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Adult meerkats modify close call rate in the presence of pups

Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 349-355页

作者： Megan T. WYMAN Pearl R. RIVERS coline muller Pauline TONI Marta B. MANSER Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich CH 8057 Switzerland Kalahari Meerkat Project Kuruman River Reserve P.O. Box 64 Van Zylsrus Northern Cape 8467 South Africa

In animals, signaling behavior is often context-dependent, with variation in the probability of emitting certain signals dependent on fitness advantages. Senders may adjust signaling rate depending on receiver identity, presence of audiences, or noise masking the signal, all of which can affect the benefits and costs of signal production. In the cooperative breeding meerkat Suricata suricatta, group members emit soft contact calls, termed as ＂close calls＂, while foraging in order to maintain group cohesion. Here, we investigated how the close calling rate during foraging was affected by the presence of pups, that produce continuous, noisy begging calls as they follow older group members. Adults decreased their overall close call rate substantially when pups were foraging with the group in comparison to periods when no pups were present. We suggest this decrease was likely due to a masking effect of the loud begging calls, which makes the close call function of maintaining group cohesion partly redundant as the centrally located begging calls can be used in- stead to maintain cohesion. There was some support that adults use close calls strategically to at- tract specific pups based on fitness advantages, that is, as the philopatric sex, females should call more than males and more to female pups than male pups. Dominant females called more than dominant males when a pup was in close proximity, while subordinates showed no sex-based dif- ferences. The sex of the nearest pup did not affect the calling rate of adults. The study shows that meerkats modify their close call production depending on benefits gained from calling and provides an example of the flexible use of one calling system in the presence of another, here contact calls versus begging calls, within the same species.

关键词： call rate communication contact calls cooperation flexibility group cohesion.

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Maximizing recovery time between knock-out races improves sprint cross-country skiing performance

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 21-29页

作者： Kerry McGawley coline Van Waerbeke Karl-Johan Westberg Erik P.Andersson Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre Department of Health SciencesMid Sweden UniversityOstersund 83125Sweden

Background:In a sprint cross-country(XC)ski competition,the difference in recovery times separating the first and the second semi-final(SF)heats from the final(F)may affect *** aim of the current study was to compare the effects of longer *** recovery periods prescribed between the 3 knock-out races of a simulated sprint XC ski competition involving a prologue(P),quarter-final(QF),SF,and ***:Eleven well-trained XC ski athletes completed 2 simulated sprint XC ski competitions on a treadmill involving 4×883-m roller-ski bouts at a 4°incline using the gear 3 ski-skating *** first 3 bouts were completed at a fixed speed(PFIX,QFFIX,and SFFIX)corresponding to~96%of each individual’s previously determined maximal *** final bout was performed as a self-paced sprint time trial(FSTT).Test conditions differed by the time durations prescribed between the QFFIX,SFFIX,and FSTT,which simulated real-world XC ski competition conditions using maximum(MAX-REC)or minimum(MIN-REC)recovery ***:The FSTT was completed 5.4±5.5 s faster(p=0.009)during MAX-REC(179.2±18.1 s)compared to MIN-REC(184.6±20.0 s),and this was linked to a significantly higher power output(p=0.010)and total metabolic rate(p=0.009).The pre FSTT blood lactate(BLa)concentration was significantly lower during MAX-REC compared to MIN-REC(2.5±0.8 mmol/L vs.3.6±1.6 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.027),and the pre-to-post FSTT increase in BLa was greater(8.8±2.1 mmol/L vs.7.1±2.3 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.024).No other differences for MAX-REC ***-REC reached significance(p>0.05).Conclusion:Performance in a group of well-trained XC skiers is negatively affected when recovery times between sprint heats are minimized which,in competition conditions,would occur when selecting the last QF *** result is combined with a higher pre-race BLa concentration and a reduced rise in BLa concentration under shorter recovery *** findings may help inform decision making when

关键词： Energetics Repeated sprints Roller skiing Simulated competition Tactics

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Farm buildings and agri-food transitions in Southern France:Mapping dynamics using a stakeholder-based diagnosis

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 108-120页

作者： Orlane Rouquier coline Perrin Michaël Pouzenc Valérie Olivier-Salvagnac UMR 5193 LISST(Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités SociétésTerritoires)Univ Toulouse-Jean JaurèsCNRSEHESSENSFEAINU ChampollionToulouseFrance UMR 0951 INNOVATION Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance UMR TLSE INP-INRAE 1248 AGIR(AGroécologie InnovationsTeRritoires)ToulouseFrance

This study's goal is to present a dynamic portrait of the farm-buildings environment in Occitania,in Southern France,in order to better identify the transitions underway in agri-food *** this end,we undertook a ter-ritorial diagnosis based on actor statements,using 28 semi-structured interviews across *** diagnosis was enriched by graphic modelling,which enabled the spatialization of the dynamics *** show that the process of standardisation of farm buildings prevails in the majority of the territories *** phenomenon has intensified in recent years with the development of vast photovoltaic-roofed sheds,accentuating the farm-land conversion and soil *** the same time,in areas with strong environmental,landscape and heritage contexts,a'new adventure in farm buildings'(2022 survey)is taking *** is primarily driven by local short food chains,which rely on self-construction,repurposing and refurbishment,the sharing of tools and equipment,and which favour the use and reuse of local *** study shows that farm-buildings dynamics crystallise many challenges confronting the reterritorialisation of agriculture and food production.

关键词： Farm buildings Transition Local food systems Occitania Cartographic modelling

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The sperm-interacting proteome in the bovine isthmus and ampulla during the periovulatory period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 980-1000页

作者： coline Mahe Regis Lavigne Emmanuelle Com Charles Pineau Aleksandra Maria Zlotkowska Guillaume Tsikis Pascal Mermillod Jennifer Schoen Marie Saint-Dizier CNRS IFCEINRAEUniversite de ToursPRC37380 NouzillyFrance Univ Rennes InsermEHESPIrset(Institut de Recherche en SanteEnvironnement Et Travail)-UMR-S 1085F‑35000 RennesFrance Univ Rennes CNRSInsermBiosit UAR 3480 US_S 018Protim Core Facility35000 RennesFrance Institute of Reproductive Biology Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal BiologyFBNDummerstorfGermany Present Address:Department of Reproduction Biology Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research(IZW)BerlinGermany

Background Spermatozoa interact with oviduct secretions before fertilization in vivo but the molecular players of this dialog and underlying dynamics remain largely *** objectives were to identify an exhaustive list of sperm-interacting proteins(SIPs)in the bovine oviduct fluid and to evaluate the impact of the oviduct anatomical region(isthmus ***)and time relative to ovulation(pre-ovulatory ***-ovulatory)on SIPs number and *** Pools of oviduct fluid(OF)from the pre-ovulatory ampulla,pre-ovulatory isthmus,post-ovulatory ampulla,and post-ovulatory isthmus in the side of ovulation were collected from the ***-thawed bull sperm were incubated with OF or phosphate-buffered saline(control)for 60 min at 38.5℃.After protein extraction and digestion,sperm and OF samples were analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS and label-free protein *** A quantitative comparison between proteins identified in sperm and OF samples(2333 and 2471 proteins,respectively)allowed for the identification of 245 *** highest number(187)were found in the pre-ovulatory isthmus,i.e.,time and place of the sperm *** total,41 SIPs(17%)were differentially abundant between stages in a given region or between regions at a given stage and 76 SIPs(31%)were identified in only one region×stage *** analysis of SIPs predicted roles in cell response to stress,regulation of cell motility,fertilization,and early embryo *** This study provides a comprehensive list of SIPs in the bovine oviduct and evidences dynamic spatiotemporal changes in sperm-oviduct interactions around ovulation ***,these data provide protein candidates to improve sperm conservation and in vitro fertilization media.

关键词： Ampulla Fallopian tube Interactome Isthmus Oviduct Ovulation Post-ovulatory Pre-ovulatory Proteomics Spermatozoa

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煤中有机硫形态结构和热解过程硫变迁特性的研究

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燃料化学学报 1997年第4期25卷 358-362页

作者：孙成功李保庆 coline.Snape 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室

利用热解质谱并结合固定床热解反应装置，对煤中有机硫的形态结构及其对加氢热解过程硫变迁特性的影响，进行了较系统的研究。结果表明，煤中有机硫的形态结构在褐煤中主要以脂肪族、芳香族硫化物为主，而在烟煤中则主要以各种不同芳构... 详细信息

利用热解质谱并结合固定床热解反应装置，对煤中有机硫的形态结构及其对加氢热解过程硫变迁特性的影响，进行了较系统的研究。结果表明，煤中有机硫的形态结构在褐煤中主要以脂肪族、芳香族硫化物为主，而在烟煤中则主要以各种不同芳构化程度的噻吩结构为主，初步表明煤中有机硫形态结构随煤变质程度的变迁呈较强的连续递变性。煤热解过程中硫在各产物中的变迁和分布与煤中有机硫的形态结构特点密切相关。较高芳构化噻吩结构不完全的氢化还原反应显著制约了有机硫往气态产物中的转移，这使热解焦油中有机硫的分布量主要取决于原煤中具有较高芳构化程度的噻吩硫结构的含量，而与脂肪、芳香族硫化物甚至单环噻吩硫的含量关系不大。

关键词：有机硫形态结构煤加氢热解热解

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Large-scale mapping of the Ebola NP and GP proteins reveals multiple immunoprevalent and conserved CD4 T-cell epitopes

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1323-1325页

作者： Yann Gallais Raphaël Sierocki Gautier Lhomme coline Sivelle Divor Kiseljak Florian Wurm Sami Djoulah Ahmed Bouzidi Jérôme Kerzerho Bernard Maillère Département Médicament et Technologie pour la Santé SIMoSUniversitéParis-SaclayCEA-Saclay91191Gif surYvetteFrance Excellgene MontheySwitzerland Wiratech Europe Genopole91000EvryFrance Vaxeal holding SA VeveySwitzerland

Humankind faces regular outbreaks from emerging viruses,such as Ebola and the current SARS-CoV-2,or from viruses circulating at low levels in the wild animal *** to the suddenness of virus expansion,the lack of knowledge of immune determinants and correlates of protection severely limit the ability to address the *** in 1976,Ebola virus is part of the Filoviridae family and causes severe hemorrhagic fever with a mortality rate between 50%and 90%.From 2013 to 2020,more than 30,000 infections and 15,000 deaths have been reported *** antibody titers against Ebola virus GP are found in patients recovering from Ebola virus infection and correlate with protection in vaccination models.1 Both CD8 and CD4 T-cell responses also seem to participate in the control of Ebola virus infection in animals,and CD4 T cells are necessary to induce resistance to Ebola virus challenge.

关键词： Ebola mortality hemorrhagic

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自我复杂性与情绪关系的研究

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心理科学 2001年第1期24卷 92-93页

作者：王垒栾胜华张慧 coline E.McConnel Kaiping Peng 北京大学心理学系 100871 伯克利加州大学心理学系

不同人的自我概念内容不同，可表现为自我复杂性(Self-complexity)的差异。James、Gergen、Markus和Nurius等都将自我看作一种多层面结构。类似的。Linville认为自我复杂性是“代表各种各样认知结构的自我方面的集合”。复杂性越高。自... 详细信息

不同人的自我概念内容不同，可表现为自我复杂性(Self-complexity)的差异。James、Gergen、Markus和Nurius等都将自我看作一种多层面结构。类似的。Linville认为自我复杂性是“代表各种各样认知结构的自我方面的集合”。复杂性越高。自我描述的内容越多。

关键词：自我概念认知结构集合内容情绪差异描述代表

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Analytical Monitoring of the Chemicals Present in the Discharge Water Generated by the Surface Treatment Industry

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第7期4卷 53-60页

作者： Nadia Morin-Crini coline Druart Sophie Gavoille Celine Lagarrigue Gregorio Crini Universite de Franche-Comte Chrono-EnvironnementBesancon CedexFrance Agence de l’Eau Rhone-Mediterranee-Corse Delegation de BesanconBesancon CedexFrance Agence de l’Eau Rhone-Mediterranee-Corse Departement des Interventions et des Actions de BassinLyon CedexFrance

Industrial discharge water, and especially that from the surface treatment industry (ST), contains non-negligible amounts of pollutants even though the legislation is fully respected. In spite of this, no detailed studies list the exact chemical composition of these effluents. The present study reports the results of analyses performed over a 6-month period involving 15 standard water parameters. Over 160 substances including 33 metals, 58 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 24 chlorophenols (CPs), 16 alkylphenols (APs), 5 chloroanilines (CAs) and 7 polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) were monitored. The industrial effluents presented polycontamination involving metals, minerals and organics with a high degree of qualitative and quantitative variability. Of the 160 substances monitored, 46 were regularly found: 25 inorganics including 8 metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sn, Zn) and 21 organics (4 PAHs, 10 VOCs, 4 CPs and 3 APs). Eighteen were systematically presented at quantifiable levels.

关键词： Discharge Water Metal-Finishing Industry Hazardous Substances Analytical Monitoring

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煤加氢热解高效转化及过程脱硫脱氮效应

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煤炭学报 1997年第2期22卷 176-181页

作者：孙成功李保庆 coline.Snape 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所

系统考察了煤非催化加氢热解反应特性及过程脱硫脱氮效应，通过调整工艺条件，煤加氢热解的焦油收率视煤种不同可高达５０％～７０％，占煤热解总转化率的７０％～８０％，表现出很高的选择性，而不同煤种热解过程的氢利用效率对氢压的... 详细信息

系统考察了煤非催化加氢热解反应特性及过程脱硫脱氮效应，通过调整工艺条件，煤加氢热解的焦油收率视煤种不同可高达５０％～７０％，占煤热解总转化率的７０％～８０％，表现出很高的选择性，而不同煤种热解过程的氢利用效率对氢压的变化均存在一个峰值压力．煤热解的过程总脱硫率可高达７０％以上，煤中几乎所有硫铁矿硫被脱除殆尽，残留在热解半焦中的微量硫的形态分布主要表现为硫酸盐硫，热解半焦为洁净固体燃料，而热解焦油的硫分布量密切取决于与煤变质程度有关的有机硫的形态结构．该工艺的过程脱氮效应的强弱与煤变质程度密切相关，兖州煤的脱氮率视氢压不同在２５％～４６％之间，而红庙煤从固体产物中脱除的氮几乎全部迁移、富集至焦油产物中．

关键词：煤脱硫脱氮加氢热解转化

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煤非催化加氢热解过程中脱硫脱氮效应及硫变迁特性

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燃料化学学报 1997年第4期25卷 353-357页

作者：孙成功李保庆 coline.Snape 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室

采用５ｇ固定床热解反应器和在线热解质谱，对煤加氢热解过程的脱硫脱氮效应及硫变迁特性进行了考察。结果表明，煤中几乎所有硫铁矿硫被脱除殆尽，半焦中残存的微量硫主要表现为硫酸盐硫。而热解过程中硫往焦油产物组分的变迁、转移主... 详细信息

采用５ｇ固定床热解反应器和在线热解质谱，对煤加氢热解过程的脱硫脱氮效应及硫变迁特性进行了考察。结果表明，煤中几乎所有硫铁矿硫被脱除殆尽，半焦中残存的微量硫主要表现为硫酸盐硫。而热解过程中硫往焦油产物组分的变迁、转移主要取决于煤中噻吩类含硫化物的不完全氢化还原反应，而与煤中其它有机硫化物的含量关系不大，从而使高噻吩煤难于获得低硫甚至无硫洁净焦油产物。同时发现，由于氢传质扩散的相对滞后，微量硫与煤中内在氧发生氧化反应，生成ＳＯ２。与加氢热解脱硫效应相比，有机氮的脱除非常困难，且与煤种密切相关。兖州煤脱氮率视工艺条件可达２５～４５％，而红庙煤大部分含氮化合物则从固体产物转移至焦油组分中。

关键词：煤加氢热解脱硫脱氮热解

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