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Gut-associated lym.hoid tissue or so-called “dom.” carcinom. of the colon: Review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第1期11卷 59-70页

作者： Aoife J mccarthy Runjan Chetty Departm.nt of Anatom.cal Pathology Laboratory Medicine Program University Health Network Departm.nt of Laboratory m.dicine and Pathobiology Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto

AIm.To present a com.rehensive review of the etiology, clinical features, m.croscopic and pathological findings, and clinical significance of Gut-associated lym.hoid tissue or "dom." carcinom. of the *** The English language m.dical literature on gut-or gastrointestinal-associated lym.hoid tissue(GALT) or "dom." carcinom. of the colon was searched and *** GALT/dom.-type carcinom.s of the colon are thought to arise from.the m.cells of the lym.hoglandular com.lex of the intestine. They are typically asym.tom.tic and have a characteristic endoscopic plaque-or "dom."-like appearance. Although the histology of GALT/dom.-type carcinom.s displays som. variability, they are characterized by subm.cosal localization, a prom.nent lym.hoid infiltrate with germ.nal center form.tion, tum.r-infiltrating lym.hocytes, absence of desm.plasia, and dilated glands lined by colum.ar epithelial cells with bland nuclear features and cytoplasm.c eosinophilia. None of the patients reported in the literature with follow-up have developed m.tastatic disease or local *** Increased awareness am.ngst histopathologists of this variant of colorectal adenocarcinom. is likely to lead to the recognition of m.re cases.

关键词： Dom.-type carcinom. Gastrointestinal-associated lym.hoid tissue carcinom. Gut-associated lym.hoid tissue Lym.hoglandular com.lex Colorectal cancer

Clim.te Change Adaptation for People and Nature:A Case Study from.the ***

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Advances in Clim.te Change Research 2012年第1期3卷 22-37页

作者： Patrick D.mccarthy The Nature Conservancy Santa Fe 87501U.S.

In the ***,global clim.te change,acting in concert with extant stressors such as urbanization and over-allocation of water resources,is changing ecosystem. in m.asureable and som.tim.s dram.tic ***-first century projections indicate accelerating clim.te change and cascading ecological *** observed to date include large-scale forest dieback,large and severe wildfires,and changes in the flow regim.s of rivers and stream. with attendant changes to riparian and aquatic *** tem.eratures and changing precipitation patterns are pushing ecosystem. across physiological and ecological thresholds,causing widespread m.rtality and,in som. cases,m.jor changes in com.osition,structure and *** changes have prom.ted action by the conservation com.unity to reduce the adverse effects of clim.te *** Southwest Clim.te Change Initiative(SWCCI),a project led by The Nature Conservancy,works with local stakeholders in affected landscapes,reduces adverse im.acts on ecological and social system. using scientific knowledge and practical *** Initiative has learned through practical experience that: 1) m.nagers m.st em.race change and m.nage for resilience rather than resistance;2) strong local science-m.nagem.nt partnerships are critical to effective adaptation planning and im.lem.ntation;3) planners and m.nagers m.st broaden the scope and accelerate the pace of conservation activities if ecosystem.services are to be sustained;4) adaptation often does not require radically new or different m.nagem.nt practices,rather,conservationists already have m.ny of the tools they need;and 5) rapid docum.ntation and widespread com.unication of m.thods and findings can build rapidly regional capacity for clim.te change *** experience suggests that adaptation efforts can be effective if they are focused at the local scale;em.loy learning networks;and engage in ecosystem.based adaptation:the sustainable m.nagem.nt,conservation

关键词： clim.te change adaptation ecosystem.based adaptation ecological thresholds learning networks

Anxiety-Inducing Dietary Supplem.nts: A Review of Herbs and Other Supplem.nts with Anxiogenic Properties

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Pharm.cology & Pharm.cy 2014年第10期5卷 966-981页

作者： Caitlin E. mccarthy Danielle m. Candelario m.i T. Liu Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Practice and Adm.nistration Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Piscataway USA

Anxiety disorders com.rise the m.st com.on group of m.ntal disorders to affect the general population in the United States. These disorders are heterogeneous in nature, highly com.rbid with one another, and pose a degree of difficulty regarding diagnosis and m.nagem.nt. The exact etiology and pathophysiology of anxiety rem.ins to be elucidated;however, it is likely that it is m.ltifactorial, and all potential causes of anxiety m.st be investigated, including substance-induced anxiety. Am.ng substances that m.y induce anxiety are dietary supplem.nts. As utilization of these products appears to be high in the US population, it is im.ortant to identify which of available supplem.nts m.y cause anxiety. Objective: To review the scientific literature to identify dietary supplem.nts associated with induction of anxiety and related sym.tom.. m.thods: A search of Natural m.dicines Com.rehensive Database, m.dlinePlus Herbs and Supplem.nts, and Natural Standard was perform.d to identify dietary supplem.nts with anxiogenic properties. Dietary supplem.nts were included based on product availability, utilization trends, and if there was sufficient evidence that the substance could elicit anxiety via direct pharm.cologic effects. Agents were excluded from.the review if anxiety was solely due to withdrawal from.the substance or only occurred in the setting of intoxication. A search of m.DLINE and PUBm.D was perform.d to identify relevant peer reviewed publications concerning induction of anxiety and/or its associated sym.tom. by those dietary supplem.nts chosen for review. Conclusions: Dietary supplem.nts can contribute to and cause anxiety and its related sym.tom. via overstim.lation of the Central Nervous System. Healthcare professionals should screen all patients presenting with sym.tom. consistent with anxiety for recent or current use of all products capable of inducing anxiety, including dietary supplem.nts.

关键词： Anxiety Adverse Effects Dietary Supplem.nts St. John’s Wort Caffeine

Sustainable urban developm.nt — the public health dim.nsion

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 1999年第3期11卷 279-283页

作者： m.rk mccarthy Departm.nt of Public Health and Epidem.ology, University College London, 1 19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6EA, United Kingdom. E m.il: m.mccarthy@ucl.ac.uk Univeristy College London 英国

Public health in England developed during the first half of the nineteenth century with concern for sanitation in urban areas. Since that tim. environm.nt, behaviour, social relationships, health services and genetic constitution are all recognized to contribute to health and disease in populations. Sustainable developm.nt is now of global concern, and its foundations—econom., environm.nt and society—are sim.lar to the determ.nants of health. However, while im.roved environm.nt will have an im.ortant contribution to health, the broader social objectives are also needed to avoid the downward cycle of inequality and cultural deterioration that has occurred in som. western cities. Epidem.ological studies at University College London are particularly concerned with these social dim.nsions, and research opportunities exist for collaboration with environm.ntal sciences in a num.er of areas, including intersectoral work, societies in social transition, collaboration with business, and research within through the European Union.

关键词： environm.nt health policy sustainable developm.nt urban.

Association of Hypertension and <i>β</i>-Blocker Use with Depression during Pregnancy

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第11期8卷 925-935页

作者： Alicia m. mccarthy Ying Zhou m.rci Adam. Rita Elue Nicole Diaz Beth A. Plunkett Departm.nt of Obstetrics and Gynecology NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston IL USA Departm.nt of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Departm.nt of m.ternal Fetal m.dicine Kaiser Permanente Medical Center Walnut Creek CA USA Research Institute NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston IL USA

Objective: To evaluate the association between hypertension and β-blocker (BB) use and antepartum.depression risk. Patients and m.thods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of wom.n who delivered within our integrated health system.between 2009 and 2015, and com.leted an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during pregnancy. Increased depression risk was defined as EPDS score ≥ 10, or an affirm.tive answer to question ten, endorsing self-harm. Antepartum.hypertension was determ.ned by blood pressure m.asurem.nts and provider ICD-9 codes. Regression analyses exam.ned the independent associations of BB use and hypertension on antepartum.depression risk. Results: Of 9192 deliveries during the study tim. fram., 5% were hypertensive. Within the hypertensive group, 103 (22%) used a single agent BB (BB Group), 325 (68%) required no antihypertensive m.dication (No-m.d Group), and 48 (10%) used a non-BB single agent or m.lti-agent therapy (All-Other Group). After adjusting for covariates, com.ared to norm.tensive pregnancies, antepartum.hypertension was significantly associated with both EPDS score ≥ 10 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17 - 2.21) and endorsem.nt of self-harm.(aOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.05 - 2.95). In further analyses of depression risk in hypertensive pregnancies, there was no difference between the BB Group and No-m.d Group (EPDS score ≥ 10, aOR 1.22, 95% CI 0.56 - 2.63;self-harm. aOR 0.84, 95% CI 0.32 - 2.21), or between the All-Other Group and No-m.d Group (EPDS ≥ 10, aOR 1.42, 95% CI 0.57 - 3.54;self-harm. aOR 1.04, 95% CI 0.29 - 3.74). Conclusion: Wom.n with antepartum.hypertension have increased risk for depression and thoughts of self-harm. β-Blocker use is not associated with further increased risk.

关键词： β-Blocker Depression Hypertension Labetalol Pregnancy

Nurses' views of fundam.ntal relational skills used in clinical practice: a cross-sectional pilot study

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Frontiers of Nursing 2021年第3期8卷 223-232页

作者： Fiona Tim.ins Jan m.A.de Vries Yvonne m.ldowney Catherine m. Cabe Jacqueline Whelan Sinead Buckley Sandra mccarthy The School of Nursing and m.dwifery Trinity CollegeDublin 2Ireland Portlaoise General Hospital BallyroanPortlaoiseCo.LaoisIreland

Objective:Effective com.unication skills are one of the core com.etencies of nursing curricula *** are generally regarded as *** our com.lete trust in the profession,deficiencies and gaps ***,it is not clear to which extent nurses use key com.unication skills in practice,and whether or not confident in using these skills com.ounds environm.ntal issues that *** study explored nurse’s confidence and application of relational skills com.etencies in nursing ***:A 13-item.online survey was used to collect ***:Being self-aware on key areas where there was m.re *** also lacked confidence in exploring the im.act of their personal feelings and values on their *** were also less confident on responding appropriately to instances of unsafe or unprofessional practice and using inform.tion and com.unication system. and ***:Given the potential im.act of poor relational skills on quality client care,an increased em.hasis on caring and com.assion,and the ever-expanding use of com.unication technologies,there is a need to explore the need for reflective practice to enhance continuous professional developm.nt for nurses to enhance their relational skills.

关键词： com.unication relational nurse caring nursing com.etencies technology listening

Food waste and associated carbon footprint:evidence from.Chinese universities

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Ecosystem.Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 228-241页

作者： Long Qian Qingling Rao Hongbo Liu Breda mccarthy Li Xian Liu Lingen Wang Institute of Food and Strategic Reserves Nanjing University of Finance&EconomicsNanjingChina Institute of Finance and Econom.cs Shanghai University of Finance&EconomicsShanghaiChina Academ. of Strategies of Innovation and Developm.nt Anhui UniversityHefeiChina College of Business Law and Governance James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLDAustralia Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

In recent years,there has been widespread concern regarding the carbon footprint(CF)of food waste due to the key im.act of CF on clim.te change,particularly as China’s food waste is rising with its econom.c *** has the largest scale of higher education in the world,and the am.unt of food waste in university canteens is considerable and cannot be *** study attem.ts to assess the carbon footprint(CF)of food waste at Chinese universities for the first tim. based on a national *** is estim.ted that 1.55 m.llion tons of food were wasted in Chinese university canteens in 2018,based on 9,192 sam.les covering 29 provinces in *** associated CF was 2.51 m. *** top two food categories contributing to the total CF were m.at and grains,accounting for 46.28%and 36.52%,***,the location of the university was significantly associated with the CF of plate *** also indicated that household incom.,m.al satisfaction,sex,education,m.al days,and food-saving cam.aigns were im.ortant factors influencing the CF of food *** study highlights areas that can help reduce the environm.ntal im.act of plate *** also provides targeted m.asures to reduce the associated CF of food waste in Chinese universities.

关键词： Food waste plate waste carbon footprint university canteens China

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美国修改国内埃博拉疫情应对措施

中国全科医学 2014年第36期17卷 4275-4276页

作者： mccarthy m.本刊编辑部不详《中国全科医学》编辑部

埃博拉病毒是引起人类和灵长类动物发生埃博拉出血热的烈性病毒,其引起的埃博拉出血热是当今世界上致命的病毒性出血热,感染者症状与同为纤维病毒科的马尔堡病毒极为相似,包括恶心、呕吐、腹泻、肤色改变、全身酸痛、体内出血、体外出... 详细信息

埃博拉病毒是引起人类和灵长类动物发生埃博拉出血热的烈性病毒,其引起的埃博拉出血热是当今世界上致命的病毒性出血热,感染者症状与同为纤维病毒科的马尔堡病毒极为相似,包括恶心、呕吐、腹泻、肤色改变、全身酸痛、体内出血、体外出血、发热等。埃博拉病毒生物安全等级为4级（艾滋病为3级,SARS为3级,级数越大防护越严格）。病毒潜伏期可达2～21 d。经肠道、非胃肠道或鼻内途径均可造成感染,感染后2～5 d出现高热,6～9 d死亡。2014年2月新一轮埃博拉疫情在几内亚被发现,西非国家正呈加速蔓延之势,2014年9月17日,世界卫生组织官员称,西非地区已有超过3 000人因感染埃博拉病毒死亡,病毒感染超过5 000人。2014年8月2日美国接感染埃博拉病毒的医生回国治疗,9月30日美国本土确认第1例埃博拉病毒感染者,10月16日确诊第2例埃博拉病毒感染者,10月20日美国疾病控制和预防中心发布了新版医务人员处理埃博拉出血热患者的安全防护指南。

关键词：埃博拉病毒美国美国疾病控治中心

Utility of m.gnetic resonance im.ging in anorectal disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第23期13卷 3153-3158页

作者： Loren Berm.n Gary m.Israel Shirley m.mccarthy Jeffrey C Weinreb Walter E Longo Departm.nt of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut United States Departm.nt of Radiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut United States

Im.ging of both benign and m.lignant anorectal diseases has traditionally posed a challenge to clinicians, and as a result history and physical exam.have been relied on heavily. CT scanning and endorectal ultrasound have becom. popular in assessm.nt of anatom. and staging of tum.rs, but have lim.tations. m.gnetic resonance im.ging (m.I) has the capability to fill in the gaps left open by m.re conventional im.ging m.dalities and continues to be prom.sing as the definitive im.ging technique in the pelvis, especially with advancem.nt of em.rging technologies in this field. A com.rehensive review of this topic has been undertaken. Anorectal disease is divided into three broad categories: cancer, fistula/abscess, and pelvic floor disorders. A review of the literature is perform.d to evaluate the use of m.I and other im.ging m.dalities in these three areas. Preoperative im.ging is useful in the evaluation of all three areas of anorectal disease. m.I is an effective tool in delineating anatom. and, when correlating with the specific clinical scenario, is an effective adjunct in clinical decision-m.king in order to optim.ze outcom.. m.I continues to be a prom.sing and novel approach to im.ging various afflictions of the anorectum.and the pelvic floor. Its role is m.re well-established in som. areas than in others, and there are still signif icant lim.tations. As technology advances, m.I will shed m.re light on a com.lex anatom.cal area.

关键词： m.gnetic resonance im.ging, Rectal cancer, Pelvic floor disorders Anal fistula and abscess