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Infectious disease emergence and global change: thinking systemically in a shrinking world

Infectious diseases of Poverty 2012年第1期1卷 31-47页

作者： colin d butler National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health College of Medicine Biology and Environment Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia

Background:Concern intensifying that emerging infectious diseases and global environmental changes that could generate major future human ***:A focused literature review was undertaken,partly informed by a forthcoming report on environment,agriculture and infectious diseases of poverty,facilitated by the Special Programme for Tropical ***:More than ten categories of infectious disease emergence exist,but none formally analyse past,current or future burden of *** evidence suggests that the dominant public health concern focuses on two informal *** important is the perceived threat of newly recognised infections,especially viruses that arise or are newly discovered in developing countries that originate in species exotic to developed countries,such as non-human primates,bats and *** pathogens may be transmitted by insects or bats,or via direct human contact with *** second group is new strains of influenza arising from intensively farmed chickens or pigs,or emerging from Asian“wet markets”where several bird species have close *** forms appear justified because of two great pandemics:HIV/AIdS(which appears to have originated from bushmeat hunting in Africa before emerging globally)and Spanish influenza,which killed up to 2.5%of the human population around the end of World War *** appreciated is the contribution of the milieu which appeared to facilitate the high disease burden in these ***,excess anxiety over emerging infectious diseases diverts attention from issues of greater public health importance,especially:(i)existing(including neglected)infectious diseases and(ii)the changing milieu that is eroding the determinants of immunity and public health,caused by adverse global environmental changes,including climate change and other components of stressed life and civilisation-supporting ***:The focus on novel pathogens and minor forms of anti-micr

关键词： immunity formally originated

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In an interconnected world: joint research priorities for the environment, agriculture and infectious disease

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 15-17页

作者： Bianca Brijnath colin d butler Anthony J McMichael department of General Practice School of Primary Health CareMonash UniversityBuilding 1270 Ferntree Gully RoadNotting HillVictoria 3168Australia Faculty of Health University of CanberraCanberraAustralia National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia

In 2008 the UNICEF/UNdP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical diseases(TdR)commissioned ten think-tanks to work on disease-specific and thematic reference groups to identify top research priorities that would advance the research agenda on infectious diseases of poverty,thus contributing to improvements in human *** first of the thematic reference group reports-on environment,agriculture and infectious diseases of poverty-was recently *** this article we review,from an insider perspective,the strengths and weaknesses of this thematic reference group report and highlight key messages for policy-makers,funders and researchers.

关键词： Agriculture Environment Infectious disease Research priorities TdR

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Chemical-assisted MMP reduction on methane-oil systems:Implications for natural gas injection to enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 101-108页

作者： Mohamed Almobarak Matthew B.Myers colin d.Wood Yongbing Liu Ali Saeedi Quan Xie discipline of Petroleum Engineering WA School of Mines:MineralsEnergy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Kensington6151Australia Curtin University Oil and Gas Innovation Centre Management Kensington6151Australia State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation No.8 Xindu AvenueXindu DistrictChengdu 610500PR China

***,the main challenge in this process is the high minimum miscibility pressure(MMP)between natural gas and crude oil,which limits its application and recovery factor,especially in hightemperature ***,we present a novel investigation to quantify the effect of chemicalassisted MMP reduction on the oil recovery ***,we measured the interfacial tension(IFT)of the methane-oil system in the presence of chemical or CO_(2) to calculate the MMP reduction at a constant temperature(373K)using the vanishing interfacial tension(VIT)***,we performed three coreflooding experiments to quantify the effect of MMP reduction on the oil recovery factor under different injection *** interfacial tension measurements show that adding a small fraction(1.5 wt%)of the tested surfactant(SOLOTERRA ME-6)achieved 9%of MMP reduction,while adding 20 wt%of CO_(2) to the methane yields 13%of MMP ***,the coreflooding results highlight the significance of achieving miscibility during gas injection,as the ultimate recovery factor increased from 65.5%under immiscible conditions to 77.2%using chemical-assisted methane,and to 79%using gas mixture after achieving near miscible *** results demonstrate the promising potential of the MMP reduction to signifi-cantly increase the oil recovery factor during gas ***,these results will likely expand the application envelop of the miscible gas injection,in addition to the environmental benefits of utilizing the produced gas by re-injection/recycling instead of flaring which contributes to reducing the greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： Gas injection Enhanced oil recovery Miscibility Coreflooding

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Recent Progress of the Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) Mission

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空间科学学报 2024年第4期44卷 692-698页

作者： WANG Chi ESCOUBET Philippe FORSYTH colin LI Jing AGNOLON david State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 European Space Agency/European Space Research and Technology Centre Noordwijk 2201 AZ Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonLondon RH56 NT

The SMILE(Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)mission is a joint space science mission between the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and the European Space Agency(ESA),aiming to understand the interaction of the solar wind with the Earth’s magnetosphere in a global *** of May 2024,the SMILE mission is in phase-d with an expected launch date of September *** report summarizes developments in the mission during the past two years.

关键词： SMILE Soft X-ray Imager Ultra-Violet Imager Light Ion Analyzer Magnetometer

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Assessment of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection for drought tolerance in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 20-38页

作者： Akmaral Baidyussen Gulmira Khassanova Maral Utebayev Satyvaldy Jatayev Rystay Kushanova Sholpan Khalbayeva Aigul Amangeldiyeva Raushan Yerzhebayeva KulpashBulatova Carly Schramm Peter Anderson colin L.d.Jenkins Kathleen LSoole Yuri Shavrukov Faculty of Agronomy S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research UniversityAstana 010000Kazakhstan A.I.Barayev Research and Production Centre of Grain Farming Shortandy 021601Kazakhstan Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing AlmalybakAlmaty District 040909Kazakhstan College of Science and Engineering Biological SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia

This review updates the present status of the field of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection(MAS),using the example of drought tolerance in *** accuracy of selected quantitative trait loci(QTLs),candidate genes and suggested markers was assessed in the barley genome *** common strategies are described for molecular marker development,candidate gene identification and verification,and their possible applications in MAS to improve the grain yield and yield components in barley under drought *** strategies are based on the following five principles:(1)Molecular markers are designated as genomic‘tags’,and their‘prediction’is strongly dependent on their distance from a candidate gene on genetic or physical maps;(2)plants react differently under favourable and stressful conditions or depending on their stage of development;(3)each candidate gene must be verified by confirming its expression in the relevant conditions,e.g.,drought;(4)the molecular marker identified must be validated for MAS for tolerance to drought stress and improved grain yield;and(5)the small number of molecular markers realized for MAS in breeding,from among the many studies targeting candidate genes,can be explained by the complex nature of drought stress,and multiple stress-responsive genes in each barley genotype that are expressed differentially depending on many other factors.

关键词： barley candidate genes drought tolerance gene verification via expression grain yield marker-assisted selection(MAS) molecular markers quantitative trait loci(QTLs) strategy for MAS

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A decade of innovation to deepen the understanding of infectious diseases of poverty and foster their control and elimination

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 1-4页

作者： dirk Engels Sheng‑lan Tang colin dbutler Ayoade MJOduola Tania Cde Araujo‑Jorge George FGao Jürg Utzinger Xiao‑Nong Zhou World Health Organization(Retired) GenevaSwitzerland duke University DurhamUSA Australia National University CanberraAustralia University of Ibadan Research Foundation University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroBrazil Chinese Acad‑emy of Sciences BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute AllschwilSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland National Institute of Parasitic diseases at Chinese Center for disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghaiPeo‑ple’s Republic of China One Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University The University of EdinburghShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China

Exactly 10 years ago,on 25 October 2012,a group of scientists,policy-makers,and practitioners undertook an ambitious project to launch a new open-access journal,named Infectious diseases of Poverty[1].The idea had originated from a think-tank put forth by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical diseases(TdR),an organisation co-sponsored by the United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF),the United Nations development Programme(UNdP),the World Bank,and the World Health Organization(WHO).Indeed,this think-tank published a comprehensive Global Report for Research on Infectious diseases of Poverty[2]that guided the scope and remit of Infectious diseases of Poverty.

关键词： UNICEF elimination originated

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Subsequent total joint arthroplasty: Are we learning from the first stage?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 230-237页

作者： Christine Jiang Wu colin Penrose Sean Patrick Ryan Michael Paul Bolognesi Thorsten Markus Seyler Samuel Secord Wellman department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States department of Orthopaedic Surgery Midwest Center for Joint ReplacementIndianapolisIN 46241United States

BACKGROUNd With the increasing incidence of total joint arthroplasty(TJA),there is a desire to reduce peri-operative complications and resource *** degenerative conditions progress in multiple joints,many patients undergo multiple *** To determine if both physicians and patients learn from the patient’s initial arth-roplasty,resulting in improved outcomes following the second *** The institutional database was retrospectively queried for primary total hip arth-roplasty(THA)and total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Patients with only unilateral THA or TKA,and patients undergoing same-day bilateral TJA,were *** demographics,comorbidities,and implant sizes were collected at the time of each procedure and patients were stratified by first vs second *** metrics evaluated included operative time,length of stay(LOS),disposition,90-d readmissions and emergency department(Ed)*** A total of 642 patients,including 364 undergoing staged bilateral TKA and 278 undergoing bilateral THA,were *** was no significant difference in demographics or comorbidities between the first and second procedure,which were separated by a mean of 285 *** THA and TKA,LOS was significantly less for the second surgery,with 66%of patients having a shorter hospitalization(Pd significantly decreased operative time only when the same sized implant was utilized(P=0.025).The vast majority(93.3%)of patients were discharged to the same type of location following their second ***,when a change in disposition was present from the first surgery,patients were significantly more likely to be discharged to home after the second procedure(P=0.033).There was no difference between procedures for post-operative readmissions(P=0.438)or Ed visits(P=0.915).CONCLUSION After gaining valuable experience recovering from the initial surgery,a patient’s perioperative outcomes are improved for their second *** may

关键词： Staged total joint arthroplasty Asynchronous total joint arthroplasty Subsequent total joint arthroplasty Contralateral total joint arthroplasty Perioperative outcomes

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Comparative Study of Neurosurgical Complications of Thalassemia and Sickle Cell disease

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第3期14卷 190-202页

作者： Léon Boukassa didace Massamba Miabaou Hugues Brieux Ekouélé Mbaki Sinclair Brice Kinata Bambino Olivier Brice Ngackosso Rel Boukaka Kala Gédéon colin Thouassa Ruth Ibara Wamé department of Neurosurgery Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo department of General Surgery Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Sickle cell disease and thalassemia are the most frequent hemoglobinopathies. during their evolution, they present certain complications, among which are two neurosurgical emergencies, namely spontaneous cranial epidural hematoma and non traumatic radiculo-medullary compression, with some particularities for each. Method: In order to highlight these particularities, we compared the characteristics of these two complications, from a number of publications reported between 2000 and 2021. Results: Sickle cell disease was complicated by spontaneous cranial epidural hematoma. Forty-two cases were reported, the mean age was 14.7 years (2 - 21 years) and the sex ratio was 6.4. The clinical presentation combined, in a non-traumatic context, signs of intracranial hypertension with those of neurological focalization. Neuroimaging showed epidural-type collection, often frontal and parietal in location. The incriminating mechanisms were ischemia, hemorrhage and extra medullary hematopoiesis. The treatment was surgical. Non traumatic radiculo-medullary was the complication of thalassemia. Of the 77 cases reported, the mean age was 27.5 years (9 - 66 years) and the sex ratio was 4.1. The lesions were epidural with a clear thoracic predominance and resulted from extra marrow hematopoiesis. Treatment included: hypertransfusion, radiotherapy, hydroxyurea and surgery. Vital and functional prognosis were globally satisfactory when the management was rapid. Conclusion: Cranial and spinal epidural lesions, respective complications of sickle cell disease and thalassemia, result from similar mechanisms. Their prognosis depends on the rapidity of management. .

关键词： Hemoglobinopathy Sickle Cell disease Thalassemia Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma Extra Marrow Hematopoiesis Slow Marrow Compression

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Localization and the possible role of plasminogen activators and inhibitors in early stages of placentation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第22期45卷 2056-2062页

作者： Ockleford colin d department of Pre-Clinical Sciences University of LeicesterLeicester LEI 9HNUK

The distribution of mRNAs of tissue type (t) and urokinase type (u) plasminogen activator (PA) plus their corresponding inhibitors, type-1 (PAI-1) and type-2 (PAI-2) have been studied in the tissues of human first and second trimester placentae by in situ hybridization. The results show that: (i) All the molecules, tPA, uPA, PAI-1 and PAI-2, were identified in the blood vessels, the majority of extravillous trophoblastic cells of the decidual layer between Rohr’s and Nitabuch’s stria and in the trophoblast cells lining the chorionic plate, basal plate, intercotyledonary septae and cytotrophoblast cells of the chorionic villous tree. (ii) No expression of such probes was observed in the basal and chorionic plate, glandular cells of the decidua, the septal tissues or the villous core mesenchyme. The co-distribution of the molecules observed suggests that the co-ordinated expression of the activators and inhibitors in various cells of the placental tissue may play a role in angiogenesis related to

关键词： plasminogen activator plasminogen activator inhibitor placentation angiogenesis in situ hybridization.

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Localization and possible role of membrane type metallo-proteinase and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 in early stages of placentation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第16期45卷 1484-1489页

作者： Ockleford colin d. department of Pre-Clinical Sciences University of LeicesterLeicester LEI 7RHUK

Human placental tissues from the first and second trimesters of gestation have been investigated using riboprobe in situ hybridisation of mRNA sequences coding for membrane type metalloproteinase (MT-1-MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). Results show that (i) both mRNAs express at a relatively high level in the chorion laeve trophoblast cells and the adjacent decidual cells of fetal membrane; (ii) the most abundant expression of the two mRNAs was found in the extravillous trophoblast between Rohrs and Nitabuch striae of basal plate, trophoblast shell and gland cells of the decidua; (iii) isolated or small groups of cytotrophoblast cells in the chorionic villi and in the cells lining arterioles in decidua and stem villi also expressed both MT-1-MMP and TIMP-1 at defferent extents. The data suggest that the coordinated expression of the MT-MMP and its inhibitor TIMP in defferent cells of the placental tissue may play an essential role in trophoblast invasion and angiogenesis

关键词： placenta trophoblast basal plate fetal membrane MT-l-MMP TIMP-1 in situ hybridization.

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