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International Journal of Sediment research 2021年第2期36卷 279-290页

作者： Xiaohui Yan colin David rennie Abdolmajid Mohammadian Department of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa

This paper presents a model for local scour at submerged weirs with downstream slopes that uses a coupled moving-mesh and masked-element approach. In the developed model, the fluid-sediment interface is tracked using a moving-mesh technique, and the effects of the structure on the hydrodynamics and bed morphology are resolved using a masked-element technique. Compared to traditional sediment scour models, based on the moving-mesh technique, the present model has the advantage of allowing for a simpler setup of the computational grids and a larger-amplitude deformation. Laboratory experiments on local scour at a submerged weir with a downstream slope were conducted, which provided bed profiles at different time instants. The results obtained by the present model are compared to the experimental data. The comparisons demonstrate the performance of the model in satisfactorily predicting local scour at a submerged weir with a downstream slope. The model was further modified and employed to carry out additional computations to investigate the influence of various parameters and sub-models.

关键词： Numerical modeling Bed morphology Submerged weir Downstream slope Moving-mesh and masked-element OpenFOAM

Integrating volunteered smartphone data with multispectral remote sensing to estimate forest fuels

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第2期9卷 171-196页

作者： colin J.Ferster Nicholas C.Coops Department of Forest resources Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Volunteered data sources are readily available due to advances in electronic communications *** example,smartphones provide tools to collect ground-based observations over broad areas from a diverse set of data collectors,including people with,and without,extensive *** this study,volunteers used a smartphone application to collect ground-based *** structural components were then estimated over a broader area using high spatial resolution rapidEye remote sensing imagery(5 spectral bands 440–850 nm,5 m spatial resolution)and a digital elevation model following a three nearest neighbor approach(K-NN).Participants with professional forestry experience on average chose highpriority fuel load locations near buildings,while nonprofessional participants chose a broader range of conditions over a larger *** used together,the professional and nonprofessional observations provided a more complete assessment of forest conditions.A generalized framework is presented that utilizes K-NN imputation tools for estimating the distribution of forest fuels using remote sensing and topography variables,ensuring spatial representation,checking attribute accuracy,and evaluating predictor *** to integrate volunteered data from smartphone platforms with remote sensing may contribute toward more complete Earth observation for Digital Earth.

关键词： citizen science public participation in scientific research mobile rapidEye red edge WUI

Screening of phenolic compounds in australian grown grapes and their potential antioxidant activities

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 544-556页

作者： Gia Toan Vo Ziyao Liu Osbert Chou Biming Zhong colin J.Barrow Frank r.Dunshea Hafiz A.r.Suleria School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology Synthetic Biochemistry CenterShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVIC3217Australia Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK

Grapes(Vitis Vinifera)are one of the world's most utilised and prized *** are a great source of antioxidants due to the abundance of phenolic *** pulp is the main part of the grape being *** pulp of five Australian grown grapes–Dawn Seedless(DS),Calmeria(CG),Golden Globe(GG),Menindee Seedless(MS),and Thompson Seedless(TS)will be qualitatively and quantitatively analysed for its phenolic composition and antioxidant *** general trend followed:GG>TS>MS>DS>CG,and the phenolic content of the pulp also presented a significant positive correlation with the antioxidant *** revealing the highest levels of TPC(4.31±0.11 mg GAE/g)and TFC(0.48±0.09 mg QE/g)while TS were highest in TTC(0.94±0.12 mg CE/g).Similarly,GG exhibited higher antioxidant capacity in DPPH(5.84±0.17 mg AAE/g),FrAP(4.91±0.14 mg AAE/g),and TAC(6.78±0.12 mg AAE/g),while TS revealed highest radical scavenging ability for ABTS(4.56±0.19 mg AAE/g).The LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS tentatively identified 78 phenolic compounds consisting of flavonoids(36),phenolic acids(31),lignans(3),stilbenes(1),and other polyphenols(7)in five grapes *** most abundant fruit-based targeted polyphenols were *** had a higher phenolic concentration in HPLC-PDA quantification,particularly for phenolic acids(gallic acid and chlorogenic acid)and flavonoids(kaempferol).Our study provides relatively adequate information on grape pulp's phenolic content and antioxidant capacity,providing confidence and research prospects to promote grape pulp use in different food,pharmaceutical and supplement industries,and even influencing grape cultivation.

关键词： Australian grown grapes Phenolic compounds LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Antioxidant activity HPLC-PDA

Effect of processing on bioaccessibility and bioavailability of bioactive compounds in coffee beans

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 1-13页

作者： Hanjing Wu Jingyu Gu Amrit BK Malik A.Nawaz colin J.Barrow Frank r.Dunshea Hafiz A.r.Suleria School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkville3010VICAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial research Organisation(CSIrO) Agriculture and Food671 Sneydes RoadPrivate Bag 16WerribeeVictoria3030Australia Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVIC3217Australia Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

Coffee is one of the most prevalent and functional beverages around world owing to its rich content of bioactive *** compounds and alkaloids are two primary groups of bioactive compounds in coffee beans,which have been proven healthy benefits in regular and suitable daily *** have been recognized as protective factors,especially phenolic compounds,to perform high antioxidant capacities and potential to relieve the occurrence of chronic diseases and partial *** content and composition of bioactive and anti-nutritional compounds in coffee beans can be mainly influenced by variety,processing and storage *** cultivar of Arabica coffee beans(***)exhibits lower content of phenolic compounds but similar anti-nutritional substances with the comparison to robusta(***).Comparing to green coffee beans,reasonable roasting contributes to the improvement of phenolic content and its total antioxidant activity because of the liberation of bound phenolic compounds and the generation of novel compounds with antioxidant *** intensive roasting will not only decrease the number of bioactive compounds within the coffee beans but also stimulate the generation of endogenous anti-nutritional compounds,which consequently reduce the coffee nutritional *** fluctuations of moisture content during storage would be the primary reason of the changes in the content of bioactive *** compounds in coffee beans perform outstanding bioaccessibility but relatively lower absorption efficiency because of the combination with other *** roasting would improve the bioavailability of bioactive *** interaction between phenolic compounds and proteins would also influence the bioavailability and bioactivity of bioactive compounds and final nutritional value after consumption.

关键词： Coffee beans Phenolic compounds Alkaloids Anti-nutritional compounds roasting Bioavailability

Lithium sulfide nanocrystals as cathode materials for advanced batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第12期30卷 138-169,I0004页

作者： Fengming Wan Liran Fang Xin Zhang colin A.Wolden Yongan Yang Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado School of Mines1613 Illinois StreetGoldenCO 80401United States

The ever-increasing need for sustainable development requires advanced battery techniques beyond the current generation of lithium ion *** all candidates being explored,lithium-sulfur batteries are a very promising system to be commercialized in the near *** this end,the development of lithium sulfide(Li_(2)S)nanocrystal-based cathodes has received tremendous effort and witnessed multiple *** from the focus on performance improvement in previous reviews,this review summarizes the research progress in line with the approaches of materials synthesis and electrode *** key chemistry,operation procedure,materials characterizations and performance assessments are all given a balanced ***,all approaches are collectively analyzed along the lines of six criteria towards practical applications,i.e.,electrode performance,materials quality,resources sustainability,production cost,operation procedure,and consumed ***,some perspective viewpoints on the future research directions are offered.

关键词： Lithium sulfide Nanocrystals Cathode materials Advanced batteries

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review of abdominal solid organ transplantation in Jehovah’s Witness patients

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World Journal of Transplantation 2019年第5期9卷 94-102页

作者： rodrigo S Figueiredo rohan G Thakkar Paul r Ainley colin H Wilson Department of Hepatopancreatico-biliary and Transplant Surgery Freeman Hospital

Managing blood loss in Jehovah’s Witness(JW)patients is a matter of *** patients will not accept transfusions of red blood cells,white blood cells,platelets or plasma,even if that is required to save their *** are many discussions regarding safety of operating upon JW patients in general surgical procedures,but in solid organ transplantation there is a paucity of literature on this *** have reviewed individual case reports and small series documenting on experience with solid organ transplantation in JW patients and the strategies adopted to facilitate *** is clear that such patients require the surgical team to dedicate more time to ensure their safe *** begins with a thorough,detailed consent of exactly which products and interventions they will or will not *** must begin weeks before surgery if *** case must be assessed individually,but provided they meet fitness requirements,there are no absolute contraindications to abdominal organ transplantation.

关键词： Anaemia Blood transfusion Informed consent Jehovah's Witness Transplantation

Ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy in HIV positive patients

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第4期6卷 542-545页

作者： Hamzah Mustak Graeme rogers colin Cook Division of Ophthalmology Groote Schuur Hospital

AIMTo determine whether HIV and the use of antiretroviral therapy is a risk factor for the development of ethambutol toxic optic neuropathy. To describe the clinical course of ethambutol toxic optic neuropathy in pati... 详细信息

关键词： ethambutol HIV toxic optic neuropathy

Ecosystem classification and inventory maps as surrogates for ground beetle assemblages in boreal forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第1期5卷 97-108页

作者： J.A.colin Bergeron F.Guillaume Blanchet John r.Spence W.Jan A.Volney Department of renewable resources University of Alberta751 General Services BuildingEdmontonAlbertaCanada T6G 2H1 Natural resources Canada Northern Forestry Centre5320122 Street NorthwestEdmontonAlbertaCanada T6H 3S5

Aims We compare performance of ecosystem classification maps and provincial forest inventory data derived from air photography in reflecting ground beetle(Coleoptera:Carabidae)biodiversity patterns that are related to the forest canopy *** biodiversity surrogacy model based on remotely sensed tree canopy cover is validated against field-collected ground *** We used a systematic sampling grid of 198 sites,covering 84 km^(2) of boreal mixedwood forest in northwestern Alberta,*** every site,we determined tree basal area,characterized the ground beetle assemblage and obtained corresponding provincial forest inventory and ecosystem classification *** used variation partitioning,ordination and misclassification matrices to compare beetle biodiversity patterns explained by alternative databases and to determine model biases originating from air *** Findings Ecosystem classification data performed better than canopy cover derived from forest inventory maps in describing ground beetle biodiversity *** biodiversity surrogacy models based on provincial forest inventory maps and field survey generally detected similar patterns but inaccuracies in air photo-interpretation of relative canopy cover led to differences between the two *** to field survey data,air photo-interpretation tended to confuse two Picea species and two Populus species present and homogenize stand *** generated divergence in models of ecological association used to predict the relationship between ground beetle assemblages and tree canopy *** of relative canopy cover from provincial inventory with other georeferenced land variables to produce the ecosystem classification maps improved biodiversity predictive *** association observed between uncommon surrogates and uncommon ground beetle species emphasizes the benefits of detecting these surrogates as a part of landscape *** order to comple

关键词： biodiversity surrogate regional conservation forest inventory ecosystem classification Carabidae

Progress and challenges in CrISPr-mediated therapeutic genome editing for monogenic diseases

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The Journal of Biomedical research 2021年第2期35卷 148-162页

作者： colin T.Konishi Chengzu Long Leon H.Charney Division of Cardiology New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016USA Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016USA Department of Neurology New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016USA Department of Neuroscience and Physiology New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016USA

There are an estimated 10000 monogenic diseases affecting tens of millions of individuals *** application of CrISPr/Cas genome editing tools to treat monogenic diseases is an emerging strategy with the potential to generate personalized treatment approaches for these ***/Cas-based systems are programmable and sequence-specific genome editing tools with the capacity to generate base pair resolution manipulations to DNA or *** complexity of genomic insults resulting in heritable disease requires patientspecific genome editing strategies with consideration of DNA repair pathways,and CrISPr/Cas systems of different types,species,and those with additional enzymatic capacity and/or delivery *** this review we aim to discuss broad and multifaceted therapeutic applications of CrISPr/Cas gene editing systems including in harnessing of homology directed repair,non-homologous end joining,microhomology-mediated end joining,and base editing to permanently correct diverse monogenic diseases.

关键词： gene editing CrISPr-associated protein 9 CrISPr-Cas system genetic disease medical genetics genetic therapy

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Glia and hemichannels: key mediators of perinatal encephalopathy

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Neural regeneration research 2018年第2期13卷 181-189页

作者： robert Galinsky Joanne O.Davidson Justin M.Dean colin r.Green Laura Bennet Alistair J.Gunn Department of Physiology University of Auckland The ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical Research Department of Ophthalmology University of Auckland

Perinatal encephalopathy remains a major cause of disability, such as cerebral palsy. Therapeutic hypo- thermia is now well established to partially reduce risk of disability in late preterm/term infants. However, new and complementary therapeutic targets are needed to further improve outcomes. There is increasing evidence that glia play a key role in neural damage after hypoxia-ischemia and infection/inflammation. In this review, we discuss the role of astrocytic gap junction （connexin） hemichannels in the spread of neural injury after hypoxia-ischemia and/or infection/inflammation. Potential mechanisms of hemichannel medi- ated injury likely involve impaired intraceUular calcium handling, loss of blood-brain barrier integrity and release of adenosine triphosphate （ATP） resulting in over-activation of purinergic receptors. We propose the hypothesis that inflammation-induced opening of connexin hemichannels is a key regulating event that initiates a vicious cycle of excessive ATP release, which in turn propagates activation of purinergic receptors on microglia and astrocytes. This suggests that developing new neuroprotective strategies for preterm infants will benefit from a detailed understanding of glial and connexin hemichannel responses.

关键词： hypoxia-ischemia connexin hemichannels spreading injury connexin 43 astrocytes hypoxicischemic encephalopathy

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