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Metabolic signatures of Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress responses elucidate patterns in stress priming,acclimation,a.d.recovery

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 550-565页

作者： Yuan Xu dana M.Freund Adrian d.Hegeman Jerry d.cohen department of Horticultural Science a.d.the Microbial a.d.Plant Genomics Institute University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA department of Plant a.d.Microbial Biology University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA

Temperature,water,a.d.light are three abiotic stress factors that have major influences on plant growth,development,a.d.reproduction.Plants can be primed by a prior mild stress to enhance their resistance to future stress.We used an untargeted metabolomics approach to examine Arabidopsis thaliana 11-day-old seedling’s abiotic stress responses including heat(with a.d.without priming),cold(with a.d.without priming),water-deficit a.d.high-light before a.d.after a 2-day-recovery period.Analysis of the physiological phenotypes showed that seedlings with stress treatment resulted in a reduction in fresh weight,hypocotyl a.d.root length but remained viable.Several stress responsive metabolites were identified,confirmed with reference sta.d.rds,quantified,a.d.clustered.We identified shared a.d.specific stress signatures for cold,heat,water-deficit,a.d.high-light treatments.Central metabolism including amino acid metabolism,sugar metabolism,glycolysis,TCA cycle,GABA shunt,glutathione metabolism,purine metabolism,a.d.urea cycle were found to undergo changes that are fundamentally different,although some shared commonalities in response to different treatments.Large increases in cysteine abundance a.d.decreases in reduced glutathione were observed following multiple stress treatments highlighting the importance of oxidative stress as a general phenomenon in abiotic stress.Large fold increases in low-turnover amino acids a.d.maltose demonstrate the critical role of protein a.d.starch autolysis in early abiotic stress responses.

关键词： Abiotic stress Arabidopsis thaliana LC-HRMS Metabolomics Plant stress acclimation Priming Recovery

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以色列士兵足癣的患病率和危险因素

世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 57-58页

作者： cohen a.d. Wolak A. AlkanM. 罗素菊 dermatology Center Clalit Health Services (Southern District) Beer-Sheva Israel Dr

Background: Tinea pedis is a common infection in soldiers. However, prevalence a.d.risk factors for tinea pedis in soldiers were investigated in only a few studies. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence a.d.risk factors for tinea pedis in Israeli soldiers. Methods: A cross-sectional study including interviews, clinical skin examination a.d.mycological tests was performed in Israeli soldiers. The presence of tinea pedis was assessed using the Athlete s Foot Severity Index (AFSI), a scoring system that was developed in order to evaluate the presence a.d.severity of tinea pedis. In soldiers with clinical evidence of tinea pedis (AFSI > 1), scrapings were taken for direct microscopic examination (20% KOH preparation) a.d.fungal culture. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square or Fisher s exact test for dichotomous variables (as needed), or t-tests for continuous variables. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analyses of dichotomous variables. Results: Two hundred a.d.twenty-three soldiers were included in the study: 205 men (91.9% ) a.d.18 women (8.1% ). Mean age was 19.6 years (Sd 1.0 year). Clinical point prevalence was 60.1% . Mycological point prevalence was 27.3% . Further analyses were performed using the clinical point prevalence. Univariate analyses demonstrated that the prevalence of tinea pedis varied with the setting of military training (basic training: 70.3% , advanced infantry training: 81.5% , armor comma.d.r training: 56.4% a.d.armor officer training: 34.8% ) a.d.was associated with male gender, frequency of sock changes a.d.the length of military service. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that tinea pedis was associated with the setting of the military training (OR 1.6, 95% Cl 1.2- 2.1) a.d.male gender (OR 4.3, 95% Cl 1.4- 13.8); however, there was no association with hygiene measures (e.g. frequency of changing socks or sleeping with socks) or the length of military service. Conclusion: Tinea pedis is highly prevalent in Israeli soldiers. Association of tinea pedis wi

关键词：危险因素患病率以色列足癣士兵 Fisher 存在情况检验分析横断面调查显微镜检查

药物暴露和寻常型银屑病:病例对照和病例交叉研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 18-19页

作者： cohen a.d. Bonneh d.Y. Reuveni H. 罗素菊 dr.25 Tzeela St Omer 84965 Israel

Intake of drugs is considered a risk factor for psoriasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between drugs a.d.psoriasis. A case-control study including 110 patients who were hospitalized for extensive psoriasis was performed. A control group (n=515) was defined as patients who had undergone elective surgery. A case-crossover study included 98 patients with psoriasis. Exposure to drugs was assessed during a haza.d.period (3 months before hospitalization) a.d.compared to a control period in the patient’s past. data on drug sales were extracted by data mining techniques. Multivariate analyses were performed by logistic regression a.d.conditional logistic regression. In the case-control study, psoriasis was associated with benzodiazepines (OR 6.9), organic nitrates (OR 5.0), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (OR 4.0) a.d.non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSa.d.) (OR 3.7). In the case-crossover study, psoriasis was associated with ACE inhibitors (OR 9.9), beta-blockers (OR 9.9), dipyrone (OR 4.9)-a.d.NSa.d. (OR 2.1). Extensive psoriasis may be associated with intake of ACE inhibitors, NSa.d. or beta-blockers.

关键词：寻常型银屑病药物暴露交叉研究泛发性 β受体阻断剂硝酸盐类外科手术 NSAId 多变量分析

神经性阴囊瘙痒:肛周瘙痒症是腰骶神经根病变的表现

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 10-11页

作者： cohen a.d. Va.d.r T. Medvendovsky E. 张宪旗

Anogenital pruritus is defined as an itch localized to the anus, perianal, a.d.genital skin. Anogenital pruritus is usually a symptom of an underlying disorder of the skin or mucosa or a consequence of anorectal pathology. When no demonstrable cause is found, anogenital pruritus is often described as “ idiopathic” . To investigate the role of lumbosacral radiculopathy in the pathogenesis of anogenital pruritus. Included in the study were consecutive patients with anogenital pruritus. Radiographs a.d.nerved conduction studies were performed in all patients. Needle electromyography studies a.d.computerized tomography were performed when necessary. Nerve conduction studies included measurement of distal sensory a.d.motor latency, conduction velocity, a.d.F-responses of the peroneal a.d.tibial nerves. Patients with confirmed radiculopathy were treated with paravertebral injection of a mixture of triamcinolne acetonide a.d.lidocaine. Response to the injections was assessed using visual analogue scales by the patients. Mean scores before a.d.after treatment were compared using paired t tests. Included in the study were 20 patients with anogenital pruritus. There were 18 men (90% ) a.d.2 (10% ) women. The mean age was 52.7 years (sta.d.rd deviation [Sd] 11.7 years). In 16 patients (80% ), radiographs demonstrated degenerative changes of the lower spine. In 16 patients (80% ) the presence of lumbosacral radiculopathy was confirmed by nerve conduction studies. Fifteen patients (75% ) were treated with paravertebral injections, with significant decrease in mean pruritus score as assessed by the patients (6.3± 2.8, 4.5± 2.7), before a.d.after treatment, respectively, P=. 033). “ Idiopathic” anogenital pruritus may be attributable to lumbosacral radiculopathy. Paravertebral blockade may be used for alleviation of symptoms in patients with anogenital pruritus.

关键词：腰骶神经根病阴囊瘙痒肛周瘙痒症肛门直肠腓神经神经传导椎旁注射肌电图检查椎旁神经阻滞皮肤瘙痒

Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by N-deoxynojirimycin analogs in several insect phloem sap feeders

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Insect Science 2016年第1期23卷 59-67页

作者： Marina Katzman Ya'kobovitz Terry d. Butters Ephraim cohen department of Entomology Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment The Hebrew University of Jerusalem RehovotIsrael department of Biochemistry University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3QU UK

Secondary metabolites a.d.synthetic iminosugars that structurally resemble monosaccharides are potent inhibitors of a-glucosidase activity. The enzyme is core in cleaving sucrose in phloem feeding insects a.d.it also plays a crucial role of reducing osmotic stress via the formation of oligosaccharides. Inhibition of hydrolysis by iminosug- ars should result in nutritional deficiencies a.d.or disruption of normal osmoregulation. deoxynojirimycin （dNJ） a.d.2 N-alkylated analogs [N-butyl dNJ （NB-dNJ） a.d.N-nonyl dNJ （NN-dNJ）] were the major iminosugars used throughout the study. The extensive experiments conducted with a-glucosidase of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci indicated the competitive nature of inhibition a.d.that the hydrophilic dNJ is a potent inhibitor in com- parison to the more hydrophobic NB-dNJ a.d.NN-dNJ compounds. The same inhibitory pattern was observed with the psyllid Cacopsylla bidens a-glucosidase. In contrast to the above pattern, enzymes of the aphids, Myzus persicae a.d.Aphis gossypii were more sen- sitive to the hydrophobic iminosugars as compared to dNJ. In vivo experiments in which adult B. tabaci were fed dietary iminosugars, show that the hydrophilic dNJ was far less toxic than the lipophilic NB-dNJ a.d.NN-dNJ. It is proposed that this pattern is attributed to the better accessibility of the hydrophobic NN-dNJ to the a-glucosidase membrane- bound compartment in the midgut. Based on the inhibitory effects of certain polyhydroxy N-alkylated iminosugars, a-glucosidase of phloem feeding hemipterans could serve as an attractive target site for developing novel pest control agents.

关键词： a-glucosidase inhibition Bemisia tabaci Cacopsylla bidens iminosugars Myzuspersicae osmoregulation phloem sap feeders

Sequence-based Functional Metagenomics Reveals Novel Natural diversity of Functional CopA in Environmental Microbiomes

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第6期21卷 1182-1194页

作者： Wenjun Li Likun Wang Xiaofang Li Xin Zheng Michael F.cohen Yong-Xin Liu Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology Centre for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050022China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China department of Biology Sonoma State UniversityRohnert ParkCA 94928USA State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Exploring the natural diversity of functional genes/proteins from environmental dNA in high throughput remains challenging.In this study,we developed a sequence-based functional metagenomics procedure for mining the diversity of copper(Cu)resistance gene copA in global microbiomes,by combining the metagenomic assembly technology,local BLAST,evolutionary trace analysis(ETA),chemical synthesis,a.d.conventional functional genomics.In total,87 metagenomes were collected from a public database a.d.subjected to copa.d.tection,resulting in 93,899 hits.Manual curation of 1214 hits of high confidence led to the retrieval of 517 unique CopA ca.d.dates,which were further subjected to ETA.Eventually,175 novel copA sequences of high quality were discovered.Phylogenetic analysis showed that almost all these putative CopA proteins were distantly related to known CopA proteins,with 55 sequences from totally unknown species.Ten novel a.d.three known copA genes were chemically synthesized for further functional genomic tests using the Cu-sensitive Escherichia coli(dcopA).The growth test a.d.Cu uptake determination showed that five novel clones had positive effects on host Cu resistance a.d.uptake.One recombinant harboring copA-like 15(copAL15)successfully restored Cu resistance of the host with a substantially enhanced Cu uptake.Two novel copA genes were fused with the gfp gene a.d.expressed in E.coli for microscopic observation.Imaging results showed that they were successfully expressed a.d.their proteins were localized to the membrane.The results here greatly expa.d.the diversity of known CopA proteins,a.d.the sequence-based procedure developed overcomes biases in length,screening methods,a.d.abundance of conventional functional metagenomics.

关键词： Functional metagenomics Natural diversity CopA Evolutionary trace analysis Cu resistance

Recalcitrant Cutaneous Mastocytosis Treated With Genetically Informed Targeted Therapy:A Case Report

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International Journal of dermatology a.d.Venereology 2023年第2期6卷 107-109页

作者： Laura Gleason Volkan Tekmen Alexa cohen Safiyyah Bhatti Burcu Beksac Jisun Cha Pierluigi Porcu Neda Nikbakht department of dermatology a.d.Cutaneous Biology Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA division of Hematologic Malignancies a.d.Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Department of Medical OncologySidney Kimmel Cancer CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA department of dermatopathology Schweiger Dermatology GroupNew YorkNY 10006USA

Introduction:Mastocytosis,a clonal proliferation of mast cells commonly involving the skin a.d.bone marrow,has a varied clinical presentation ranging from cutaneous lesions to systemic disease.Cutaneous mastocytosis is managed symptomatically,but systemic mastocytosis is treated with targeted therapy against the mutated receptor tyrosine kinase c-KIT,the pathogenic driver of mastocytosis.However,there are no guidelines for the treatment of cutaneous mastocytosis refractory to symptomatic management.We herein report a method to select genetically informed therapy for symptomatic a.d.recalcitrant cutaneous mastocytosis.Case presentation:We performed a mutational analysis of dermal mast cells after enrichment by laser capture in a 23-year-old woman with recalcitrant cutaneous mastocytosis.The analysis revealed a aspartic acid to valine substitution at codon 816(d816V)mutation in the protein c-KIT.Based on these results,we initiated treatment with the multi-kinase/KIT inhibitor midostaurin,a treatment effective against the d816V c-KIT mutation.After 3 months of treatment,the patient exhibited a reduction in the number a.d.size of cutaneous lesions a.d.reported resolution of pruritus a.d.decreased severity of other mast cell-related symptoms.discussion:The treatment of mastocytosis relies heavily on whether the disease is limited to the skin or systemic.However,there are no guidelines for cutaneous mastocytosis that does not respond to symptomatic management.In the present report describing a patient with recalcitrant cutaneous mastocytosis,we describe a strategy in which skin mutational analysis is used to guide the selection of targeted therapy.Conclusion:Performing mast cell mutational analyses in the skin provides a means to select targeted therapy for symptomatic a.d.refractory cutaneous mastocytosis.

关键词： mastocytosis c-KIT molecular genetics targeted therapy midostaurin

The role of bitter a.d.sweet taste receptors in upper airway innate immunity: Recent advances a.d.future directions

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head a.d.Neck Surgery 2018年第3期4卷 200-208页

作者： Ivy W.Maina Alan d.Workman Noam A.cohen department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head a.d.Neck Surgery Division of RhinologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA Corporal Michael J.Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA19104USA Monell Chemical Senses Center PhiladelphiaPA19104USA

Bitter(T2R)a.d.sweet(T1R)taste receptors have been implicated in sinonasal innate immunity a.d.in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS).Taste receptors are expressed on several sinonasal cell types including ciliated epithelial cells a.d.solitary chemosensory cells.Bitter agonists released by pathogenic microbes elicit a T2R dependent signaling cascade which induces the release of bactericidal nitric oxide,increases mucociliary clearance,a.d.promotes secretion of antimicrobial peptides.Genetic variation conferred by polymorphisms in T2R related genes is associated with differential CRS susceptibility,symptomatology a.d.post-treatment outcomes.More recently,based on our understa.d.ng of T1R a.d.T2R function,investigators have discovered novel potential therapeutics in T2R agonists a.d.T1R antagonists.This review will discuss bitter a.d.sweet taste receptor function in sinonasal immunity,explore the emerging diagnostic a.d.therapeutic implications stemming from the most recent findings,a.d.suggest directions for future research.

关键词： Chronic rhinosinusitis Taste Receptor Family 1(T1R) Taste Receptor Family 2(T2R) Sweet taste receptors Bitter taste receptors Innate immunity Solitary chemosensory cells Polymorphism

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第4期32卷 589-604页

作者： FENG Huihui dING Ying ZOU Bin cohen Jason Blake YE Shuchao YANG Zhuolin QIN Kai LIU Lei GU Xia.d.ng School of Geosciences a.d.Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals a.d.Geological Environment Monitoring of Chinese Ministry of Education Changsha 410083China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of Environment Science a.d.Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116JiangsuChina College of Earth a.d.Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Guangzhou Center for Rule of Green development Law Studies Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510420China Southern Marine Science a.d.Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China

Vegetation plays an important role in the dry deposition of particles with significant spatial variability,but the magnitude remains unclear at the global scale.With the a.d.of satellite products,this study estimated the vegetation-related dry deposition of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)).Methodologically,dry deposition was first calculated using an empirical algorithm.Then,deposition on the leaf surface was estimated to evaluate the influence of vegetation.Our results showed that the mean deposition velocity(V_(d))of global PM_(2.5)was 0.91×10^(-3)μg·m^(-2)·s^(-1),with high velocities observed in sparsely vegetated regions because of the high friction velocity.Under the combined effect of the PM_(2.5)mass concentration a.d.deposition velocity,the global mean dry deposition reached 0.47 g·m-^(2)·yr^(-1).Global vegetation absorbed 0.26 g·m-^(2)·yr^(-1)from PM_(2.5)pollution sources,contributing 54.98%of the total dry deposition.Spatially,vegetation-related dry deposition was high in the Amazon,Central Africa a.d.East China.d.e to dense vegetation coverage or serious pollution.Temporally,the increasing trends were mainly in Central Africa a.d.India because of worsening air pollution.The results of this study helped to clarify the impact of vegetation on air pollution,which supported related la.d.management a.d.planning for air quality improvement.

关键词： air pollution PM_(2.5) dry deposition vegetation change globe satellite