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Insect Science 2011年第3期18卷 249-258页

作者： Tjeerd A.L. Snoeren colette broekgaarden Marcel Dicke Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen UniversityWageningen University and Research Centre 6708PB Wageningen the Netherlands Plant Research International Wageningen University and Research Centre 6708PB Wageningen the Netherlands

The jasmonic acid （JA） pathway is the main signal-transduction pathway induced by insect folivory. Mutant plants affected in the jasmonate pathway （18：0 and/or 16：0-oxylipin routes） were studied to assess the effects of JA and its oxylipin intermediates 12-oxophytodienoic acid （OPDA） and dinor-OPDA （dnOPDA） on interconnected signal- transduction pathways that underlie induced defenses in Arabidopsis. Our data show that the oxylipin jasmonates dnOPDA, OPDA and JA have different roles in defense signaling induced after feeding by the chewing-biting caterpillar Pieris rapae. Jasmonic acid, and not OPDA or dnOPDA, is the major signaling compound required for the induction of the defense-related genes LOX2 （Lipo：~vgenase 2）, OPR3 （12-Oxophytodienoate reductase 3）, ACX1 （Acyl-CoA oxidase 1） and PAL1 （Phenvlalanine ammonia-lyase 1）. Monitoring PAL1 transcript levels clearly showed that accumulation of JA upon P rapae feeding results in the induction of the salicylic acid pathway. Furthermore, JA is the major signaling compound required for the P rapae-induced expression of the defense-related gene HPL1 （Hydroperoxide lyase 1）. The jasmonate dnOPDA influences the induction of the HPk- branch as well, yet its effect is antagonistic to the effect of JA. Our data show that these jasmonates may be used to fine-tune Arabidopsis＇ herbivore-induced responses in terms of the HPL-branch from the oxylipin pathway.

关键词： gene transcript level herbivory Lepidoptera mutants oxylipin qRT-PCR

Molecular therapy for hepatic injury and fibrosis:Where are we?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第4期12卷 509-515页

作者： colette C Prosser Roy D Yen Jan Wu Transplant Research Institute University of California Davis Medical Center Sacramento CA United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY United States

Hepatic fibrosis is a wound healing response, involving pathways of inflammation and fibrogenesis. In response to various insults, such as alcohol, ischemia, viral agents, and medications or hepatotoxins, hepatocyte damage will cause the release of cytokines and other soluble factors by Kupffer cells and other cell types in the liver. These factors lead to activation of hepatic stellate cells, which synthesize large amounts of extracellular matrix components. With chronic injury and fibrosis, liver architecture and metabolism are disrupted, eventually manifesting as cirrhosis and its complications. In addition to eliminating etiology, such as antiviral therapy and pharmacological intervention, it is encouraging that novel strategies are being developed to directly address hepatic injury and fibrosis at the subcellular and molecular levels. With improvement in understanding these mechanisms and pathways, key steps in injury, signaling, activation, and gene expression are being targeted by molecular modalities and other molecular or gene therapy approaches. This article intends to provide an update in terms of the current status of molecular therapy for hepatic injury and fibrosis and how far we are from clinical utilization of these new therapeutic modalities.

关键词： Fibrosis Gene therapy Hepatic stellate cell Hepatocyte Injury

Transcriptional responses of brassica nigra to feeding by specialist insects of different feeding guilds

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Insect Science 2011年第3期18卷 259-272页

作者： colette broekgaarden Roeland E. Voorrips Marcel Dicke ben Vosman Wageningen UR Plant breeding Plant Research International B.V. Wageningen Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University Wageningen the Netherlands

Plants show phenotypic changes when challenged with herbivorous insects. The mechanisms underlying these changes include the activation of transcriptional responses, which are dependent on the attacking insect. Most transcriptomic studies on crucifer-insect interactions have focused on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a species that faces low herbivore pressure in nature. Here, we study the transcriptional responses of plants from a wild black mustard （brassica nigra） population to herbivores of different feeding guilds using an A. thaliana-based whole-genome microarray that has previously been shown to be suitable for transcriptomic analyses in brassica. Transcriptional responses of b. nigra after infestation with either Pieris rapae caterpillars or brevicoryne brassicae aphids are analyzed and compared. Additionally, the insect-induced expression changes of some individual genes are analyzed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results show that feeding by both insect species results in the accumulation of transcripts encoding proteins involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species, defensive proteins and glucosinolates and this is correlated with experimental evidence in the literature on such biochemical effects. Although genes encoding proteins involved in similar processes are regulated by both insects, there was little overlap in the induction or repression of individual genes. Furthermore, P. rapae and b. brassicae seem to affect different phytohormone signaling pathways. In conclusion, our results indicate that b. nigra activates several defense-related genes in response to P rapae or b. brassicae feeding, but that the response is dependent on the attacking insect species.

关键词： brassica nigra brevicoryne brassicae direct defense microarray Pieris rapae

Optimum chemotherapy in the management of metastatic pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2352-2357页

作者： Marwan Ghosn Hampig Raphael Kourie Fadi El Karak colette Hanna Joelle Antoun Dolly Nasr Department of Oncology Faculty of Medicine Saint Joseph University Beirut 166830 Lebanon

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating solid tumors, and it remains one of the most difficult to treat. The treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC) is systemic, based on chemotherapy or best supportive care, depending on the performance status of the patient. Two chemotherapeutical regimens have produced substantial benefits in the treatment of MPC: gemcitabine in 1997; and FOLFIRIONOX in 2011. FOLFIRINOX improved the natural history of MPC, with overall survival (OS) of 11.1 mo. Nab-paclitaxel associated with gemcitabine is a newly approved regimen for MPC, with a median OS of 8.6 mo. Despite multiple trials, this targeted therapy was not efficient in the treatment of MPC. Many new molecules targeting the proliferation and survival pathways, immune response, oncofetal signaling and the epigenetic changes are currently undergoing phase I and II trials for the treatment of MPC, with many promising results.

关键词： Metastatic pancreatic cancer Chemotherapy Evolution Recent therapies Targeted therapy

From Suffering to Satisfaction in Method Acting

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2012年第9期2卷 853-863页

作者： Michele Vettorazzo colette Colligan Two Sigma Investments LLC New York City USA Simon Fraser University Vancouver Canada

We analyze the success of Konstantin Stanislavski＇s method of emotion memory in Western acting schools. We propose a path that, counter-intuitively, connects the emotional distress related to this method with an attachment to it. A chain of psychological steps explains this dynamic： the delegation of power from the actor to the director, emotional suffering during the training, rise of feelings within the dyad, and eventually rise of satisfaction. Our argument draws especially on interdisciplinary research on athlete-coach relationships in sports psychology while also suggesting wider application to educational psychology and psychotherapy.

关键词： Konstantin Stanislavski emotion memory method acting actor-director dyads psychology andpedagogy

Where does chemotherapy stands in the treatment of ampullary carcinoma? A review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第10期8卷 745-750页

作者： Marwan Ghosn Hampig Raphael Kourie Elie El Rassy Fady Ghassan Haddad colette Hanna Fadi El Karak Dolly Nasr Department of Oncology Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph University Department of Oncology Jules Bordet InstituteFree University of Brussels (ULB) Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph University

Ampullary carcinoma(AC) is a rare gastrointestinal tumor without clear treatment *** management of this tumor is usually extrapolated from the treatment of pancreatic,biliary duct and intestinal *** papers have studied the AC as an independent entity and yet succombs to several *** studies were retrospective single institutional experiences with limited sample sizes recruited over a long period of *** metastatic ACs where chemotherapy is the only recommended option,localized AC once excised may be approached by either chemotherapy alone or concomitant chemoradiation *** this review,we report the overall survival and recurrence factors of more than 1000 patients from all the studies treating exclusively *** also review the medical treatment of this tumor and conclude to the necessity of multi-institutional randomized controlled studies for AC exclusively.

关键词： Ampullary cancer Prognostic factors Treatment Review Novel therapies

Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Middle-Aged Population of Pakistan and Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第6期4卷 396-407页

作者： Rashid M. Ansari John b. Dixon colette J. browning Department of General Practice School of Primary Health Care Monash University Melbourne Australia

This research protocol design is aimed at exploring the qualitative health research in self-management of Type 2 diabetes and patient’s perceptions and experiences of undertaking physical activity and eating behaviour as part of their diabetes self-management. In addition, the study would analyze how the health issue related to diabetes is viewed and addressed in the community (Pakistan and Saudi Arabia) and would use the concepts of socio-ecological approach to self-management of Type 2 diabetes and explore the factors affecting the self-management practices in these countries. The other objective of this protocol is to examine the role of physical inactivity and obesity in the development of Type 2 diabetes and its self-management in middle-aged population living in rural area of Pakistan and to evaluate a lifestyle intervention (Physical Activity and Diet) in the management of Type 2 diabetes. The brief review conducted in this protocol design will identify the potential areas of health care which need attention including the overall functioning of community healthcare clinics to diabetes care in terms of recognizing the symptoms of diabetes to early detection and diagnosis, easy access to community doctors. This review will impress upon the need to recognize that in developing strategies and interventions to address diabetes, self-care, family support, community education and community ownership are important and it will be demonstrated by the comparison of two culturally diversified populations of Pakistan and Saudi Arabia in relation to the self-management of Type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Physical Activity Diet Lifestyle Intervention

Quantitative resistance against bemisia tabaci in Solanum pennellii:Genetics and metabolomics

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2016年第4期58卷 397-412页

作者： Floor van den Oever-van den Elsen Alejandro F.Lucatti Sjaak van Heusden colette broekgaarden Roland Mumm Marcel Dicke ben Vosman Wageningen UR Plant breeding Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 3866700AJWageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AAWageningenThe Netherlands Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Plant Research International Business Unit BioscienceWageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AA WageningenThe Netherlands

The whitefly bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous *** accessions of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards b. tabaci. A mapping approach was used to elucidate the genetic background of whiteflyresistance related traits and associated biochemical traits in this species. Minor quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for whitefly adult survival（AS） and oviposition rate（OR） were identified and some were confirmed in an F2bC1 population, where they showed increased percentages of explained variance（more than 30%）. bulked segregant analyses on pools of whiteflyresistant and-susceptible F2 plants enabled the identification of metabolites that correlate either with resistance or susceptibility. Genetic mapping of these metabolites showed that a large number of them co-localize with whiteflyresistance QTLs. Some of these whitefly-resistance QTLs are hotspots for metabolite QTLs. Although a large number of metabolite QTLs correlated to whitefly resistance or susceptibility, most of them are yet unknown compounds and further studies are needed to identify the metabolic pathways and genes involved. The results indicate a direct genetic correlation between biochemical-based resistance characteristics and reduced whitefly incidence in S. pennellii.

关键词： Genetic linkage map life-history metabolic fingerprinting parameters tomato whitefly

Systematic Review of Diabetes Self-Management: Focusing on the Middle-Aged Population of Pakistan and Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第2期5卷 47-60页

作者： Rashid M. Ansari John b. Dixon colette J. browning Department of General Practice School of Primary Health Care MONASH University Melbourne Australia

The aim is to synthesize the most contemporary qualitative research on the self-management of type 2 diabetes with specific interest in the population of Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. The electronic databases searched include the Cochrane library, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMbASE and PsycINFO, between the year 1993 and 2013. The inclusion criteria was the middle-aged population aged 40 - 60 years. Studies must report qualitative research on diabetes self-management, diabetic complications, quality of life, and patient-doctor relationship or interaction. Out of the 36 identified studies, 30 studies from the literature search representing self-management in context suggest that the multiple contextual factors identified are the fertile ground for further research, and the context which is useful for health care professionals suggests that coping with diagnosis and living with diabetes are affected by a complex constellation of factors, including life circumstances, social support, gender roles and economy. Three conceptual themes were identified from the analysis. The review has revealed that there is a lack of studies in literature on self-management of type 2 diabetes in both the countries.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Evidence-based Analysis Socio-Ecological Approach Semi-Structured Qualitative Interviews Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes

Estrogens, inflammation and obesity： an overview

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Frontiers in biology 2012年第1期7卷 40-47页

作者： colette N. MILLER Lynda M. bROWN Srujana RAYALAM Mary Anne DELLA-FER Clifton A. bAILE Department of Foods and Nutrition University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro NC 27401 USA Department of Animal andDairy Science University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Emerging research has suggested that inflammatory stress may play a role in the development of *** the leptin and insulin receptor are sensitive to intracellular inflammatory signaling that can be stimulated through toll-like receptor 4 activation by saturated fat. Pharmacological intervention within this cascade often protects animals from becoming obese, thus highlighting inflammatory pathways as a possible site of study in the prevention of pathologic weight gain. It has been well established in animal models that females display a marked reduction in the susceptibility to weight gain on high-fat diets compared to males. In addition, it has been widely accepted that females are partially protected from inflammatory-related diseases. At the molecular level, this reduction in disease susceptibility has been suggested to be due to the anti-inflammatory properties of 17 β-estradiol. Through direct free radical scavenging, transcriptional regulation, and protein interactions, chronic exposure to estradiol can reduce systemic inflammatory stress. As the knowledge base continues to grow on the etiology of obesity, further research is needed on the precise molecular pathways that can be inhibited by estradiol. Understanding of such pathways may provide a basis for the future use of estrogen and its related compounds （daidzein, genistein, resveratrol） to prevent weight gain in peri- and post-menopausal females.

关键词： inflammation obesity sex differences estrogen high fat diets phytoestrogens