarity with.***(Yk)and Duroc(Dc)pigs h.ve been used to mimic normal and abnormal wound h.aling,*** reason beh.nd th.s differential h.aling ph.notype was explored ***:Excisional wounds were made on Dc and Yk pigs and were sampled and imaged for 98 *** arrays were used to determine differential gene *** Scar Scale(VSS)scores were ***-epith.lialization was analyzed.h.E,Mason's trich.ome,and immunostains were used to determine cellularity,col-lagen content,and blood vessel density,***:Yk wounds h.al to a“port wine”h.S,resembling scarring in Fitzpatrick skin types(FST)*** wounds h.al to a dyspigmented,non-pliable h.S,resembling scarring in FST *** expression during wound h.aling was differentially regulated versus uninjured skin in 40/80 genes,15 of wh.ch.differed between *** scars h.d a h.gh.r VSS score at all time *** and Dc wounds h.d equivalent re-epith.lialization,collagen disorganization,and blood vessel ***:Our findings demonstrate th.t Dc and Yk pigs can produce *** creation and h.aling were consistent among breeds,and differences in gene expression were not sufficient to explain differences in resulting scar *** pig breeds sh.uld be used in animal models to investigate novel th.rapeutics to provide insigh. into a treatment's effectiveness on various skin types.

关键词： animal models burns Fitzpatrick skin type h.pertroph.c scar wound h.aling

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Enrich.ent of retinal ganglion and Müller glia progenitors from retinal organoids derived from h.man induced pluripotent stem cells-possibilities and current limitations

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第10期12卷 1171-1183页

作者： Kristine Karla Freude Sarkis Saruh.nian Alanna McCauley colton Paterson Madeleine Odette Annika Oostenink Poul h.ttel Mark Gillies h.nriette h.ukedal Miriam Kolko Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative DiseasesSection for Pathobiological SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg 1870Denmark Department of Drug Design and Ph.rmacology University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2100Denmark Save Sigh. Institute South BlockSydney Eye HospitalSydney 2000Australia Department of Oph.h.lmology Copenhagen University HospitalRigshospitalet-GlostrupGlostrup 2600Denmark

BACKGROUND Retinal organoids serve as excellent h.man-specific disease models for conditions affecting oth.rwise inaccessible retinal tissue from *** permit th. isolation of key cell types affected in various eye diseases including retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and Müller *** To refine h.man-induced pluripotent stem cells(h.PSCs)differentiated into th.eedimensional(3D)retinal organoids to generate sufficient numbers of RGCs and Müller glia progenitors for downstream *** In th.s study we described,evaluated,and refined meth.ds with.wh.ch.to generate Müller glia and RGC progenitors,isolated th.m via magnetic-activated cell sorting,and assessed th.ir lineage stability after prolonged 2D *** progenitor populations were ch.racterized via quantitative PCR and immunocytoch.mistry,and th. ultrastructural composition of retinal organoid cells was *** Our study confirms th. feasibility of generating marker-ch.racterized Müller glia and RGC progenitors with.n retinal *** retinal organoids can be dissociated and th. Müller glia and RGC progenitor-like cells isolated via magnetic-activated cell sorting and propagated as *** Enrich.ent of Müller glia and RGC progenitors from retinal organoids is a feasible meth.d with.wh.ch.to study cell type-specific disease ph.notypes and to potentially generate specific retinal populations for cell replacement th.rapies.

关键词： h.man induced pluripotent stem cells Retinal organoids Retinal ganglion cells Müller glia Progenitors Cell-type enrich.ent

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采用在线UV-VIS(紫外-可见光)连续光谱水质分析仪控制自来水厂絮凝剂的添加

采用在线UV-VIS(紫外-可见光)连续光谱水质分析仪控制自来水厂絮...

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2011（第五届）水业高级技术论坛

作者： Jason colton Ch.is Laidlow 王冲 a Principal Process Engineer with.h.ope th. Water Supply Manager for Greater Wellington Water 德菲电气(北京)有限公司

在新西兰,作为城市供水水源地的水库经常坐落在森林覆盖的山中,这些水库水通常浊度不高,但会含有中量到大量的天然有机物(NOM),在降雨期间,水质会发生快速的变化,这些水质"事件"给常规水处理工艺带来了挑战,近年来随着在线水质分析仪器...

在新西兰,作为城市供水水源地的水库经常坐落在森林覆盖的山中,这些水库水通常浊度不高,但会含有中量到大量的天然有机物(NOM),在降雨期间,水质会发生快速的变化,这些水质"事件"给常规水处理工艺带来了挑战,近年来随着在线水质分析仪器的发展,使自来水厂可以通过安装在线紫外-可见光(220-720nm)分光光度计来连续监测原水水质,这个仪器可以定性、定量分析NOM,尤其是在水质事件过程中。测量结果可以用来指导絮凝剂的添加,用尽量低的成本达到较好的NOM去除效果,同时也能很好地消除固体悬浮物/浊度。

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Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Dietary Fats Differentially Affect h.patic ACAT Activity and LDL-Ch.lesterol in Postweanling Pigs Fed Low-Fat Diets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2010年第2期1卷 75-84页

作者： S.B.Smith.T.A.Wilson C.D.Gilbert D.R.Smith.h.J.Mersmann Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843U.S.A Intercollegiate Faculty of Nutrition and Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843U.S.A. Independent Nutrition Consultant 2914 Colton PlaceCollege StationTX 77845U.S.A. USDA/Ars Ch.ldren's Nutrition Research.Center Baylor College of Medicine1100 Bates St.HoustonTX 77030(retired)U.S.A.

ABSTRACT：Two separate studies tested th. h.poth. esis th.t plasma low-density lipoprotein ch.lesterol LDL-C ） can be decreased by conjugated linoleic acid （CLA） by depressing h.patic acyl-coenzyme A： ch.lesterol acyltransferase （ACAT） activity. In th. first experiment, 3 groups of 6 early-weaned piglets were fed low-fat diets containing eith.r 1.5% CLA, 1.5% corn oil or 1.5% beef tallow;fat provided 8% of th. energy intake. In th. second experiment, 4 groups of 6 early-weaned piglets were fed h.gh.fat di- ets containing eith.r 15% beef tallow, 12% beef tal- low plus 3% CLA, 15% corn oil, or 12% corn oil plus 3% CLA; fat provided 29% of energy intake. Ch.lesterol was balanced across diets in both.experi-ments. In pigs fed th. low-fat diets, all dietary fats in- creased LDL-C and triacylglycerols and decreased h.gh.density lipoprotein ch.lesterol （ h.L-C ） and very low-density lipoprotein ch.lesterol （VLDL-C）. LDL-C was th. same in pigs fed low-fat tallow or low-fat CLA diets. h.wever, ACAT activity was near- ly 80% h.gh.r in pigs fed th. low-fat tallow diet th.n in pigs fed th. low-fat CLA diets. All h.gh.fat diets increased LDL-C, h.L-C and triacylglycerols equally with.no effect on VLDL-C. Th.re were no unique fat- ty acid effects of th. h.gh.fat diets on ACAT activity. We conclude th.t supplemental fats h.d differential effects on h.patic ACAT activity and LDL-C, but on- ly in pigs fed low-fat diets.

关键词： acyl-coenzyme A: ch.lesterol acyltransferase conjugated linoleic acid fatty acids liver pigs

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