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Biochar application to temperate grasslands:challenges and opportunities for delivering multiple ecosystem services

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 574-584页

作者： Robert W.Brown David R.chadwick Tom Bott Helen M.West Paul Wilson Genevieve R.Hodgins colin E.Snape Davey L.Jones School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorLL572UWGwyneddUK School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLoughboroughLE125RDUK Department of chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamJubilee CampusNottinghamNG72TUUK centre for Sustainable Farming Systems Food Futures InstituteSoilsWestMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia

Grasslands(natural,semi-natural and improved)occupy approximately one-third of the terrestrial biosphere and are key for global ecosystem service provision,storing up to 30%of soil organic carbon(SOc).To date,most research on soil carbon(c)sequestration has focused on croplands where the levels of native soil organic matter(SOM)are typically low and significant potential exists to replenish SOM ***,with the renewed push to achieve“net zero”c emissions by 2050,grasslands may offer an additional c store,utilising tools such as ***,we critically evaluate the potential for biochar as a technology for increasing grassland c stocks,identifying a number of practical,economic,social and legislative challenges that need to be addressed before the widescale adoption of biochar may be *** critically assess the current knowledge within the field of grassland biochar research in the context of ecosystem service provision and provide opinions on the applicability of biochar as an amendment to different types of grassland(improved,semi-improved and unimproved)and the potential effect on ecosystem provision using a range of application techniques in the topsoil and *** concluded that the key question remains,is it possible for managed grasslands to store more c,without causing a loss in additional ecosystem services?To address this question future research must take a more multidisciplinary and holistic approach when evaluating the potential role of biochar at sequestering c in grasslands to mitigate climate change.

关键词： Pastureland carbon storage Greenhouse gas emissions Offsetting

Fundamentals of audio production /

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以β-淀粉样蛋白为靶标的藏药对阿尔采末病Tg2576转基因鼠学习记忆的影响

2008年

作者： Drew O. McDaniel Rick c. Shriver Kenneth R. collins.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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中国药理学通报 2009年第6期25卷 720-724页

作者：朱爱琴褚以德 LI Qiao-xin colin L Masters 青海省人民医院老年病研究所青海西宁810007 澳大利亚墨尔本大学精神研究中心

目的探讨藏药七十味珍珠丸(RNSP)以β-淀粉样蛋白为靶标对阿尔采末病(AD)动物模型学习记忆作用的机制。方法25只13～14mon♀Tg2576转基因鼠和同龄♀c57BL/6XDBA鼠为正常对照组给予七十味珍珠丸灌胃8wk。利用Y-迷宫明暗分辨学习和旷场实... 详细信息

目的探讨藏药七十味珍珠丸(RNSP)以β-淀粉样蛋白为靶标对阿尔采末病(AD)动物模型学习记忆作用的机制。方法25只13～14mon♀Tg2576转基因鼠和同龄♀c57BL/6XDBA鼠为正常对照组给予七十味珍珠丸灌胃8wk。利用Y-迷宫明暗分辨学习和旷场实验观察转基因鼠学习、记忆和行为学变化。蛋白免疫印迹法测定鼠血清β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)和β位点APP内切酶(BAcE-1)含量,免疫组织化学法观察Aβ在脑的表达。结果通过Y-迷宫测试,藏药Tg2576治疗组达标所需要的训练时间明显低于Tg2576对照组(PcE-1含量较对照组明显减低。RNSP能够明显减少大脑皮层和海马周围老年淀粉样斑块的数目和面积。结论藏药七十味珍珠丸改善Tg2576转基因鼠学习和空间记忆以及探索运动能力,减少焦虑状态等认知行为可能通过抑制BAcE-1(即β-分泌酶)的表达来减少老年斑和Aβ的生成而起作用的。

关键词：藏药七十味珍珠丸阿尔采末病 Tg2576转基因鼠 β-淀粉样蛋白 β位点APP内切酶 Y-迷宫明暗分辨学习和旷场实验

发生于年老者中的带状疱疹及其心血管并发症——从另一角度观察休眠期的病毒

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2007年第6期 22-23页

作者： collins T.c Habib G 杜媛

带状疱疹由潜伏的水痘带状疱疹病毒(VZV)复活所致。本文报道了2例急性/近期VZV病毒复活的病例,1例伴有近似于急性心肌梗死的胸膜心包炎,另1

关键词：带状疱疹缠腰火丹并发症并发病疾病心血管

ENHANcED TUMORIGENESIS BY SMALL, PROTRAcTED DOSES OF DENSELY IONIZING RADIATION

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chinese Medical Journal 1994年第6期 16-21页

作者： M.M. ElkindDepartment of Radiological Health Sciences, colorado State University, Fort collins, colorado 80523, U.S.A.

Starting with observations that were first published in 1982. a series of additional findings led to the discovery of an important property of eel's in late G2/ mitosis. In addition to being the most sensitive to killing, cells in this age-interval were also shown to be the most sensitive to radiation-induced neoplastic transformation. In this work, c3H mouse cells, designated 10T1 / 2, were irradiated with fission-spectrum neutrons and assayed in vitro via the endpoint focus formation on a monolayer of normal cells. From these observations, a biophysical model was developed to explain the anomalous finding that the frequency of transformation by low doses was enhanced when the exposure was protracted. In contrast to transformation by X- and 7-rays where repair and kinetics during exposure play dominant roles, with radiations like reactor neutrons and a-particles repair has a minimal effect; only cell kinetics acts significantly to modify transformation due to protracted doses. In this report, the lack of responsiveness of mitotic cells to promotion by the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate is shown further to agree with the findings with fission-neutrons and the model that, at low dose rate, enhanced transformation is due principally to the progression of cells into the window of sensitivity. Implications of this model for lung cancer due to environmental radon are also discussed.

关键词： Res rate ENHANcED TUMORIGENESIS BY SMALL PROTRAcTED DOSES OF DENSELY IONIZING RADIATION 口口 TPA

Highly insulating alkane rings with destructive σ-interference

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Science china chemistry 2022年第9期65卷 1822-1828页

作者： Jingyao Ye Alaa Al-Jobory Qian-chong Zhang Wenqiang cao Abdullah Alshehab Kai Qu Turki Alotaibi Hang chen Junyang Liu Ali K.Ismael Zhong-Ning chen colin J.Lambert Wenjing Hong State Key Laboratory of Physical chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Department of Physics Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YBUK State Key Laboratory of Structural chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Department of Physics College of Education for Pure ScienceTikrit UniversityTikritIraq Department of Physics College of ScienceUniversity of AnbarAnbarIraq School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech UniversityShanghai 201210China Department of Physics College of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityAlAhsaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceJouf UniversitySkakaSaudi Arabia

Destructive quantum interference(DQI)provides a unique approach to controlling the leakage current in the OFF state of molecular ***,the DQI in π-conjugated molecular building blocks cannot exhibit ultralow conductance due to the existence of covalently bonded σ-transport ***,suppressing the σ-contribution via σ-DQI is essential for the fabrication of molecular junctions with high insulation and effective modulation of conductance in single-molecule ***,we demonstrate the existence of σ-DQI even in a simple series of c_(m)c_(n) ring molecules,with parallel chains of m and n alkyl units(where m,n=6,8 or 10),by measuring their electrical conductance and Seebeck ***,the conductance of the symmetric c_(n)c_(n) rings is lower than that of the corresponding single chains(c_(n)),which is in contrast to the conductance superposition law in multi-channeled *** theoretical calculations reveal that the gauche conformation in a shorter chain fixed by another chain leads to the decreased conductance in alkyl rings,which originates from the phase-coherent tunneling and DQI in σ-conjugated *** finding suggests that through appropriate conformation locking by cyclization,the covalent alkane system can exhibit DQI,which offers strategies for future designs of molecular electronic devices and materials.

关键词： destructiveσ-interference charge transport single-molecule electronics insulating material alkane ring

Otolaryngology residency program factors associated with female resident representation

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 7-11页

作者： Julia E.canick James c.campbell charles R.Woodard Lars J.Grimm Alissa M.collins Duke University School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Head and Neck Surgery&communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Radiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Objective:Female representation in the field of otolaryngology is *** is the first point at which medical school graduates specialize in a chosen field and thus represents an opportunity to recruit and train more female *** study sought to identify program factors associated with greater female representation among resident ***:Departmental websites of all 124 otolaryngology residency programs in the United States and Puerto Rico were examined for a list of *** programs with a resident roster available,the genders of residents,faculty,program directors,and chairpersons were *** and city population for each program was also recorded,as was female resident *** were compared using Pearson chi‐squared univariate ***:1,632 residents and 2,605 faculty were included in the analysis of 109 *** median female resident representation was 40%.Programs with larger faculty sizes,more female faculty,and urban location were associated with an above‐median female resident *** with a larger residency cohort approached significance regarding above‐median female resident *** female faculty representation,program director gender,chairperson gender,and US region were not associated with variation in female resident ***:Greater female otolaryngology residency representation was associated with programs having an urban location and greater numbers of female and total *** was also likely that a larger resident cohort size may affect female resident *** proportions of female faculty,program director,and chairperson gender,as well as the US region,were not associated with variation in female resident gender representation.

关键词： gender program director recruitment residency training