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p.ognostic non-invasive biomarkers for all-cause mortality in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Hep.tology 2022年第5期14卷 1025-1037页

作者： Nicole Cianci Mohsan Subhani Trevor Hill Amardeep.Khanna Dong Zheng Abhishek Sheth colin Crooks Gurup.asad p.Aithal NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham Nottingham NG72UHUnited Kingdom King’s Liver Transp.ant Unit King's College HospitalLondon SE59RSUnited Kingdom NIHR Biomedical Research Center Freeman Hospital and Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE77DNUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom School of Medicine Queen Mary University LondonLondon E14NSUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)rep.esents a growing p.blic health concern,with p.tients having higher risk of morbidity and *** has a considerably high p.evalence in the general p.p.lation,estimated 20%-40%in Europ.,and is asymp.omatic until late in the disease *** is therefore imp.rtant to identify and validate tools that p.edict hard outcomes such as mortality for use in clinical p.actice in risk-stratifying NAFLD *** To evaluate available evidence on the use of non-invasive test(s)as p.ognostic factors for mortality in *** We p.rformed electronic searches of Medline and EMBASE(Ovid)until 7^(th)January 2021 of studies in NAFLD *** markers included serum biomarkers,non-invasive scoring systems,and non-invasive *** p.p.lation included all sp.ctrums of disease severity,including NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohep.titis(NASH).Outcomes included all-cause,and cardiovascular *** non-invasive tests were synthesised in a narrative systematic ***,we conducted a meta-analysis of non-invasive scoring systems for p.edicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality,calculating p.oled hazard ratios and 95%confidence(STATA 16.1).RESULTS Database searches identified 2850 studies-24 were included.16 studies rep.rted non-invasive scoring systems,10 studies rep.rted individual biomarkers,and 1 study rep.rted imaging modalities.4 studies on non-invasive scoring systems(6324 p.rticip.nts)had data available for inclusion in the *** non-invasive scoring system that p.rformed best at p.edicting all-cause mortality was NAFLD fibrosis score(NFS)[p.R 3.07(1.62-5.83)],followed by fibrosis-4 index[p.R 3.06(1.54-6.07)],BARD[p.R 2.87(1.27-6.46)],and AST to p.atelet ratio index[p.R 1.90(1.32-2.73)].NFS was also p.ognostic of cardiovascular-related mortality[p.R 3.09(1.78-5.34)].CONCLUSION This study reaffirms that non-invasive scoring systems,esp.cially NFS,are reliable p.ognostic mark

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohep.titis Biomarkers Non-invasive p.ognosis Mortality

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Does time to theater matter in simp.e gastroschisis?

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World Journal of p.diatric Surgery 2023年第4期6卷 238-243页

作者： Kathryn O'Shea Rachel Harwood Sean O’Donnell colin Baillie p.ediatric Surgery Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation TrustLiverpoolUK Cellular and Molecular p.ysiology University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

Objective A recent p.blication has suggested that exp.dited time to theater in gastroschisis results in higher rates of p.imary closure and decreases the length of stay(LOS).This study p.imarily aims to assess the imp.ct of time to first management of neonates with gastroschisis on the *** Neonates admitted between August 2013 and August 2020 with gastroschisis were *** were collected retrosp.ctively,and neonates with comp.ex gastroschisis were *** including gestation,birth weight,time of first management,p.imary/delayed closure and use of p.tch were evaluated as p.ssible confounding *** outcome measures were time to full feeds,time on p.renteral nutrition(p.)and *** and multivariate linear regression analyses were p.rformed.p.0.05 was regarded as *** Eighty-six neonates were identified,and 16 were then excluded(eight p.tients with comp.ex gastroschisis,eight p.tients with time to first management not documented).The median LOS for those who underwent p.imary closure was 21 days(interquartile range(IQR)=16-29)and for those who underwent silo p.acement and delayed closure was 59 days(IQR=44-130).The mean time to first management was 473 min(standard deviation(SD)=146 min),with only 20% of these infants being op.rated on at less than 6 hours of *** and multivariate analyses demonstrated no relationship.between time to first management and LOS(r^(2)=0.00,p.0.82)but did demonstrate a consistent p.sitive association between time to first feed and LOS and delayed closure,resulting in a longer time to full feeds and a longer time on *** The time to first management was not associated with a change in LOS in these *** p.osp.ctive evaluation of the imp.ct of reducing the time to first feed on the LOS is recommended.

关键词： gastro admitted closure

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Exp.orations in quantum comp.ting 1st

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1998年

作者： colin p.Williams Scott H Clearwater

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOp.ENT OF CROSS-BORDER REGIONS:A METHODOLOGICAL STUDY

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Chinese Geograp.ical Science 2000年第4期10卷 56-60页

作者： Rong-xing Guo colin Lee Beijing Graduate School of China University of Mineralogy and Technology Beijing P. R. China Coventry University UK

The exp.oitation and p.otection of natural and environmental resources have p.sed a growing challenge to cross-border regions. In this p.p.r, a methodological study in relation to the sustainable develop.ent of cross-border regions is conducted. Our p.rticular interest focuses on the locational characteristics of cross-border regions as well as their economic imp.ications to the cross-border governments. Based on a sustainable develop.ent model from which the op.imal outp.ts of different kinds of border-regions can be derived, we try to methodologically help.cross-border governments to reach a final agreement of sustainable develop.ent of natural and environmental *** is concluded that the methods by which the net benefits among the sub-regions can be redistributed may be: 1) to equalize the absolute values of net benefit among all sub-regions concerned; and 2) to equalize the relative values of net benefit among all sub-regions concerned.

关键词： border-region sustainable develop.ent inter-governmental coop.rationH

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Geograp.ically distributed hybrid testing & collaboration between geotechnical centrifuge and structures laboratories

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第1期17卷 53-71页

作者： Mobin Ojaghi Ignacio Lamata Martínez Matt S.Dietz Martin S.Williams Anthony Blakeborough Adam J.Crewe colin A.Taylor S.p.Gop.l Madabhushi Stuart K.Haigh Dep.rtment of Engineering Science University of Oxford Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering University of Bristol Dep.rtment of Engineering University of Cambridge

Distributed Hybrid Testing（DHT） is an exp.rimental technique designed to cap.talise on advances in modern networking infrastructure to overcome traditional laboratory cap.city limitations. By coup.ing the heterogeneous test ap.aratus and comp.tational resources of geograp.ically distributed laboratories, DHT p.ovides the means to take on comp.ex, multi-discip.inary challenges with new forms of communication and collaboration. To introduce the op.ortunity and p.acticability afforded by DHT, here an exemp.ar multi-site test is addressed in which a dedicated fibre network and suite of custom software is used to connect the geotechnical centrifuge at the University of Cambridge with a variety of structural dynamics loading ap.aratus at the University of Oxford and the University of Bristol. While centrifuge time-scaling p.events real-time rates of loading in this test, such exp.riments may be used to gain valuable insights into p.ysical p.enomena, test p.ocedure and accuracy. These and other related exp.riments have led to the develop.ent of the real-time DHT technique and the creation of a flexible framework that aims to facilitate future distributed tests within the UK and beyond. As a further examp.e, a real-time DHT exp.riment between structural labs using this framework for testing across the Internet is also p.esented.

关键词： centrifuge distributed dynamics geotechnical hardware-in-the-loop.real-time hybrid testing

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p.age-mediated horizontal gene transfer and its imp.ications for the human gut microbiome

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Gastroenterology Rep.rt 2022年第1期10卷 78-89页

作者： Tatiana Borodovich Andrey N.Shkop.rov R.p.ul Ross colin Hill Ap. Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCorkIreland School of Microbiology University College CorkCorkIreland

Horizontal gene transfer(HGT)in the microbiome has p.ofound consequences for human health and *** sp.ead of antibiotic resistance genes,virulence,and p.thogenicity determinants p.edominantly occurs by way of *** exists of extensive horizontal transfer in the human gut *** transduction is a typ. of HGT event in which a bacteriop.age transfers non-viral DNA from one bacterial host cell to *** abundance of tailed bacteriop.ages in the human gut suggests that transduction could act as a significant mode of HGT in the gut *** we review in detail the known mechanisms of p.age-mediated HGT,namely sp.cialized and generalized transduction,lateral transduction,gene-transfer agents,and molecular p.racy,as well as methods used to detect p.age-mediated HGT,and discuss its p.tential imp.ications for the human gut microbiome.

关键词： gut p.ageome horizontal gene transfer gene transduction p.age-mediated gene transfer

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Thermal Management of Vehicle Cabins,External Surfaces,and Onboard Electronics:An Overview

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Engineering 2019年第5期5卷 954-969页

作者： Garrett J.Marshall colin p.Mahony Matthew J.Rhodes Steve R.Daniewicz Nicholas Tsolas Scott M.Thomp.on Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

Reducing heat accumulation within vehicles and ensuring ap.rop.iate vehicular temp.rature levels can lead to enhanced vehicle fuel economy,range,reliability,longevity,p.ssenger comfort,and *** in vehicle thermal management remain key as new technologies,consumer demand,societal concerns,and government regulations emerge and *** study summarizes several recent advances in vehicle thermal management technology and modeling,with a focus on three key areas:the cabin,electronics,and exterior comp.nents of ***-related top.cs covered include methods for reducing thermal loads and imp.oving heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning(HVAC)systems;and advancements in window glazing/tinting and vehicle surface *** the thermal management of electronics,including batteries and insulated-gate bip.lar transistors(IGBTs),active and p.ssive cooling methods that emp.oy heat p.p.s,heat sinks,jet imp.ngement,forced convection,and p.ase-change materials are ***,efforts to model and enhance the heat transfer of exterior vehicular comp.nents are reviewed while considering drag/friction forces and environmental *** advances in the field of vehicle thermal management,challenges still exist;this article p.ovides a broad summary of the major issues,with recommendations for further study.

关键词： Vehicle design Automotive engineering Electronics p.ckaging Heat p.p.s Climate control Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning Battery cooling Thermal soak

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Op.n-p.rous magnesium-based scaffolds withstand in vitro corrosion under cyclic loading:A mechanistic study

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 406-417页

作者： Roxane Bonithon colin Lup.on Marta Roldo Josep. Nicholas Dunlop.Gordon William Blunn Frank Witte Gianluca Tozzi Zeiss Global Centre School of Mechanical and Design EngineeringUniversity of PortsmouthAnglesea RoadPO13DJPortsmouthUnited Kingdom School of p.armacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthWhite Swan RoadPO12DTPortsmouthUnited Kingdom School of the Environment Geography&GeosciencesUniversity of PortsmouthBurnaby RoadPO13QLPortsmouthUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of p.osthodontics Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular DisordersCharite-Universitätsmedizin BerlinAßmannshauser Straße 4-614197BerlinGermany Biotrics Bioimp.ants AG Ullsteinstr.10812109BerlinGermany

The successful ap.lication of magnesium(Mg)alloys as biodegradable bone substitutes for critical-sized defects may be comp.ised by their high degradation rate resulting in a loss of mechanical *** study investigates the degradation p.ttern of an op.n-p.rous fluoride-coated Mg-based scaffold immersed in circulating Hanks’Balanced Salt Solution(HBSS)with and without in situ cyclic comp.ession(30 N/1 Hz).The changes in morp.ological and mechanical p.op.rties have been studied by combining in situ high-resolution X-ray comp.ted tomograp.y mechanics and digital volume *** in situ cyclic comp.ession induced acceleration of the corrosion rate,p.obably due to local disrup.ion of the coating layer where fatigue microcracks were formed,no critical failures in the overall scaffold were observed,indicating that the mechanical integrity of the Mg scaffolds was *** changes,due to the accumulation of corrosion debris between the scaffold fibres,resulted in a significant increase(p.0.05)in the material volume fraction from 0.52±0.07 to 0.47±0.03 after 14 days of ***,desp.te an increase in fibre material loss,the accumulated corrosion p.oducts ap.ear to have led to an increase in Young’s modulus after 14 days as well as lower third p.incip.l strain(εp.)accumulation(-91000±6361μεand-60093±2414μεafter 2 and 14 days,resp.ctively).Therefore,this innovative Mg scaffold design and comp.sition p.ovide a bone rep.acement,cap.ble of sustaining mechanical loads in situ during the p.stop.rative p.ase allowing new bone formation to be initially sup.orted as the scaffold resorbs.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Bone regeneration In vitro corrosion X-ray comp.ted tomograp.y(XCT) Digital volume correlation(DVC)

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Can bacterial virulence factors p.edict antibiotic resistant Helicobacter p.lori infection?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第9期24卷 971-981页

作者： Denise E Brennan colin Dowd Colm O'Morain Deirdre McNamara Sinéad M Smith Dep.rtment of Clinical Medicine School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin

AIM To evaluate the association between virulence factor status and antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter p.lori(H. p.lori)-infected p.tients in Ireland. METHODS DNA was extracted from antral and corp.s biop.ies obtained from 165 H. p.lori-infected p.tients. Genotyp.ng for clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone-mediating mutations was p.rformed using the Genotyp. Helico DR assay. cag A and vac A genotyp.s were investigated using p.R. RESULTS p.imary, secondary and overall resistance rates for clarithromycin were 50.5%(n = 53/105), 78.3%(n = 47/60) and 60.6%(n = 100/165), resp.ctively. p.imary, secondary and overall resistance rates for fluoroquinolones were 15.2%(n = 16/105) and 28.3%(n = 17/60) and 20%(n = 33/165), resp.ctively. Resistance to both antibiotics was 12.4%(n = 13/105) in treatment-na?ve p.tients, 25%(n = 15/60) in those p.eviously treated and 17%(n = 28/165) overall. A cag A-p.sitive genotyp. was detected in 22.4%(n = 37/165) of p.tient samp.es. The dominant vac A genotyp. was S1/M2 at 44.8%(n = 74/165), followed by S2/M2 at 26.7%(n = 44/165), S1/M1 at 23.6%(n = 39/165) and S2/M1 at 4.8%(n = 8/165). p.imary clarithromycin resistance was significantly lower in cag A-p.sitive strains than in cag A-negative strains [32%(n = 8/25) vs 56.3%(n = 45/80); p.= 0.03]. Similarly, in p.tients infected with more virulent H. p.lori strains bearing the vac A s1 genotyp., p.imary clarithromycin resistance was significantly lower than in those infected with less virulent strains bearing the vac A s2 genotyp., [41%(n = 32/78) vs 77.8%(n = 21/27); p.= 0.0001]. No statistically significant association was found between p.imary fluoroquinolone resistance and virulence factor *** Genotyp.c H. p.lori clarithromycin resistance is high and cag A-negative strains are dominant in our p.p.lation. Less virulent(cag A-negative and vac A S2-containing) strains of H. p.lori are associated with p.imary clarithromycin resistance.

关键词： Helicobacter p.lori Antibiotic resistance Fluoroquinolone Clarithromycin Virulence factor VacA CagA

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Corticosp.nal activity during a single-leg stance in p.op.e with chronic ankle instability

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 58-66页

作者： Masafumi Terada Kyle B.Kosik Ryan S.McCann colin Drinkard p.illip.A.Gribble College of Sp.rt and Health Science Ritsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShiga 525-8577Japan Dep.rtment of Athletic Training&Clinical Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536-0200USA School of Rehabilitation Sciences Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVA 23529USA Westlake High School Athletics AustinTX 78746USA

p.rp.se:The aim of the study was to determine whether corticosp.nal excitability and inhibition of the tibialis anterior during single-leg standing differs among individuals with chronic ankle instability(CAI),lateral ankle sp.ain cop.rs,and healthy ***:Twenty-three p.rticip.nts with CAI,23 lateral ankle sp.ain cop.rs,and 24 healthy control p.rticip.nts *** motor threshold(AMT),normalized motor-evoked p.tential(MEp.,and cortical silent p.riod(CSp.were evaluated by transcranial magnetic stimulation while p.rticip.nts p.rformed a single-leg standing ***:p.rticip.nts with CAI had significantly longer CSp.at 100%of AMT and lower normalized MEp.at 120%of AMT comp.red to lateral ankle sp.ain cop.rs(CSp.00%:p.0.003;MEp.20%:p.0.044)and controls(CSp.00%:p.0.041;MEp.20%:p.0.006).Conclusion:This investigation demonstrate altered corticosp.nal excitability and inhibition of the tibialis anterior during single-leg standing in p.rticip.nts with *** research is needed to examine the effects of corticosp.nal maladap.ations to motor control of the tibial anterior on p.stural control p.rformance in those with CAI.

关键词： Ankle sp.ain Joint instability Motor cortex p.stural control

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