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A High-Resolution Modeling Strategy to Assess Impacts of Climate Change for Mesoamerica and the Caribbean

American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第2期5卷 202-228页

作者： Robert Oglesby clinton rowe Alfred Grunwaldt Ines Ferreira Franklyn Ruiz Jayaka Campbell Luis Alvarado Francisco Argenal Berta Olmedo Alejandro del Castillo Pilar Lopez Edwards Matos Yosef Nava Carlos Perez Joel Perez Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Nebraska Lincoln NE USA Climate Change and Sustainability Division Inter-American Development Bank Washington DC USA Instituto de Hidrología Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales de Colombia Bogota Colombia University of the West Indies Kingston Jamaica Instituto Meteorológico Nacional Costa Rica San Jose Costa Rica Servicio Meteorológico Nacional de Honduras Dirección General de Aeronáutica Civil Tegucigalpa Honduras Empresa de Transmisión Eléctrica Paname?a Ciudad de Panamá Panamá Water Center for the Humid Tropics of Latin America and the Caribbean (CATHALAC) Ciudad de Panamá Panamá Unidad de Análisis Meteorológico Empresa de Transmisión Eléctrica Paname?a Ciudad de Panamá Panamá Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático Mexico City Mexico National Weather Service MARN San Salvador El Salvador

Mesoamerica and the Caribbean are low-latitude regions at risk for the effects of climate change. Global climate models provide large-scale assessment of climate drivers, but, at a horizontal resolution of 100 km, cannot resolve the effects of topography and land use as they impact the local temperature and precipitation that are keys to climate impacts. We developed a robust dynamical downscaling strategy that used the WRF regional climate model to downscale at 4 - 12 km resolution GCM results. Model verification demonstrates the need for such resolution of topography in order to properly simulate temperatures. Precipitation is more difficult to evaluate, being highly variable in time and space. Overall, a 36 km resolution is inadequate;12 km appears reasonable, especially in regions of low topography, but the 4 km resolution provides the best match with observations. This represents a tradeoff between model resolution and the computational effort needed to make simulations. A key goal is to provide climate change specialists in each country with the information they need to evaluate possible future climate change impacts.

关键词： Regional Climate Models Dynamical Downscaling Strategy Mesoamerica and Caribbean Climate Change

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Smart contract applications in the built environment: How prepared are Nigerian construction stakeholders?

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 50-61页

作者： Andrew EBEKOZIEN clinton AIGBAVBOA Samuel Adeniyi ADEKUNLE Mohamad Shaharudin SAMSURIJAN John ALIU Bernard Martins ARTHUR-AIDOO Godpower Chinyeru AMADI Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying University of JohannesburgJohannesburg 2006South Africa School of Social Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaGelugor11800 USM PenangMalaysia Department of Quantity Surveying Auchi PolytechnicAuchiNigeria Institute for Resilient Infrastructure Systems College of EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Department of Building Technology Faculty of Built EnvironmentAccra Technical UniversityAccraGhana Nigerian Institute of Management Port HarcourtNigeria

Studies have demonstrated that advanced technology,such as smart contract applications,can enhance both pre-and post-contract administration within the built environment sector.Smart contract technology,exemplifying blockchain technologies,has the potential to improve transparency,trust,and the security of data transactions within this sector.However,there is a dearth of academic literature concerning smart contract applications within the construction industries of developing countries,with a specific focus on Nigeria.Consequently,this study seeks to explore the relevance of smart contract technology and address the challenges impeding its adoption,offering strategies to mitigate the obstacles faced by smart contract applications.To investigate the stakeholders,this research conducted 14 virtual interview sessions to achieve data saturation.The interviewees encompassed project management practitioners,senior management personnel from construction companies,experts in construction dispute resolution,professionals in construction software,and representatives from government construction agencies.The data obtained from these interviews underwent thorough analysis employing a thematic approach.The study duly recognizes the significance of smart contract applications within the sector.Among the 12 identified barriers,issues such as identity theft and data leakage,communication and synchronization challenges,high computational expenses,lack of driving impetus,excessive electricity consumption,intricate implementation processes,absence of a universally applicable legal framework,and the lack of a localized legal framework were recurrent impediments affecting the adoption of smart contract applications within the sector.The study also delves into comprehensive measures to mitigate these barriers.In conclusion,this study critically evaluates the relevance of smart contract applications within the built environment,with a specific focus on promoting their usage.It may serve as a pioneering effort,especially within the con

关键词： built environment industry digitalization Nigeria smart contract technological revolution

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A NEW SIMPLE 2-D PIECEWISE LINEAR MAP

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第2期23卷 379-389页

作者： Zeraoulia ELHADJ Julien clinton SPROTT Department of Mathematics University of Tébessa Department of Physics University of Wisconsin

A new simple piecewise linear map of the plane is presented and analyzed,then a detailedstudy of its dynamical behaviour is described,along with some other dynamical phenomena,especiallyfixed points and their stability,observation of a new chaotic attractors obtained via border collisionbifurcation.An important result about coexisting chaotic attractors is also numerically studied anddiscussed.

关键词：分段线性映射混沌吸引子边界碰撞分岔动态行为力学现象数值研究稳定性固定点

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EVALUATING QUINOA LODGING RISK AND YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION THRESHOLDS, NITROGEN RATES AND PLANTING DENSITIES IN NORTH-WESTERN CHINA

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第4期9卷 614-626页

作者： Ning WANG Fengxin WANG clinton C.SHOCK Lei GAO Chaobiao MENG Zejun HUANG Jianyu ZHAO Center for Agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Malheur Experiment Station Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA

Lodging is a major yield-limiting factor of quinoa production.In 2018 and 2019,the orthogonal field experiments were conducted to investigate the responses of quinoa lodging risk and yield to irrigation threshold(soil matric potential of−15,−25 and−55 kPa),nitrogen rate(80,160 and 240 kg·ha^(−1))and planting density(20,30 and 40 plants m^(−2)).Results showed that high irrigation thresholds and nitrogen rates significantly(P<0.05)increased plant height and fresh weight per plant,and high planting densities reduced stem diameter and strength,all of those led to significantly(P<0.05)high lodging risks.The−15 and−55 kPa treatments gave the lowest actual yield(P<0.05)in 2018 and 2019,respectively.Higher lodging rate with a nitrogen rate of 240 kg·ha^(−1) resulted in a lower actual yield than 80 and 160 kg·ha^(−1) in both years.Planting density of 30 plants m^(−2) gave a significantly(P<0.05)greater estimated yield than 20 plants m^(−2) and had a lower lodging rate than 40 plants m^(−2),resulting in the maximum actual yield among planting densities.In conclusion,a moderate irrigation threshold of−25 kPa,a nitrogen rate of 80−160 kg·ha^(−1) and an intermediate planting density of 30 plants m−2 were determined to be best for quinoa cultivation in North-western China.In addition,the lower-stem lodging index(quarter plant height)could evaluate lodging risk more accurately than middle-stem(half plant height)or upper-stem(three quarters plant height)lodging indexes.

关键词： lodging index orthogonal design soil matric potential stem strength

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Game Character Modeling and Animation with 3ds Max

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2008年

作者： Yancey clinton

ISBN: (纸本)9780240809786

This book takes you step-by-step through the process of creating a playable 3D character using 3DS Max. Offering a complete overview of the 3D real-time character asset creation pipeline. Yancey clinton will take you through the five major subjects used in the asset pipeline: 1. 3D modeling, including techniques specifically for both the body and head. 2. Unwrapping a model, which is one of the most misunderstood processes. 3. An overview of creating textures for your Unwrapped chararacter using Photoshop. 4. Rigging or Skinning a Character, using the industry standard Character Studio 4. 5. 'How to make your character move' with an overview of game animation and deeper into Character Studio. But it doesn't end there! Yancey also shows you the final step; how to actually put the model into the Unreal editor and compile it for play in Unreal Tournament.

关键词： Computer animation.

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Research,Extension,and Good Farming Practices Improve Water Quality and Productivity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第1期11卷 14-30页

作者： clinton C Shock Candace B Shock Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station Scientific Ecological Services

Agriculture in southeastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho known collectively as the Treasure Valley has depended on furrow irrigation using heavy inputs of water and nitrogen （N） fertilizer. Crop rotations include onion, corn, wheat, sugar beet, potato, bean, and other crops. By 1986 groundwater had become contaminated with nitrate and residues of the herbicide chlorthal-dimethyl （DCPA）; an official groundwater management area was established by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality along with an action plan and well monitoring network. The action plan allowed for a trial period to see whether voluntary changes would improve trends. Researchers, producers, and agencies cooperated to develop production options that had the possibility of being both environmentally protective and cost effective. Options were tested to improve irrigation practices, increase N fertilizer use efficiency on several rotation crops, and find a cost effective replacement for DCPA. Research demonstrated the opportunity for increased productivity through both irrigation scheduling and the adoption of drip and sprinkler systems. Fertilizer research demonstrated that smaller, more frequent N applications were more efficient than a single large application. Effective, lower cost herbicides replaced DCPA. Research results were effectively delivered through many means and voluntarily adopted. Both groundwater nitrate and DCPA residues are declining. Productivity has increased.

关键词： DCPA drip irrigation groundwater nitrate irrigation management irrigation scheduling nutrient management voluntary cooperation

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Fusobacterium 's link to colorectal neoplasia sequenced: A systematic review and future insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8626-8650页

作者： Hisham Hussan Steven K clinton Kristen Roberts Michael T Bailey Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Pediatrics OSU College of Medicine And Center for Microbial PathogenesisThe Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital

AIM To critically evaluate previous scientific evidence on Fusobacterium's role in colorectal neoplasia development.METHODS Two independent investigators systematically reviewed all original scientific articles published between January,2000,and July,2017,using Pub Med,EMBASE,and MEDLINE. A total of 355 articles were screened at the abstract level. Of these,only original scientific human,animal,and in vitro studies investigating Fusobacterium and its relationship with colorectal cancer(CRC) were included in the analysis. Abstracts,review articles,studies investigating other colonic diseases,and studies written in other languages than English were excluded from our analysis. Ninety articles were included after removing duplicates,resolving disagreements between the two reviewers,and applying the above criteria.RESULTS Studies have consistently identified positive associations between Fusobacterium,especially Fusobacterium nucleatum(F. nucleatum),and CRC. Stronger associations were seen in CRCs proximal to the splenic flexure and Cp G island methylator phenotype(CIMP)-high CRCs. There was evidence of temporality and a biological gradient,with increased F. nucleatum DNA detection and quantity along the traditional adenoma-carcinoma sequence and in CIMP-high CRC precursors. Diet may have a differential impact on colonic F. nucleatum enrichment;evidence suggests that high fiber diet may reduce the risk of a subset of CRCs that are F. nucleatum DNA-positive. Data also suggest shorter CRC and disease-specific survival with increased amount of F. nucleatum DNA in CRC tissue. The pathophysiology of enrichment of F. nucleatum and other Fusobacterium species in colonic tissue is unclear;however,the virulence factors and changes to the local colonic environment with disruption of the protective mucus layer may contribute. The presence of a host lectin(Gal-Gal NAc) in the colonic epithelium may also mediate F. nucleatum attachment to CRC and precursors through interaction with an F. nucleatum protein,fibroblast activation pro

关键词： Colon microbiota Fusobacterium Systematic review Fusobacterium nucleatum Colorectal cancer Colorectal polyps Carcinogenesis

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A Sentiment Analysis Based Model for Recruitment by Higher Institutions

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2023年第9期11卷 44-56页

作者： Felix Uloko Raphael Ozighor Enihe clinton Immunhierokene Obrorindo Department of Computer and Information Technology Veritas University Abuja Nigeria Department of Computer Science Baze University Abuja Nigeria Petroleum Training Institute Effurun Nigeria

The traditional roles of a university are teaching and research with the aim of developing society and contributing positively to the national economic development by producing skilled and well-tutored graduates. However, recruitments by these higher institutions are too reliant on the eligibility provided by Resumes of candidates, while neglecting their suitability drawn from their research activity and publications online. This study identifies insights in recruitment trends in higher institutions of learning and uses Artificial Intelligence to produce a more rounded and balanced decision-making process that caters for both eligibility and suitability. The methodology employs the machine learning process using the Multinomial Naïve Bayes for training the model as well as the Vader sentiment analyzer for accuracy and testing. The datasets used contained Resume instances as well as author publication information. The results show a score of 83.9% for the model as well as a sentiment analysis score of 1, indicating an overall positive score. The results show that sentiment analysis can help educational institutions in improving their recruitment models and attracting more suitable candidates for such roles.

关键词： Hiring Process Applicant Evaluation Educational Institutions Algorithmic Approach Candidate Selection

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Neurophysiological basis of penile erection

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第6期28卷 751-755页

作者： Fernanda B M PRIVIERO Romulo LEITE R clinton WEBB Cleber E TEIXEIRA Department of Physiology Medical College of Georgia 1120 15th StreetCA 3101 AugustaGA30912-3000USA

Penile erection involves a complex interaction between the central nervoussystem and local factors.It is a neurovascular event modulated by psychologicaland hormonal factors.The discovery of nitric oxide (NO) as an intercellular mes-senger or neurotransmitter paved the way for identifying important mechanismsunderlying physiological and pathophysiological events in the penis,in additionto providing the knowledge for the development of new therapeutics based on anovel concept of molecule and cell interaction.Despite the fact that sinusoidalendothelial cells also produce and release NO in response to chemical and possi-bly physical stimuli,roles of neurogenic NO in penile erection appear to be moreattractive and convincing,since the pharmacological neuromodulation representsan essential step to attaining penile erection.Erectile dysfunction (ED) is causedby a variety of pathogenic factors,particularly impaired formation and action ofNO.Hence,a thorough knowledge of the physiology of erection is essential forfuture pharmacological innovations in the field of male ED,particularly targetingNO or intracellular cyclic GMP,which represent the most promising therapeuticapproach to treat patients with ED.

关键词： nitric oxide penile erection erectile dys function nitrergic nerves

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Hydrogeochemical and Multivariate Statistical Techniques to Trace the Sources of Ground Water Contaminants and Affecting Factors of Groundwater Pollution in an Oil and Gas Producing Wetland in Rivers State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas 2022年第3期7卷 166-202页

作者： Olalekan Morufu Raimi clinton Ifeanyichukwu Ezekwe Abiodun Bowale Timothy Kayode Samson Department of Community Medicine Environmental Health Unit Faculty of Clinical Sciences Niger Delta University Amassoma Nigeria Weather Forecasting Services Nigerian Meteorological Agency Abuja Nigeria Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Pennsylvania Department of Health Harrisburg USA College of Agriculture Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo Nigeria

Background: Groundwater is an important source of drinking water for the indigenous communities of Ebocha-Obrikom. Access to safe drinking water, in particular, is critical to one’s health and, by extension, one’s income and well-being. Underground wells are the primary supply of drinking water in the Niger Delta, and the groundwater is not always treated before consumption. As a result, water continues to be a vital environmental component that affects both humans and other life forms. Objectives: The aims of the research are to trace the sources and affecting factors of groundwater pollution via statistical and multivariate statistical techniques. Method: The investigation made use of standard analytical procedures. All sampling, conservation, transportation and analysis followed standard procedures described in APHA (2012). To prevent degradation of the organic substances, all obtained samples were transferred to the laboratory, while kept in an icebox. Results: The study reveals that the greater the number of principal components extracted the greater variation in geochemical composition of the ground waters. It indicated that 34 parameters were distributed into six (6) and nine (9) principal components (PCs) extracted for groundwater samples for both rainy and dry seasons, potentially suggesting the input of different pollutants from different sources. Gas flaring, mineral dissolution/precipitation and anthropogenic input are the main sources of the physicochemical indices and trace elements in the groundwater. Groundwater chemistry is predominantly regulated by natural processes such as dissolution of carbonates, silicates, and evaporates and soil leaching, followed by human activities. Climatic factors and land use types are also important in affecting groundwater chemistry. Conclusion: Greater efforts should be made to safeguard groundwater, which is hampered by geogenic and anthropogenic activities, in order to achieve sustainable groundwater development. As a result, communities are recommended to maint

关键词： Groundwater Quality Spatial Distribution Pollution Loading Health Exposure Multivariate Analysis Systems Thinking Wetlands Core Niger Delta

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