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Recovery of Scenic Beauty of a Lake in Urban Park from Environmental Diagnosis and Implantation of Mitigating Measures

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第5期11卷 595-605页

作者： Joã o Alexandre Saviolo Osti clovis ferreira do carmo Marcos Cerqueira Maria Teresa Duarte Giamas Ana Carolina Peixoto Cacilda Thais Janson Cacilda Thais Janson Pesquisador Associado ao Instituto de Pesca S&#227 o Paulo Brasil Professor Colaborador à Universidade Brasil Fernand&#243 polis Brasil Centro de Pesquisa em Recursos Hí dricos Instituto de Pesca APTA-SAA S&#227 o Paulo Brasil Pesquisador Cientí fico do Instituto de Pesca S&#227 o Paulo Brasil Aluna PIBIC de Iniciaç o Cientí fica do Instituto de Pesca S&#227 o Paulo Brasil

The city of S?o Paulo, state of S?o Paulo/Brazil, with about 12 million inhabitants is considered the largest city in Latin America. Just as in other large metropolises it is devoid of green areas, in this way it is of great socio-environmental importance of the preservation and maintenance of parks and green areas of the municipality. The Fernando Costa Park, known as the Parque da água Branca, is an urban park located in the central region of the Municipality of S?o Paulo, and has more than 79 thousand m2 of green area, in a total area of 137 thousand m2. Two lakes, populated predominantly with carp, are inserted in the Park, and are important components of the urban landscape and the patrimony of the city, present landscape function (scenic beauty) and are used to contemplate the environment and leisure of the population. The lakes due to the intense eutrophication process with uncontrolled growth of the phytoplankton presented blue-green coloration, with formations of lumps and foams, low transparency, bad smell and unpleasant visual aspect impairing the visitation of this place. In the first stage of the present research, an environmental diagnosis was carried out and the second stage involved elaboration and implementation of mitigating measures aiming at its restoration. The recovery proposal included the implementation of Artificial Floating Islands (IFAs) aiming at pollution control. After 60 days, it was possible to observe the efficiency of the Eichhornia crassipes populated islands showing that the methodology of phytoremediation was efficient in controlling the eutrophication of urban lakes, guaranteeing the recovery and conservation of the scenic beauty of these places.

关键词： Water Quality Eutrophication Pollution Landscape Ecology

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Effluent of a Polyculture System(Tilapias and Shrimps):Assessment by Mass Balance of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第10期5卷 797-802页

作者： Sergio Leandro Araujo-Silva Munique de Almeida Bispo Moraes clovis ferreira do carmo Joao Alexandre Saviolo Osti Andre Martins Vaz-dos-Santos Cacilda Thais Janson Mercante Center of Water Resources Fisheries InstituteSao PauloBrazil Aquaculture Center Paulista State UniversitySao PauloBrazil Federal University of Parana CuritibaBrazil

From the estimation of the mass balance model, which can also be classified as “black box” model, it is possible to infer the impact of management on the system considered. This study aimed to evaluate water pollution generated by wastewater from a polyculture system of tilapia and shrimp and discuss the management employee and their relation to the quality of the effluent released. It used a pond measuring 1500 m2, average depth 1.6 meters, where 12 cages of 1 m3 populated with tilapia juveniles were installed 33 days after the shrimps’ population. The tilapia juveniles were distributed in densities from 200 to 400 fish per cubic meter, reaching the density of 2.4 fish per square meter within the total pond area. Shrimp post-larvae were released outside the cages within the pond area in a density of 3.3 organisms per square meter. Total density considering fish and shrimps was of 5.7 organisms per square meter in the pond area. Water samples were taken weekly in affluent and effluent of the pond (January-August/2009). The mass balance model was calculated from the difference between the estimated load for the output and input of the pond. The average flow rate was 4.46 L/s. The average loads nitrogen was 0.072 Kg/day (affluent) and 0.179 Kg/day (effluent) and phosphorus 0.0136 Kg/day (affluent) and 0.031 Kg/day (effluent). The mass balance resulted in mean values of 0.11 ± 0.06 Kg/day for total nitrogen and 0.017 ± 0.010 Kg/day for total phosphorus indicating that the system exported nutrients. The use of Best Management Practices (BMP) likes better feed and water management as a way to minimize nutrient export.

关键词： Environmental Conservation BMP Aquaculture Water Flow

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Water Quality Assessment of a Trout Farming Effluent,Bocaina,Brazil

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第10期6卷 909-915页

作者： Bernardo Pinto Caramel Munique de Almeida Bispo Moraes clovis ferreira do carmo Andre Martins Vaz-dos-Santos Yara Aiko Tabata Joao Alexandre Saviolo Osti Carlos Massatoshi Ishikawa Marcos Aureliano Silva Cerqueira Cacilda Thais Janson Mercante Water Resources Center Fisheries InstituteSao PauloBrazil Federal University of Parana CuritibaBrazil Experimental Station of Salmon Sao PauloBrazil

The concern in mitigating the negative impact generated by the discharge of nutrients in the receiving water body is a challenge for the sustainable development of Brazilian fish farms. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the water quality and environmental impact caused by trout farming system effluent with focus on discharge of phosphorus. Sampling was performed on a weekly basis in triplicate from September to November 2010. Sample sites were distributed according to the water flow: upstream from trout farming system, water supply, effluent, artificial wetland, mixing zone and downstream (60 m from effluent). In the field, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, water temperature and turbidity were measured. In laboratory, nitrogen and phosphorus series, chlorophyll a, total solids suspended and their organic and inorganic fractions were analyzed. For the good growth of trout in production system, the abiotic factors described in the water quality monitoring demonstrated acceptable values. Environmentally, after passing through the production system and artificial wetland, there was an increase in concentrations of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, orthophosphate, ammonium, chlorophyll a, total solids suspended and their organic and inorganic fractions (P < 0.05). These results are related with the quality of feed, feeding management and the inefficiency of the artificial wetland. Therefore, it is necessary to use best quality feed to meet the nutritional requirements of trout, maintaining an optimal feed conversion and reducing pollution generated by effluent.

关键词： Management Feeding Water Flow Discharge Phosphorus Pollution

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Fluidized and vibrofluidized shallow beds of fresh leaves

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Particuology 2011年第2期9卷 139-147页

作者： Renata de Aquino Brito Lima Maria do carmo ferreira Drying Center of Pastes Suspensions and SeedsChemical Engineering DepartmentFederal University of S o Carlos

The fluid dynamics behavior of shallow fluidized and vibrofluidized beds operating with fresh leaves was investigated with the aim of exploring drying applications in a modified conveyor belt （MCB） system, which may be operated in a fixed- or fluidized-bed mode. Leaves of the specimens Duranta repens, Schinus molle, Coleus barbatus, Buxus sempervirens, and Bougainvillea spectabilis were tested with a range of sphericities from 0.063 to 0.213, bulk densities from 0.038 to 0.251 g/cm3, apparent densities from 0.52 to 0.97 g/cm3 and ratios of total surface area to volume from 21 to 224 cm-1. Fluidization characteristic curves were obtained by measuring pressure drops versus air velocity in a rectangular column of 0.20 m - 0.11 m cross section. It was not possible to reach real fluidized regimes with the leaves due to strongly non-homogeneous beds. Nevertheless, the characteristic curves allowed for the identification of a transition regime from fixed- to expanded-beds, and parameters such as air velocity and pressure drop obtained from the experimental data at the transition were reproducible for specimens with lower surface area or lower specific gravity （i.e., Duranta repens, Schinus molle, and Bougainvillea spectabilis）. The transition velocity and pressure drop could not be predicted by the literature developed for estimat- ing minimum fluidization conditions. The use of vibration at dimensionless vibration parameters （Γ） of 0.5 and 1.0 helped to reduce channeling and decrease the transition velocities from fixed to expanded regimes although it did not affect the pressure drops after the bed expansion. The results suggest that drying fresh leaves using the MCB dryer operating in a fluidized mode would not be feasible because none of the materials investigated attained a high-quality fluidization. Operation of the MCB dryer may be pos- sible by alternating between the fixed and vibrofluidized modes. For the specimens tested, the drying should be performed in a range

关键词： LeavesLow-sphericity particlesPressure dropsFluidizationVibration

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Species richness and similarity of the flora on four lajedos in Boa Nova, Bahia, Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第6期20卷 1526-1539页

作者： Morgana Maria do carmo BARBOSA Anderson ferreira PINTO MACHAdo Andrea Karla ALMEIDA doS SANTOS Raymundo JoséDE Sá-NETO Michele MARTINS CORRêA Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences State University of Southwest BahiaUniversity Campus“Juvino Oliveira”BR 415km 0445700-000ItapetingaBahiaBrazil Secretary of Education of the State of Bahia Military Police College Eraldo TinocoBrasilia Avenue273Kadija45650-120Vitoria da ConquistaBahiaBrazil Mongoyós Herbarium Multidisciplinary Institute in HealthCampus Anísio TeixeiraFederal University of BahiaRua Hormindo Barros58Bairro Candeias45029-094Vitoria da ConquistaBahiaBrazil Department of Natural Sciences State University of Southwest BahiaEstrada do Bem Querers/nBairro Candeias45083-900Vitoria da ConquistaBahiaBrazil

The municipality of Boa Nova,in northeastern Brazil,is in an ecotone zone between the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest phytogeographic *** transition phytophysiognomy is seasonal forest and known locally as mata de cipó.In these phytophysiognomies there are lajedos,which are rock outcrops colonized by vegetation welladapted to extreme microclimatic variation and vegetation diversity is affected by the vegetation types of the surrounding *** to the singularity of these environments and the relevance of floristic studies for conservation,this work aimed to identify the species richness and compare the similarity of the flora on four rock outcrops in Boa *** flora was surveyed during exploratory walks along lajedos between 2016 and *** total,162 species were identified on the Boa Nova *** flora has a composition and structure similar to semiarid outcrops,as well as endemic species that also occur in surrounding *** the proximity,a similarity index revealed there is floristic dissimilarity between the *** new occurrences were recorded for the region,five species are threatened with extinction(Aosa gilgiana,Ficus cyclophylla,Hippeastrum stigmovittatum,Pleroma caatingae and Trixis pruskii),and 43 species are common in anthropogenic *** reinforces the importance of actions to conserve these areas.

关键词： Ecotone Flora Inselberg Rock outcrops Semiarid Similarity

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Fruiting increases total content of flavonoids and antiproliferative effects of Cereus jamacaru D.C. cladodes in sarcoma 180 cells in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第2期9卷 66-72页

作者： Jean Carlos Vencioneck Dutra Juda Ben-Hur de Oliveira Vanessa Silva dos Santos Paula Roberta Costalonga Pereira Jean Moises ferreira Maria do carmo Pimentel Batitucci Laboratorio de Genetica Vegetal e Toxicologica Departamento de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal do Espirito Santo Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular e Expressao Genica Departamento de Ciências BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Alagoas

Objective: To evaluate the influence of fruiting phenological stage on total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and antiproliferative effects of Cereus jamacaru(C. jamacaru)(mandacaru) cladodes and fruit. Methods: Fruit and cladodes at vegetative and fruiting stage of C. jamacaru were collected. The fruit was dissected and bark, pulp, and seeds were separated. Vegetative and fruiting cladodes, together with bark, pulp, and seeds were used to obtain five hydroalcoholic extracts. The extracts were investigated for total flavonoid content, using AlCl3 colorimetric method, antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging capacity and Fe^(2+) ion chelating activity, and in vitro antiproliferative effects(sarcoma 180 cells) by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2 H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Results: The extract of C. jamacaru cladodes at the fruiting stage showed higher flavonoid content compared to the other extracts. Seed extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays, and the extract of cladodes at vegetative stage showed better antioxidant activity in Fe^(2+) ion chelating activity. The extract of fruiting cladodes promoted higher antiproliferative effects compared to the other extracts. Conclusions: These findings suggest that fruiting increases the content of flavonoids and antiproliferative effects of C. jamacaru cladodes. Data reinforce the potential use of C. jamacaru cladodes and fruits as natural antioxidants and potent anticancer agent.

关键词： Mandacaru Flavonoid content DPPH ABTS Fe^(2+) ion chelating activity MTT assay Sarcoma 180 cells

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Human development, social vulnerability and COVID-19 in Brazil: a study of the social determinants of health

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第4期9卷 50-59页

作者： Carlos dornels Freire de Souza Michael ferreira Machado Rodrigo Feliciano do carmo Department of Medicine Post-Graduation Program in Health FamilyFederal University of Alagoas(UFAL)Campus Arapiraca.Rodovia AL-115Bom SucessoArapiracaAlagoas 57309-005Brazil Postgraduate Program in Health and Biological Sciences Federal University of Vale do Sāo Francisco(UNIVASF)PetrolinaBrazil Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Federal University of Vale do Sāo Francisco(UNIVASF)PetrolinaBrazil

Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)was confirmed in Brazil in February *** then,the disease has spread throughout the country,reaching the poorest *** study analyzes the relationship between COVID-19 and the population's living *** aimed to identifysocial determinants related to the incidence,mortality,and case fatality rate of COVID-19 in Brazil,in ***:This is an ecological study evaluating the relationship between COVID-19 incidence,mortality,and case fatality rates and 49 social indicators of human development and social *** the analysis,bivariate spatial correlation and multivariate and spatial regression models(spatial lag model and spatial error models)were used,considering a 95%confidence interval and a significance level of 5%.Results:A total of 44.8%of municipalities registered confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 14.7%had *** observed that 56.2%of municipalities with confirmed cases had very low human development(COVID-19 incidence rate:59.00/100000;mortality rate:36.75/1000000),and 52.8%had very high vulnerability(COVID-19 incidence rate:41.68/100000;mortality rate:27.46/1000000).The regression model showed 17 indicators associated with transmission of COVID-19 in ***:Although COVID-19 first arrived in the most developed and least vulnerable municipalities in Brazil,it has already reached locations that are farther from large urban centers,whose populations are exposed to a context of intense social *** on these findings,it is necessary to adopt measures that take local social aspects into account in order to contain the pandemic.

关键词： Coronavirus Ecological study Human development Social vulnerability

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A Neural Based Modeling Approach for Drying Kinetics Analysis of Mint Branches and Their Fractions (Leaves and Stems)

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2017年第2期7卷 154-174页

作者： Aline de Holanda Rosanova Gustavo Dias Maia Fábio Bentes Freire Maria do carmo ferreira Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering Federal University of S&atilde o Carlos S&atilde o Carlos Brazil Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of S&atilde o Carlos S&atilde o Carlos Brazil

This work is aimed at investigating regular mint (Mentha × villosa) drying behavior and assessing how the heterogeneous composition of plants affects their drying kinetics. Drying kinetics and sorption isotherms were evaluated for whole branches and their fractions (leaves and stems). Stems and leaves were characterized by measurement of dimensions, apparent density and initial moisture content. The moisture sorption isotherms were obtained under temperatures of 30°C, 40°C and 50°C for branches, stems and leaves and the data were fitted to the GAB model. Mint branches and their fractions were oven dried at temperatures from 40°C to 70°C?and were obtained kinetic curves for each part. Water sorption patterns were similar for leaves and stems and the GAB model described well the sorption behavior of both materials. At a constant temperature, the drying rates were higher for leaves in comparison to stems and the differences increased as the temperature was raised. Therefore, depending on drying conditions, the moisture distribution in dried branches might be significantly different. Since the leaves constitute the major fraction in branches, the drying rates of branches were closer to those of leaves. The kinetic curves were fitted to a diffusion model based on an analytical solution of Fick’s second diffusion law and to an empirical model based on artificial neural network (ANN). The results showed that the model based on the ANN predicted the drying kinetics of the different parts better than the diffusive model. A single network was built to describe the kinetic behavior of branches and fractions in the whole range of temperatures investigated. The diffusive model based on fitting effective diffusivity did not provide good predictions of moisture content, probably because neither the dependence of effective diffusivity on the moisture content nor the heterogeneity and shrinking of static beds were considered.

关键词： Aromatic Herbs Regular Mint Branches Stems Sorption Isotherms Oven Drying Artificial Neural Network

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Yacon Product(PBY)Modulates Intestinal Constipation and Protects the Integrity of Crypts in Wistar Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 1391-1407页

作者： Monica de Souza Lima Sant’Anna Vivian Carolina Rodrigues Tatiane ferreira Araujo Tania Toledo de Oliveira Maria do carmo Gouveia Peluzio Celia Lucia de Luces Fortes ferreira Nutrition Course.Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Campus MacaéMacaéBrazil Department of Food Technology Federal University of VicosaVicosaBrazil Nutrition Course Pitagoras CollegeIpatingaBrazil Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of VicosaVicosaBrazil Departament of Nutrition and Health Federal University of VicosaVicosaBrazil

This study investigated the use of a product based on yacon (PBY) in microbiological, physical-chemical and intestinal characteristics of Wistar rats artificially constipated with Loperamide®. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups: Control (C), Constipated Control (CC), PBY (not constipated) and Constipated PBY (PBYC). The dosage of 0.14 g of FOS+ inulin/kg was tested. Microbiota, pH and faeces characteristics of faeces and caecal contents were evaluated. Caecal weight, morphometry of caecal villi and the concentration of short-chain fatty acids were determined. Higher caecal weight was identified in the PBYC animals as well as higher width, height and depth of cripts. The PBY group showed the highest (p < 0.05) concentration of butyrate (93.2 ± 65.5 mmol/L). The supplementation with PBY positively altered the intestine epithelial tissue in constipated animals, keeping the integrity of the caecum crypts.

关键词： Prebiotic Yacon Single Chain Fatty Acid Constipation

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Influences of Amazonian White and Black Waters on the Hematological and Biochemical Plasma Features of Arapaima gigas （Osteoglossiformes）

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第3期8卷 252-261页

作者： Cleverson Agner Ramos Jose Carlos Nunes Raulino Glauber Cruz de Menezes Iracimar Batista do carmo Elenice Martins Brasil Elizabeth Gusmao Affonso Oscar Tadeu ferreira da Costa Marisa Narciso Femandes Departament of Morphology Federal University of Amazon Manaus Amazon 69077-000 Brazil Department of Aquaculture INPA (National Institute of Amazonian Research) Manaus Amazon 69060-001 Brazil Departament of Physiological Sciences Federal University of Sao Carlos Sao Carlos Sao Paulo 13565-905 Brazil

The Arapaima gigas, despite being an air breather, its gill structure is quite close to water breathers, especially in early stages of development. The effects of Amazonian waters is well notices in other Teleostei expose to BW （black water）, and WW （white water）. However, information about hematological adjustments and its implications to ionic regulation patters are scarce. Therefore, our aim was to analyzed A. gigas hematological parameters when exposed to BW and WW providing suitable hematological data concerning about physiological responses in Amazonian waters. Fish were acclimated in three separated ponds containing BW, WW and well water as control （C）. Blood samples were taken from the caudal vessel in order to perform measurement assays on levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, corpuscular hemoglobin, corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, glucose, cholesterol and protein. Our findings corroborate the hypothesis stating that BW does interfere on fish adaptation specialy in smallfish （-100 g）. However in largefish （-1,000 g） neither WW or BW can interfere on plasma profile of analysed fish. Despite black water systems being considered a barrier constraining the dispersion of several species, this seems not to be a problem for this specie which has kept its ion-regulatory mechanisms even in black waters.

关键词： Amazon fish blood parameters Amazonian waters Pirarucu.

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