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Participatory Planning of Social and Spatial Organization in Agrarian Reform Policy in Brazil： An Assessment of the Implementation Challenges

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第9期7卷 1177-1188页

作者： Leandro Frederico Ferraz Meyer Marcelo Jose Braga Francy Mary Costa cleria figueiredo Institute of Socio-Environmental and Water Resources (ISARH) Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA) Belem-PA66025-230 Brazil Department of Agricultural Economics (DER) Federal University of Vigosa (UFV) Vigosa-MG 36570. 000 Brazil National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) Beldm-PA 66.610-903 Brazil

The social endeavors for Agrarian Reform in Brazil have a history of at least sixty years. Throughout this time, distinct political regimes, increased land concentration, disordered urbanization and the development of a dynamic agribusiness sector inserted in global economy led to both the aggravation of social conflicts over land in Northern and Southern Brazil as well as new inquiries on the features necessary for an efficient Agrarian Reform Plan in the authors" country. Focused on the agrarian reform projects in the Brazilian Amazon, this work discusses on the political and methodological perspectives drawn in II PNRA (second National Plan of Agrarian Reform). The authors frame their account mostly along the theoretical scaffolding provided by the Bloomington School of Institutional Analysis. The authors analyze the multiple challenges facing the organization and the maintenance of the institutional structure designed to facilitate participatory planning and governance of collective resources in periurban settlements. The authors portrait these settlements as highly complex socio-ecological systems wherein socioeconomic asymmetries, cultural diversity and poor social capital and education promote political and ideological disputes that jeopardize safeguarding global commons.

关键词：土地改革社会事业空间组织巴西规划评估政治制度作者分析

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Quality of life, elderly and physical activity

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Health 2012年第2期4卷 88-93页

作者： Carlos Soares Pernambuco Bernardo Minelli Rodrigues Jani cleria Pereira Bezerra Alessandro Carrielo André Dias de Oliveira Fernandes Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale Estelio Henrique Martin Dantas Biosciences of Human Motricity Laboratory Labimh/Unirio Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Trás os Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real Portugal

The concept of quality of life is multiple concerns as a cultural, social and environmental individuality. The aim of this study was to verify the levels of quality of life in elderly practitioners of physical activity comparing a active group with a control group The sample consisted of 159 physically independent and apparently healthy individuals of either sex, with mean age of 66.61 ± 4.73 years. Active group obtained mean 14.32 ± 0.763 in whoqol’s scores for levels of quality of life, the Control group (CG) obtained mean 13.31 ± 0.94 and p-value 0.05. The ANOVA with repeated samples showed higher values for active group when compared with control group after intervention, the significant level was p < 0.05. It must be recognized that not every aspect of human life is reduced to the practice of physical activity;however, it is an important instrument that generates well-being in this age group.

关键词： Quality of Life Aged Motor Activity Exercise

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Mobilizing Crop Biodiversity

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Molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1341-1344页

作者： Susan McCouch Zahra Katy Navabi Michael Abberton Noelle L.Anglin Rosa Lia Barbieri Michael Baum Kirstin Bett Helen Booker Gerald L.Brown Glenn J.Bryan Luigi Cattivelli David Charest Kellye Eversole Marcelo Freitas Kioumars Ghamkhar Dario Grattipaglia Robert Henry Maria cleria Valadares Inglis Tofazzal Islam Zakaria Kehel Paul J.Kersey Graham J.King Stephen Kresovich Emily Marden Sean Mayes Marie Noelle Ndjiondjiop Henry T.Nguyen Samuel Rezende Paiva Roberto Papa Peter W.B.Phillips Awais Rasheed Christopher Richards Mathieu Flouard Maria Jose Amstalden Sampaio Uwe Scholz Paul D.Shaw Brad Sherman S.Evan Staton Nils Stein Jan Svensson Mark Tester Jose Francisco Montenegro Valls Rajeev Varshney Stephen Visscher Eric von Wettberg Robbie Waugh Peter Wenzl Loren H.Rieseberg Plant Breeding and Genetics School of Integrated Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA DivSeek Global Institute for Food Security110 Gymnasium PlaceUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 0W9Canada lnternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA) PMB 5320Oyo RdIbadanNigeria International Potato Center(CIP)1895 Avenida La Molina Lima Peru 12Lima 15023Peru Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Parque Estacjao BiologicaFinal Av W5 NorteCaixa Postal 0237270770-917-Brasilia DFBrazil International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(I CAR DA) Station Exp.INRA-Quich.Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui.Agdal.Rabat-Instituts10111RabatMorocco Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan51 Campus Dr.SaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Department of Plant Agriculture University of GuelphRm 316Crop Science Bldg50 Stone Rd EGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Genome Prairie 111 Research DriveSuite 101SaskatoonSKS7N 3R2Canada The James Hutt on Institute Errol RoadInvergowrieDundeeDD25DAUK CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformaticsvia San Protaso 302Fiorenzuola d'Arda29017Italy Genome British Columbia 400-575 West 8th AvenueVancouverBCV5Z 0C4Canada International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium 2841 NE Marywood CtLee's SummitMO.64086USA Forage Science Grasslands Research CentreAgResearchPalmerston North4410New Zealand Queensla nd Alliance for Agriculture and Food Inn ovation University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(IBGE) Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur 1706Bangladesh Southern Cross University PO Box 157LismoreNSW 2480Australia Royal Botanic Gardens KewRichmondSurreyTW93AEUK Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Crop Improvement 431 Weill HallCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6R 2A5Canada Crops For the Future(UK)CIC 76-80 Baddow Road ChelmsfordEs

Over the past 70 years,the world has witnessed extraordinary growth in crop productivity,enabled by a suite of technological advances,including higher yielding crop varieties,improved farm management,synthetic agrochemicals,and agricultural mechanization.While this"Green Revolution"intensified crop production,and is credited with reducing famine and malnutrition,its benefits were accompanied by several undesirable collateral effects(Pingali,2012).These include a narrowing of agricultural biodiversity,stemming from increased monoculture and greater reliance on a smaller number of crops and crop varieties for the majority of our calories.This reduction in diversity has created vulnerabilities to pest and disease epidemics,climate variation,and ultimately to human health(Harlan,1972).

关键词： intensified crops agricultural

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