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Epidemiology of shoulder dislocations presenting to United States emergency departments:An updated ten-year study

World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第9期14卷 690-697页

作者： cole m patrick Josiah Snowden michael D Eckhoff Clare K Green John P Scanaliato John C Dunn Nata Parnes Department of Orthopaedics William Beaumont Army Medical CenterFort BlissTX 79918United States Burnett School of medicine Texas Christian UniversityFort WorthTX 76129United States School of medicine and Health Sciences George Washington UniversityWashingtonWA 20052United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Carthage Area HospitalCarthageNY 13619United States

BACKGROUND Glenohumeral dislocation is a common injury that may predispose patients to chronic pain and ***,there is a paucity of current data available regarding the epidemiological trends of this *** To provide an updated,comparative assessment of the epidemiology of shoulder dislocations presenting to emergency departments in the United *** also sought to analyze patient demographic risk factors and consumer products associated with dislocation *** Data were obtained from the national electronic injury surveillance system database for glenohumeral dislocations between 2012 and ***,age,sex,and injury characteristics were analyzed using weighted population statistics as well as incidence rates and 95%confidence intervals(CI).RESULTS In total,an estimated 773039 shoulder dislocations(CI:640598-905481)presented to emergency rooms across the United States during the study *** annual incidence rate was 23.96 per 100000 persons and the average patient age at the time of injury was 37.1 *** more male patients sustained dislocations than female patients(537189,69.5%,vs 235834,30.5%,Pmer products,sports and recreation equipment were involved in the highest proportion of incidents(44.31%),followed by home structures and construction materials(21.22%),and home furnishings,fixtures,and accessories(21.21%).Regarding product sub-groups,stairs,ramps,landings,floors was cited in the greatest number of cases(131745).CONCLUSION The national annual incidence rate of glenohumeral dislocations throughout the study period was approximately 23.92 per 100000 *** adolescents sustained the highest proportion of dislocations,with a peak incidence in age group 15-20 years,predominantly secondary to participation in sporting and recreational ***,women experienced a relatively consistent incidence of dislocation throughout their *** age 63,the i

关键词： Shoulder dislocation Epidemiology United States Emergency department Glenohumeral dislocation national electronic injury surveillance system

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magnetic and superconducting phase diagrams and transition temperatures predicted using text mining and machine learning

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npj Computational materials 2020年第1期6卷 1521-1529页

作者： Callum J.Court Jacqueline m.cole Cavendish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeJ.J.Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK ISIS Neutron and muon Source STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshire OX110QXUK Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass AvenueArgonneIL 60439USA Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgeWest Cambridge SitePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30FSUK

Predicting the properties of materials prior to their synthesis is of great importance in materials *** and superconducting materials exhibit a number of unique properties that make them useful in a wide variety of applications,including solid oxide fuel cells,solid-state refrigerants,photon detectors and metrology *** all these applications,phase transitions play an important role in determining the feasibility of the materials in ***,we present a pipeline for fully integrating data extracted from the scientific literature into machine-learning tools for property prediction and materials *** advanced natural language processing(NLP)and machine-learning techniques,we successfully reconstruct the phase diagrams of well-known magnetic and superconducting compounds,and demonstrate that it is possible to predict the phase-transition temperatures of compounds not present in the *** provide the tool as an online open-source platform,forming the basis for further research into magnetic and superconducting materials discovery for potential device applications.

关键词： phase transition superconducting

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Forgotten node:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第39期15卷 4974-4975页

作者： patrick m Fratellone melissa A Holowecki Fratellone medical Associates

Sister mary Joseph nodule or node refers to a palpable nodule bulging into the umbilicus and is usually a result of a malignant cancer in the pelvis or *** it has been considered a sign of ominous *** malignancies,most commonly gastric,colon and pancreatic cancer account for about 52% of the underlying *** cancers,most commonly ovarian and uterine cancers account for about 28% of the sources.

关键词： Umbilical node Sister mary Joseph node Gastroenterology Gastric malignancies Endometriosis

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Solvent Extraction Developments in Southern Africa

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第2期11卷 153-159页

作者： Peter m. cole Kathryn C. Sole Angus m. Feather matomo Projects (Pty) Ltd. Johannesburg South Africa Anglo American Research Laboratories Johannesburg South Africa Cognis Corporation Johannesburg South Africa

The largest solvent-extraction plant in the world at the time, the Nchanga Copper Operation, was in Zambia. The first commercial process using solvent extraction for the refining of the platinum-group metals was in South Africa. more recently, the Southern African region has seen the implementation of solvent extraction for other base metals, precious metals, and specialty metals. These include the world firsts of primary production of zinc at Skorpion Zinc in Namibia and the large-scale refining of gold by Harmony Gold in South Africa. Several other flowsheets that use solvent-extraction technology are currently under commissioning, development, or feasibility study for implementation in this part of the world, including those for the recovery of copper, cobalt, nickel, tantalum, and niobium.

关键词： solvent extraction zinc recovery gold refining copper cobalt nickel

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Local and range-wide distribution of song types suggest Ovenbirds(Seiurus aurocapilla)have song neighborhoods but not macro-dialects

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 191-199页

作者： patrick m.Jagielski Jennifer R.Foote Department of Biology Algoma UniversitySault Ste.MarieONCanada

The song systems of oscine passerines(songbirds)are complex and *** songs are used for both mate attraction and territory defense and are therefore important signals for survival and reproduction,comprehensive knowledge of within and among species song structure and distribution is informative for understanding the evolution of song repertoires and vocal *** this study,we explored variation in the song structure of the Ovenbird(Seiurus aurocapilla),a widespread warbler(Family Parulidae)found in North American *** analyzed recordings from the 2021 breeding season to assess song type variation at a local(n=158 birds;Sault ***,ON)and breeding range scale(n=512 birds;eBird).We characterized the local song types and tested whether Ovenbirds share song types with their neighbors more often than expected by *** then characterized song types of Ovenbirds across the breeding range to determine whether any geographic pattern of song clustering exists(i.e.,macro-dialects).We found 10 distinct song types and some evidence for song type clustering at the local study site(i.e.,song neighborhoods).We found 7 of those 10 song types throughout the breeding range and identified an additional 24 types that were not recorded in our local *** found no evidence for song dialects across the Ovenbird breeding *** study contributes to our understanding of Ovenbird song while simultaneously adding to our understanding of geographic structuring of warbler *** work contributes to delineating a more comprehensive understanding of factors affecting dialect development for this diverse group of songbirds.

关键词： Dialects eBird Geographic variation Ovenbird Parulidae Seiurus aurocapilla Song type

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A review of hydrogen technologies and engineering solutions for railway vehicle design and operations

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第3期29卷 212-232页

作者： Yan Sun m.Anwar N.m.S.Hassan maksym Spiryagin Colin cole Centre for Railway Engineering Central Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLDAustralia

Interest in hydrogen-powered rail vehicles has gradually increased worldwide over recent decades due to the global pressure on reduction in greenhouse gas emissions,technology availability,and multiple options of power *** the past,research and development have been primarily focusing on light rail and regional trains,but the interest in hydrogen-powered freight and heavy haul trains is also *** review shows that some technical feasibility has been demonstrated from the research and experiments on proof-of-concept *** rail vehicles powered by hydrogen either are currently operating or are the subject of experimental *** paper identifies that fuel cell technology is well developed and has obvious application in providing electrical traction power,while hydrogen combustion in traditional IC engines and gas turbines is not yet well *** need for on-board energy storage is discussed along with the benefits of energy management and control systems.

关键词： Hydrogen Fuel cells Hybrid power Rail vehicles Greenhouse gas emissions

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease:Evidence for an Autoimmune Component

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2009年第2期6卷 81-86页

作者： Anna m. Stefanska patrick T. Walsh School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity College Dublin Immunology Research Centre School of Biochemistry and Immunology Biotechnology Building Trinity College Dublin

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is characterized by an irreversible limitation on pulmonary airflow associated with chronic inflammation and mucous hypersecretion （chronic bronchitis） and/or the pathological destruction of alveolar airspaces leading to emphysema. COPD, predominantly as a result of tobacco smoke exposure, represents the fourth leading cause of mortality worldwide and its prevalence is increasing. Despite this, much of the basic mechanisms which contribute to disease progression remain to be elucidated and current therapeutic approaches are, for the most part, based upon alleviating patient symptoms （bronchodilators） as opposed to treating the underlying pathological mechanisms triggered in response to cigarette smoke exposure. The classic disease paradigm suggests that an imbalance of pulmonary matrix proteases versus anti-proteases underlies the tissue destruction and inflammation associated with COPD. However, there is a growing appreciation of the complex and multifaceted nature of the pathological mechanisms associated with disease progression. Recently, there has been mounting evidence indicating that COPD patients exhibit many of the characteristics of a classical autoimmune response. We will discuss current evidence in support of this paradigm and outline how future therapeutic approaches may be tailored to address this.

关键词： COPD autoimmunity emphysema Th 1 Th 17

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A direct solver with O（N） complexity for integral equations on one-dimensional domains

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Frontiers of mathematics in China 2012年第2期7卷 217-247页

作者： Adrianna GILLmAN patrick m. YOUNG Per-Gunnar mARTINSSON Department of Applied mathematics University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO 80309-0526 USA

An algorithm for the direct inversion of the linear systems arising from NystrSm discretization of integral equations on one-dimensional domains is described. The method typically has O（N） complexity when applied to boundary integral equations （BIEs） in the plane with non-oscillatory kernels such as those associated with the Laplace and Stokes＇ equations. The scaling coefficient suppressed by the ＂big-O＂ notation depends logarithraically on the requested accuracy. The method can also be applied to BIEs with oscillatory kernels such as those associated with the Helmholtz and time-harmonic maxwell equations; it is efficient at long and intermediate wave-lengths, but will eventually become prohibitively slow as the wave-length decreases. To achieve linear complexity, rank： deficiencies in the off-diagonal blocks of the coefficient matrix are exploited. The technique is conceptually related to the H- and H2-matrix arithmetic of Hackbusch and coworkers, and is closely related to previous work on Hierarchically Semi-Separable matrices.

关键词： Direct solver integral equation fast direct solver boundary value problem boundary integral equation hierarchically semi-separable matrix mSC 65R20,65F05

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Importance of being Nernst: Synaptic activity and functional relevance in stem cell-derived neurons

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第6期7卷 899-921页

作者： Aaron B Bradford patrick m mcNutt Cell/molecular Biology Branch US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical DefenseAberdeen Proving Grounds-EAMD 21010United States

Functional synaptogenesis and network emergence are signature endpoints of neurogenesis. These behaviors provide higher-order confirmation that biochemical and cellular processes necessary for neurotransmitter release, post-synaptic detection and network propagationof neuronal activity have been properly expressed and coordinated among cells. The development of synaptic neurotransmission can therefore be considered a defining property of neurons. Although dissociated primary neuron cultures readily form functioning synapses and network behaviors in vitro, continuously cultured neurogenic cell lines have historically failed to meet these criteria. Therefore, in vitro-derived neuron models that develop synaptic transmission are critically needed for a wide array of studies, including molecular neuroscience, developmental neurogenesis, disease research and neurotoxicology. Over the last decade, neurons derived from various stem cell lines have shown varying ability to develop into functionally mature neurons. In this review, we will discuss the neurogenic potential of various stem cells populations, addressing strengths and weaknesses of each, with particular attention to the emergence of functional behaviors. We will propose methods to functionally characterize new stem cell-derived neuron(SCN) platforms to improve their reliability as physiological relevant models. Finally, we will review how synaptically active SCNs can be applied to accelerate research in a variety of areas. Ultimately, emphasizing the critical importance of synaptic activity and network responses as a marker of neuronal maturation is anticipated to result in in vitro findings that better translate to efficacious clinical treatments.

关键词： Synapses Neurotransmission In vitrotechniques Induced pluripotent stem cells Neuronalnetworks Neurogenesis Neural stem cells Embryonicstem cells Induced neurons

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Stroma-targeting strategies in pancreatic cancer:Past lessons,challenges and prospects

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第18期27卷 2105-2121页

作者： Faran Polani patrick m Grierson Kian-Huat Lim Division of Oncology Department of Internal MedicineBarnes-Jewish Hospital and The Alvin J.Siteman Comprehensive Cancer CenterWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMO 63110United States

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is projected to emerge as the second leading cause of cancer-related death after *** treatment resistance is perhaps the most significant factor that underlies the poor prognosis of *** date,combination chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for most PDAC *** to other cancer types,treatment response of PDAC tumors to similar chemotherapy regimens is clearly much lower and *** from typically harboring genetic alterations that to date remain undruggable and are drivers of treatment resistance,PDAC tumors are uniquely characterized by a densely fibrotic stroma that has well-established roles in promoting cancer progression and treatment ***,emerging evidence also suggests that indiscriminate targeting and near complete depletion of stroma may promote PDAC aggressiveness and lead to detrimental *** conflicting results undoubtedly warrant the need for a more in-depth understanding of the heterogeneity of tumor stroma in order to develop modulatory strategies in favor of tumor *** advent of novel techniques including single cell RNA sequencing and multiplex immunohistochemistry have further illuminated the complex heterogeneity of tumor cells,stromal fibroblasts,and immune *** new knowledge is instrumental for development of more refined therapeutic strategies that can ultimately defeat this ***,we provide a concise review on lessons learned from past stromatargeting strategies,new challenges revealed from recent preclinical and clinical studies,as well as new prospects in the treatment of PDAC.

关键词： Stroma Pancreatic cancer Treatment resistance Cancer-associated fibroblasts Clinical trials

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