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Women and youths participation in agroforestry:What counts and what doesn’t around Mount Elgon,Uganda?

Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第12期18卷 3306-3320页

作者： GALABUZI Charles AGABA Hillary okia clement Akias ODOUL Judith MUTHURI Catherine National Forestry Resources Research Institute(NaFORRI) Kampala 1752Uganda National Agricultural Research Organization(NARO) Entebbe 295Uganda World Agroforestry Uganda Country OfficeKampala 2641Uganda World Agroforestry United Nations AvenueNairobi 30677Kenya Department of Environmental Sciences Muni UniversityArua 725Uganda

The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda between June 2018 and December *** objectives were to:i)determine the socio-economic characteristics of women and youth farmers engaged in agroforestry,ii)determine the relationship between women and youth farmers’characteristics in adoption of tree technologies and related decisions,and iii)assess the incentives,challenges and strategies for promoting agroforestry technologies’adoption in the *** were collected from 250 women and youths using focus group discussions,semi-structured,and key informant *** showed that engagements in agroforestry practices attracted largely(82%)of uneducated women and youths and basic methods and tools were used to *** to 70%of women and youth relied on crop farming as a major source of income,earning about USD$250 *** and family size were positively(P>0.0001)related to tree adoption decisions while farmer capacity building activities(such as training,farmer guided field tours,and participatory farmer trial’s establishments)and access to low-cost tree seedlings motivated their involvement in tree *** scarcity,soil,water,and tree conservation issues and shortage of desired tree species affected the extent of tree growing in both women and youth-led *** suggested strategies comprised strengthening farmer capacity-building programs and upholding soil and water conservation *** has the potential to address the challenges related to land scarcity and shortage of desired tree products in women and youth-led households around Mount ***,the women and youths involved in farming activities were generally poor,illiterate and faced issues of land *** factors,limited their full potential and interest in agroforestry.A significant incr

关键词： Agroforestry trees Farmer decisions Farmer participation Livelihoods East African highlands

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Dissemination paradox:how contextual realities influence smallholder farmers'modifications of agroforestry technologies in Uganda's *** region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第5期19卷 1404-1418页

作者： Fred KALANZI Prossy ISUBIKALU Florence Birungi KYAZZE Lawrence Justus Baguma ORIKIRIZA clement okia Isaac KIYINGI National Agricultural Research Organisation(NARO) Entebbe 295Uganda Department of Extension and Innovation Studies Makerere UniversityKampala 7062Uganda Department of Forestry Biodiversity and TourismMakerere UniversityKampala 7062Uganda Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Muni UniversityArua 725Uganda

This study was intended to understand how smallholder farmers’modifications improved agroforestry technologies’usability in Uganda’s *** *** used a case study approach to understand how smallholder farmers’contextual realities informed their modifications and enhanced the usability of agroforestry *** was collected over four months of frequent and regular interaction with the cases using formal and informal methods that included in-depth interviews,conversations,discussions,and direct *** themes and patterns were identified from the comprehensively reduced *** addition,respondents’direct quotes were used to emphasize the reasons for the *** findings showed that smallholder farmers modified the recommended technologies to suit their biophysical and socio-economic *** and similarities in modifications existed among cases across the agroforestry *** modifications were mainly done to diversify tree uses,optimize space utilization,and minimize production costs for farming *** findings imply a need to critically examine the smallholder farmers’modifications to make agroforestry technologies applicable and compliant to their *** will inform the re-invention of technologies that will quickly diffuse into the community for broader *** also emphasize the need to rethink the linear model of technology transfer mainly applied in agroforestry technology development and dissemination because it offers limited space for the much-needed feedback from smallholder farmers.

关键词： Modifications Agroforestry technology Usability Farm productivity Smallholder farmer

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Effect of Mode of Auxin Application on Rooting and Bud Break of Shea Tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) Cuttings

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第15期7卷 2199-2208页

作者： Moses Okao Lawrence Ogwal Gloria Mutoni Samuel Oyuko Alip John Bosco Lamoris Okullo clement Akais okia Ngetta Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) Lira Uganda College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Kampala Uganda

Vegetative propagation by stem cutting is an important technique applied for agricultural production where rooting success is one of the major aspects. A study to assess the effects of mode of application of rooting hormones (IBA) on adventitious root formation of V. paradoxa stem cuttings was conducted. Accordingly, four application methods were investigated in a 4 × 3 factorial experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The application methods were: 24-hour extended soak, foliar spraying, basal quick dip and delayed IBA application method. Thus, the parameters used to determine rooting success were mean root length and root number. The effect of these application methods on occurrence of bud break was also considered. On the whole, root length was observed to be a function of IBA concentration, whereby root length increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with an increment in IBA concentration. Stem cuttings subjected to 24-h extended soak at 100 ppm rooted best (59.5% ± 8.33%), where as foliar sprayed stem cuttings exhibited the worst rooting success (11.9 ± 3.06 - 23.8% ± 4.16%). Bud break appeared to decrease with increasing IBA concentration and delaying IBA application enhanced rooting percentage of the quick dip method by 7.1%, 9.5% and 11.9% at 2500 ppm, 3500 ppm and 4500 ppm, respectively. The extended soak method of IBA application at 80 ppm shows potential for large scale production of V. paradoxa through stem cuttings.

关键词： IBA Mode of Application Shea Tree Extended Soak Method Bud Break

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Variation in Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Five Populations of <i>Vitellaria paradoxa</i>C.F. Gaertn. Subsp. <i>Nilotica</i>in Uganda

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第7期12卷 769-782页

作者： Juventine B. Odoi Thomas L. Odong clement A. okia John Bosco Lomoris Okulo Moses Okao Harriet Kabasindi Alice Mucugi Samson Gwali National Forestry Resources Research Institute (NaFORRI) National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO) Kampala Uganda Department of Crop Production College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya Muni University Arua Uganda Ngetta Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (NettaZARDI) Lira Uganda Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Busitema University Busia Uganda

We studied seed germination and seedling growth performance in an economically and socially important fruit tree species Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn. subsp. nilotica (shea tree) in Uganda. The study aimed at determining variations in germination among five shea tree seed provenances and seedling growth performance based on five growth traits (total height, root collar diameter, leaf length, leaf width and leaf petiole length). Five populations were considered from four agroecological zones comprising of 180 candidate “plus” trees. The seed trees consisted of 16 ethnovarieties selected based on their traits for fast growth and high oil yield. A total of 1,204 biological seeds were collected and sown in a tree nursery at Ngetta Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute during the month of June 2018 in a randomized incomplete block design with three replications. Significant variation (χ = 708;p < 0.01) was observed in seedling phenotypic traits within and between populations. Regression equation for height growth and leaf size index were given as y = 0.3787 + 12.671x and y = 0.6483 + 15.413x respectively. Root collar diameter was more correlated to leaf size index (0.425) than to height growth (0.30). Clustering of shea tree seedlings based on phenotypic growth traits revealed one aggregated cluster indicating that most of the seedlings from the five populations were similar (Jaccard index 0.92, p < 0.01). However, clustering based on SNP markers revealed three different populations. We recorded higher growth (χ = 708;p < 0.001) in Arua shea population. Red seeded;thin pulped and hairy fruited shea tree ethnovarieties recorded faster growth than the rest. The results reveal useful traits in selection for tree growth and further identified shea tree ethnovarieties that could be selected for fast growth.

关键词： Ethnovarieties Plantlets Root Collar Diameter Leaf Size Index Population Cluster

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