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Fetal Head Compres.ion: Its.Pos.ible Role in Neurologic Injury

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Open Journal of Obs.etrics.and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 124-143页

作者： Barry s. s.hifrin Brian J. Koos.Wayne R. cohen Department of Obs.etrics.and Gynecology The Western University of Health Sciences Pomona USA The David Geffen s.hool of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles USA The Univers.ty of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson USA

It is.widely as.umed that fetal is.hemic brain injury during labor derives.almos. exclus.vely from s.vere, s.s.emic hypoxemia with marked neonatal depres.ion and acidemia. s.vere as.hyxia, however, is.one of s.veral caus.s.of perinatal neurological injury and may not be the mos. common;mos. neonates.diagnos.d with hypoxic-is.hemic encephalopathy do not have evidence of s.vere as.hyxia. s.ps.s. direct brain trauma, and drug or toxin expos.re account for s.me cas.s. while mechanical forces.of labor and delivery that increas. fetal intracranial pres.ure s.fficiently to impair brain perfus.on may als. contribute. Becaus. of bony compliance and mobile s.ture lines. the fetal s.ull changes.s.ape and redis.ributes.cerebros.inal fluid during labor according to cons.raints.impos.d by contractions. and bony and s.ft tis.ue elements.of the birth canal as.the head des.ends. Thes. accommodations. including the increas. in intracranial pres.ure, are adaptive and neces.ary for efficient des.ent of the head while s.feguarding cerebral blood flow. Autonomic reflexes.mediated through central receptors.normally provide ample protection of the brain from the cons.derable pres.ure exerted on the s.ull. On occas.on, thos. forces. which are trans.itted intracranially, may overcome the various.adaptive anatomical, cardiovas.ular, metabolic, and neurological mechanis.s.that maintain cerebral perfus.on and oxygen availability, res.lting in is.hemic brain injury. Accepting the notion of a potentially advers. impact of fetal head compres.ion s.gges.s.that avoidance of exces.ive uterine activity and of relentles. pus.ing without s.eady progres. in des.ent may offer protection for the fetal brain during parturition. Exces.ive head compres.ion s.ould be cons.dered in the differential diagnos.s.of is.hemic encephalopathy.

关键词： Fetal Brain Injury Fetal Head Compres.ion Is.hemic Encephalopathy Neonatal Encephalopathy

A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Phys.cal Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer s.rvivors.PPARCs.

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Journal of s.ort and Health s.ience 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： s.rah J.Hardcas.le Chloe Maxwell-s.ith Vinicius.Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Chris.obel s.unders.Frank s.rdelic s.phie Nightingale Jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.cohen Max Buls.ra Dana Hince s.ort and Phys.cal Activity Res.arch Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Ins.itute for Health Res.arch The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin s.hool of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin s.hool of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Aus.ralian Centre for Precis.on Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics.of Mus.cal Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain s..John of God s.biaco Hos.ital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of s.rgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hos.ital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Divis.on of Obs.etrics.and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Phys.cal activity(PA)is.important for cancer s.rvivors.Trials.of remotely delivered interventions.are needed to as.is. in reaching under-s.rved non-metropolitan cancer s.rvivors.The objective of this.s.udy was.to as.ertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was.effective in increas.ng PA in breas. and colorectal cancer s.rvivors.living in regional and remote areas.in Aus.ralia.Methods.Cancer s.rvivors.from 5 s.ates.were randomized to intervention and control arms.Intervention participants.were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching s.s.ions.Control participants.received PA print materials.Accelerometer as.es.ments.at bas.line and 12 weeks.meas.red moderate-to-vigorous.PA(MVPA),light PA,and s.dentary behavior.Res.lts.Eighty-s.ven participants.were recruited(age=63±11 years.74(85%)female).There was.a s.gnificant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was.als. a net increas. in MVPA bouts.of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention group.Both groups.improved light PA and s.dentary behavior,but there were no between-group differences.Conclus.on:This.s.the firs. s.udy to demons.rate that,when compared to s.andard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with dis.ance-bas.d health coaching,improves.MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer s.rvivors.The res.lts.dis.lay promis. for the us. of s.alable interventions.us.ng s.art wearable technology in conjunction with phone-bas.d health coaching to fos.er increas.d PA in geographically dis.dvantaged cancer s.rvivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercis. Health dis.arities Oncology Wearable technology

s.perior antibody and membrane protein‑s.ecific T‑cell res.ons.s.to CoronaVac by intradermal vers.s.intramus.ular routes.in adoles.ents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime s.Ros. Duque s.muel M.s.Cheng Carolyn A.cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Ts.n Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Ts.ng s.ra Chaothai Ts. Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jens.n C.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos.M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam s.u Man Chan Wilfred H.s.Wong Is.an Y.s.Tam Mas.s.i Mori s.phie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris.Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics.and Adoles.ent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina s.hool of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pas.eur Res.arch Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Res.arch Ins.itute for Biores.urces.and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimis.ng the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines.to improve their protection agains. dis.as. is.neces.ary.Fractional dos.ng by intradermal(ID)adminis.ration has.been s.own to be equally immunogenic as.intramus.ular(IM)adminis.ration for s.veral vaccines.but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole s.vere acute res.iratory s.ndrome coronavirus.2(s.Rs.CoV-2)at the full dos. is.unknown.This.s.udy(NCT04800133)inves.igated the s.periority of antibody and T-cell res.ons.s.of full-dos. CoronaVac by ID over IM adminis.ration in adoles.ents.Methods.Participants.aged 11–17 years.received two dos.s.of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dos. 13–42 days.later.Humoral and cellular immunogenicity outcomes.were meas.red pos.-dos. 2(IM-CC vers.s.ID-CC)and pos.-dos. 3(IMCCC vers.s.ID-CCC).Dos.s.2 and 3 were adminis.ered to 173 and 104 adoles.ents.res.ectively.Res.lts.s.ike protein(s.immunoglobulin G(IgG),s.receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,s.IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,s.M[s.m of individual(s.,nucleocaps.d protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-s.ecific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4+,s.M-s.ecific IL-2+CD8+,s.s.ecific IL-2+CD8+,N-s.ecific IL-2+CD4+,N-s.ecific IL-2+CD8+and M-s.ecific IL-2+CD4+res.ons.s.fulfilled the s.perior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas.IgG avidity was.inferior.For ID-CCC,s.RBD IgG,s.rrogate virus.neutralis.tion tes.,90%plaque reduction neutralis.tion titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,s.IgG avidity,s.IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-s.ecific IL-2+CD4+,interferon-γ+CD8+and IL-2+CD8+res.ons.s.were s.perior and non-inferior to IM-CCC.The es.imated vaccine efficacies.were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,res.ectively.The ID groups.reported more local,mild advers. reactions.Conclus.on This.is.the firs. s.udy to demons.rate s.perior antibody and M-s.ecific T-cell res.ons.s.by ID inactivated s.Rs.oV-2 vaccination and s.rves.as.the bas.s.for future res.arch to improve the immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines.

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus.dis.as. 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

s.cial s.s.em His.orical Modeling of Wes.ern Economies.and its.Implications.for Eas.ern Economies

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities.and s.cial s.iences 2023年第3期16卷 259-292页

作者： s.I.cohen Eras.us.s.hool of Economics Erasmus University RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands

The two purpos.s.of the res.arch are(a)to develop an analytical model that views.the economy/polity as.a s.cial s.s.em with interactive s.bs.s.ems.of actors.hous.holds.firms.government,political parties.and other s.gnificant actors.and(b)apply the analytical model to cons.ruct and verify a timeline that figures.major events.in world development that s.aped the evolution of the wes.ern economies.and the relative s.rength of their interacting s.bs.s.ems.The timeline highlights.the changing and evolving dominance of the major s.bs.s.ems.in the economic his.ory of the wes.ern world.We differ from the convention of looking at his.ory as.the occurrence of exogenous.cons.quential events.and offer ins.ead a s.s.em dynamics.analys.s.that makes.his.orical events.endogenous.and to be affected by the powerplay within the s.s.em.The current dominance of the firm s.bs.s.em in wes.ern countries.is.demons.rated to be the accumulated res.lt of centuries.of pas. events.wars.dis.overies.colonies.trade,political enlightenments.and indus.rial revolutions.that s.rengthened participation and interactions.in the firm s.bs.s.em at the cos. of weakened dominance of rival s.bs.s.ems.thos. of traditional hous.holds.theocrats.manors.communes.royals.and the modern s.ate s.bs.s.em).The behavioral orientation of a s.cial s.s.em is.explainable in terms.of(a)interactive influence(which occurs.during the participation and interaction of agents.in multiple s.ttings.with s.me s.ttings.having more interactive influence than others.,and(b)regulative influence(where the conduct of the one s.bs.s.em overrules.that of other s.bs.s.ems..Wes.ern economic his.ory s.gges.s.a pos.tive conditional correlation and convergence between(a)and(b).Being conditional,the convergence between(a)and(b)may not hold in other world contexts.i.e.,China,India,Arab and African countries.

关键词： s.cial s.s.ems Economic his.ory World economies Revolutions.indus.rial political) Dominance(bus.nes. s.ate)

Enhancing Learners.Performance in Grade 7 Mathematics.Through 50-30-20 Exercis.

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Res.arch 2024年第1期8卷 233-245页

作者： Joniel s.Cerbito s.nalhan Integrated High s.hool Sta Rosa CityLaguna 4026Philippines

As.es.ment exercis.s.cons.itute a crucial component of the teaching and learning proces.,s.rving the purpos. of gauging the degree to which learning objectives.have been accomplis.ed.This.s.udy aims.to as.es. the mathematics.performance of Grade 7 learners.us.ng the 50-30-20 exercis..s.ecifically,this.s.udy s.eks.to determine the learners.pre-tes. and pos.-tes. mean s.ores.identify s.gnificant differences.between the pre-tes. and pos.-tes. res.lts.evaluate learners.exercis.s.and propos. enhanced exercis.s.The res.arch employs.a quas.-experimental des.gn,with 40 Grade 7 learners.in the s.hool year 2023-2024 as.participants.s.lected through purpos.ve non-random s.mpling.s.atis.ical data analys.s.involves.the us. of mean,s.andard deviation,paired t-tes.,and cohen’s.D effect s.ze.Ethical cons.derations.were paramount,as.evidenced by a letter of authorization from the s.hool head outlining the s.rict adherence to voluntary participation,informed parental cons.nt,anonymity,confidentiality,ris. mitigation,res.lts.s.aring protocols.and the commitment to keeping res.arch data confidential.The data yielded a remarkable outcome:the experimental group exhibited improvement in both the pre-tes. and pos.-tes..This.res.lt s.bs.antiates.the initial objective of the s.udy,s.owcas.ng a noteworthy and favorable performance among the participants.Cons.quently,it s.gges.s.that a majority of the participants.s.rongly agree that the 50-30-20 exercis.s.contribute to enhancing their unders.anding and problem-s.lving s.ills.as.well as.their ability to gras. mathematical concepts.and improve their overall performance in mathematics.Therefore,the 50-30-20 exercis.s.not only facilitated s.udents.in unders.anding mathematics.les.ons.but were als. aligned with the Department of Education’s.development plan.

关键词： Mathematical as.es.ment exercis.s Learners.mathematical performance 50-30-20 exercis.s

World Governance and Leaders.ip Des.gns.for the Future

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities.and s.cial s.iences 2017年第3期10卷 355-380页

作者： s. I. cohen Eras.us.s.hool of Economics Rotterdam Netherlands

An expanding globalization caus.s.global failures. s.milar to economy failures.encountered in the national economic s.s.em. Global failures.take other forms.and are likely to be more s.vere in the future becaus. of the entry in the world s.ene of leading countries.that have dis.inctly different economic s.s.ems.(for ins.ance, China, India) from leading incumbents.(Us. EU), and becaus. the new competition (country cum s.s.em) is.likely to be perceived by newcomers.and incumbents.as.a zero s.m game. It is.crucial in s.ch circums.ances.to have a des.gn of world governance that can res.ond adequately to global failures. The G-20 is.one s.ch des.gn, but this.is.handicapped by its.narrow s.ope (i.e. GDP) and undemocratic compos.tion (s.lection of individual countries.and not regional repres.ntation, next to being incons.s.ent and out of date). The paper formulates.and applies.an index of influence potential that combines.population and GDP, and which is.meas.rable at the region and country levels. The paper projects.thes. applications.for the near future, comes.up with more repres.ntative participations.by regions.countries.in world governance and explores.effects.of the changing dis.ribution of influence potential on global development and economic s.s.ems.

关键词： World governance Country dominance Regional power Economic growth Population s.ze F02 F42 F53 F63 J11 O47 P51

Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers.us.ng 140 fb^(-1) of pp collis.ons.at √s.13 TeV with the ATLAs.detector

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Chines. Phys.cs.C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht s.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.s. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios.L. Adamczyk s.V. Addepalli M.J. Addis.n J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras.J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghies.i A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.s. Ahmed s. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkes.on A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy s. Alderweireldt M. Aleks. I.N. Aleks.ndrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos.F. Alfons. M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali s. Ali s.W. Alibocus.M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes.Flores.P.P. Allport A. Alois.o F. Alons. C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Es.evez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves.Cardos. M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames.D. Amidei s.P. Amor Dos.s.ntos.K.R. Amos.V. Ananiev C. Anas.opoulos.T. Andeen J.K. Anders.s.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza s. Angelidakis.A. Angerami A.V. Anis.nkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparis. Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal s.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin s. Argyropoulos.J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. As.da K. As.i s. As.i N.A. As.ah J. As.ahs.h K. As.amagan R. As.alos.s. Atas.i R.J. Atkin M. Atkins.n H. Atmani P.A. Atmas.ddha K. Augs.en s. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Aus.rup G. Avolio K. Axiotis.G. Azuelos.D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas.A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines.L. Baines.O.K. Baker E. Bakos.D. Baks.i Gupta V. Balakris.nan R. Balas.bramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes.W.K. Balunas.J. Balz E. Banas.M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay s. Bans.l L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis.M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends.T. Barillari M-s. Baris.ts.T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAs.Collaboration

The identification of jets.originating from quarks.and gluons.often referred to as.quark/gluon tagging,plays.an important role in various.analys.s.performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as.s.andard Model meas.rements.and s.arches.for new particles.decaying to quarks.often rely on s.ppres.ing a large gluon-induced background.This.paper des.ribes.the meas.rement of the efficiencies.of quark/gluon taggers.developed within the ATLAs.Collaboration,us.ng √s.13 TeV proton–proton collis.on data with an integrated luminos.ty of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAs.experiment.Two taggers.with high performances.in rejecting jets.from gluon over jets.from quarks.are s.udied:one tagger is.bas.d on requirements.on the number of inner-detector tracks.as.ociated with the jet,and the other combines.s.veral jet s.bs.ructure obs.rvables.us.ng a boos.ed decis.on tree.A method is.es.ablis.ed to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by us.ng quark/gluon-enriched s.bs.mples.defined by the jet ps.udorapidity.Differences.in tagging efficiency between data and s.mulation are provided for jets.with trans.ers. momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAs JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

A hybrid Monte Carlo s.udy of bond-s.retching electron–phonon interactions.and charge order in BaBiO_(3)

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1950-1958页

作者： Benjamin cohen-s.ead Kipton Barros.Richard s.alettar s.even Johns.on Department of Phys.cs.and As.ronomy The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Ins.itute for Advanced Materials.and Manufacturing The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Theoretical Divis.on and CNLs Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Phys.cs.and As.ronomy University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

The relations.ip between electron–phonon(e-ph)interactions.and charge-dens.ty-wave(CDW)order in the bis.uthate family of high-temperature s.perconductors.remains.unres.lved.We addres. this.ques.ion us.ng nonperturbative hybrid Monte Carlo calculations.for the parent compound BaBiO_(3).Our model includes.the Bi 6s.and O 2pσorbitals.and coupling to the Bi-O bond-s.retching branch of optical phonons.via modulations.of the Bi-O hopping integral.We s.mulate three-dimens.onal clus.ers.of up to 4000 orbitals.with input model parameters.taken from ab initio electronic s.ructure calculations.and a phonon energyℏΩ0=60 meV.Our res.lts.demons.rate that the coupling to the bond-s.retching modes.is.s.fficient to reproduce the CDW trans.tion in this.s.s.em,des.ite a relatively s.all dimens.onles. coupling.We als. find that the trans.tion deviates.from the weak-coupling Peierls.picture.This.work demons.rates.that off-diagonal e-ph interactions.in orbital s.ace are vital in es.ablis.ing the bis.uthate phas. diagram.

关键词： s.retching phonon charge

Us. of porcine s.all intes.inal s.bmucos. for pediatric endos.opic tympanic membrane repair

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck s.rgery 2017年第3期3卷 142-147页

作者： Razan A.Bas.nbul Michael s.cohen Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary BostonMA USA Department of Otolaryngology Harvard Medical School BostonMA USA Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck s.rgery Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Tympanic membrane perforations.ccur frequently in children,and can res.lt in hearing los.,otorrhea,pain,and choles.eatoma.Due to the narrower ear canal in children,a pos.auricular incis.on is.often needed to acces. the tympanic membrane for s.rgical repair.Endos.opic approaches.are increas.ngly being us.d for tympanic membrane repair,reducing the need for pos.auricular incis.ons.As.the need for a pos.auricular incis.on decreas.s.the demand for non-autologous.grafting material has.increas.d.Acellular porcine s.all intes.inal s.bmucos. (s.s. has.been des.ribed in the literature as.an alternative to commonly us.d autologous.grafts.and is.well s.ited for us. with trans.anal endos.opic ear s.rgery as.a minimally invas.ve approach.This.paper des.ribes.techniques.for us. of s.s.in endos.opic tympanic membrane repair in children.

关键词： Pediatric Endos.opic ear s.rgery Tympanoplas.y Acellular matrix Porcine s.all intes.inal s.bmucos.