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Disentangling the effects of management and climate change on habitat suitability for saproxylic species in boreal forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 121-133页

作者： Ellinoora Ekman María Triviño clemens blattert Adriano Mazziotta Maria Potterf Kyle Eyvindson Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of JyvaskylaP.O.Box 3540014 JyvaskylaFinland Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research(INAR)/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiP.O.Box 6800014 HelsinkiFinland School of Resource Wisdom University of JyvaskylaP.O.Box 3540014 JyvaskylaFinland Natural Resources Institute Finland(LUKE) Latokartanonkaari 900790 HelsinkiFinland Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group Technical University of MunichHans‑Carl‑Von‑Carlowitz‑Platz 285354 FreisingGermany Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesP.O.Box 50031433ÅsNorway

Forest degradation induced by intensive forest management and temperature increase by climate change are resulting in biodiversity decline in boreal *** forest management and high-end climate emission scenarios can further reduce the amount and diversity of deadwood,the limiting factor for habitats for saproxylic species in European boreal *** magnitude of their combined effects and how changes in forest management can affect deadwood diversity under a range of climate change scenarios are poorly *** used forest growth simulations to evaluate how forest management and climate change will individually and jointly affect habitats of red-listed saproxylic species in *** simulated seven forest management regimes and three climate scenarios(reference,RCP4.5 and RCP8.5)over 100 *** regimes included set aside,continuous cover forestry,business-as-usual(BAU)and four modifications of *** suitability was assessed using a speciesspecific habitat suitability index,including 21 fungal and invertebrate species groups.“Winner”and“loser”species were identified based on the modelled impacts of forest management and climate change on their habitat *** found that forest management had a major impact on habitat suitability of saproxylic species compared to climate *** suitability index varied by over 250%among management regimes,while overall change in habitat suitability index caused by climate change was on average only 2%.More species groups were identified as winners than losers from impacts of climate change(52%–95%were winners,depending on the climate change scenario and management regime).The largest increase in habitat suitability index was achieved under set aside(254%)and the climate scenario RCP8.5(>2%),while continuous cover forestry was the most suitable regime to increase habitat suitability of saproxylic species(up to+11%)across all climate change *** results show that close-to-na

关键词： Biodiversity Simulations Finland Forest planning Habitat suitability Deadwood

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Trade-offs between ecosystem service provision and the predisposition to disturbances: a NFI-based scenario analysis

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 349-365页

作者： Christian Temperli clemens blattert Golo Stadelmann Urs-Beat Brändli Esther Thürig Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL8903BirmensdorfSwitzerland University of Jyväskylä FI-40014JyväskyläFinland

Background: Scenario analyses that evaluate management effects on the long-term provision and sustainability of forest ecosystem services and biodiversity(ESB) also need to account for disturbances. The objectives of this study were to reveal potential trade-offs and synergies between ESB provision and disturbance predisposition at the scale of a whole ***: The empirical scenario model MASSIMO was used to simulate forest development and management from years 2016 to 2106 on 5086 sample plots of the Swiss National Forest Inventory(NFI). We included a businessas-usual(BAU) scenario and four scenarios of increased timber harvesting. Model output was evaluated with indicators for 1) ESB provision including a) timber production, b) old-growth forest characteristics as biodiversity proxies and c) protection against rockfall and avalanches and 2) for a) storm and b) bark beetle ***: The predisposition indicators corresponded well(AUC: 0.71–0.86) to storm and insect(mostly bark beetle)damage observations in logistic regression models. Increased timber production was generally accompanied with decreased predisposition(storm: >-11%, beetle: >-37%, depending on region and scenario), except for a scenario that promoted conifers where beetle predisposition increased(e.g. + 61% in the Southern Alps). Decreased disturbance predisposition and decreases in old-growth forest indicators in scenarios of increased timber production revealed a trade-off situation. In contrast, growing stock increased under BAU management along with a reduction in conifer proportions, resulting in a reduction of beetle predisposition that in turn was accompanied by increasing old-growth forest indicators. Disturbance predisposition was elevated in NFI plots with high avalanche and rockfall protection ***: By evaluating ESB and disturbance predisposition based on single-tree data at a national scale we bridged a gap between detailed, stand-scale assessments and

关键词： Disturbance Ecosystem services Empirical model Forest inventory Scenario analysis

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(Not) an elementary question:How to mobilize the iron in the wall?

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Molecular Plant 2021年第10期14卷 1610-1611页

作者： Stephan clemens Department of Plant Physiology and Faculty of Life Sciences:Food Nutrition and HealthUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstrasse 3095440 BayreuthGermany

Photosynthesis,respiration,and countless other processes are dependent on proteins that carry iron(Fe)as an essential *** Fe was recruited for biological functions early in evolution,it was an available *** Earth's at... 详细信息

关键词： element. elementary sulfide

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Roots dOdge streSs

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Molecular Plant 2023年第12期16卷 1885-1886页

作者： Stephan clemens Department of Plant Physiology University of BayreuthUniversitatsstrasse 3095440BayreuthGermany

A hallmark of plant development is *** system architecture modulation in response to fluctuations of nutrient and water supply is a case in point(Giehl et al.,2014).The formation and length of lateral roots or the density of root hairs are strongly influenced by the availability of macro-and *** actively forage for mineral-rich patches in the typically heterogeneous soil environment and adjust their development systemically to increase the surface for nutrient ***,the opposite can happen as well.A recent study by Wang et al.(2023)convincingly demonstrated an active avoidance of unfavorable conditions by rice *** the seminal root of rice seedlings was placed between two agar blocks,one of them containing cations at toxic concentrations,adventitious roots developed only on the non-stress side,while development on the stress side was arrested(Figure 1).Besides,far more lateral roots were formed than in the absence of asymmetrically applied *** a while,this resulted in a total root biomass equivalent to that of control *** roots,in other words,had successfully shifted away from the stressful environment.

关键词： soil roots Figure

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Effects of ethanol on hepatic cellular replication and cell cycleprogression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第37期13卷 4955-4959页

作者： Dahn L clemens Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Medical Center Omaha Nebraska 68105 United States

Ethanol is a hepatotoxin. It appears that the liver is the target of ethanol induced toxicity primarily because it is the major site of ethanol metabolism. Metabolism of ethanol results in a number of biochemical changes that are thought to mediate the toxicity associated with ethanol abuse. These include the production of acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species, as well as an accumulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide （NADH）. These biochemical changes are associated with the accumulation of fat and mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver. If these changes are severe enough they can themselves cause hepatotoxicity, or they can sensitize the liver to more severe damage by other hepatotoxins. Whether liver damage is the result of ethanol metabolism or some other hepatotoxin, recovery of the liver from damage requires replacement of cells that have been destroyed. It is now apparent that ethanol metabolism not only causes hepatotoxicity but also impairs the replication of normal hepatocytes. This impairment has been shown to occur at both the GI/S, and the G2/M transitions of the cell cycle. These impairments may be the result of activation of the checkpoint kinases, which can mediate cell cycle arrest at both of these transitions. Conversely, because ethanol metabolism results in a number of biochemical changes, there may be a number of mechanisms by which ethanol metabolism impairs cellular replication. It is the goal of this article to review the mechanisms by which ethanol metabolism mediates impairment of hepatic replication.

关键词： Cyclin-dependent kinases Cell cycle Liverregeneration Ethanol metabolism Acetaldehyde Alcoholic liver disease

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Completeness of citizen science biodiversity data from a volunteered geographic information perspective

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2017年第1期20卷 3-13页

作者： clemens Jacobs Alexander Zipf GIScience Research Group Institute of GeographyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Observations of living organisms by citizen scientists that are reported to online portals are a valuable source of *** are also a special kind of volunteered geographic information(VGI).VGI data have issues of completeness,which arise from biases caused by the opportunistic nature of the data collection *** examined the completeness of bird species represented in citizen science observation data from eBird and iNaturalist in US National Parks(NPs).We used approaches for completeness estimation which were developed for data from OpenStreetMap,a crowdsourced map of the ***,we used an extrinsic approach,comparing species lists from citizen science data with National Park Service ***,we examined two intrinsic approaches using total observation numbers in NPs and the development of the number of new species being added to the data-set over *** from the extrinsic approach provided appropriate completeness estimations to evaluate the intrinsic *** found that total observation numbers are a good estimator of species completeness of citizen science data from US *** is also a close relationship between species completeness and the ratio of new species added to observation data *** numbers in a given year.

关键词： Citizen science Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI) data quality completeness

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Electrochemical Fabrication of rGO-embedded Ag-TiO2 Nanoring/Nanotube Arrays for Plasmonic Solar Water Splitting

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Nano-Micro Letters 2019年第4期11卷 674-689页

作者： Lixia Sang Lei Lei clemens Burda Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing MunicipalityCollege of Environmental and Energy EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Center for Chemical Dynamics and Nanomaterials ResearchCase Western Reserve University10900 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH 44106USA

Effective utilization of hot electrons generated from the decay of surface plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles is conductive to improve solar water splitting ***,Ag nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)co-decorated hierarchical TiO2 nanoring/nanotube arrays(TiO2 R/T)were facilely fabricated by using two-step electrochemical anodization,electrodeposition,and photoreduction *** studies were conducted to elucidate the effects of rGO and Ag on the morphology,photoresponse,charge transfer,and photoelectric properties of ***,scanning electron microscope images confirm that the Ag nanoparticles adhered on TiO2 R/T and TiO2 R/T-rGO have similar diameter of 20 nm except for TiO2 R-rGO/***,the UV-Vis DRS and scatter spectra reveal that the optical property of the Ag-TiO2 R/T-rGO ternary composite is enhanced,ascribing to the visible light absorption of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles and the weakening effect of rGO on light ***,intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectra demonstrate that rGO can promote the hot electrons transfer from Ag nanoparticles to Ti substrate,reducing the photogenerated electron-hole ***,Ag-TiO2 R/T-rGO photoanode exhibits high photocurrent density(0.98 mA cm?2)and photovoltage(0.90 V),and the stable H2 evolution rate of 413μL h?1 cm?2 within 1.5 h under AM 1.5 which exceeds by 1.30 times than that of pristine TiO2 R/*** line with the above results,this work provides a reliable route synergizing rGO with plasmonic metal nanoparticles for photocatalysis,in which,rGO presents a broad absorption spectrum and effective photogenerated electrons transfer.

关键词： TiO2 nanoring/nanotube hierarchical structure Reduced graphene oxide Spectral responses Plasmonic Ag nanoparticles Water splitting

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Measurements of Laminar Burning Velocities of Alternative Fuels:Application in Transport and Aerospace

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 503-512页

作者： RICHTER Sandra BRAUN-UNKHOFF Marina NAUMANN clemens German Aerospace Center(DLR) Institute of Combustion TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Kinetics and AnalyticsStuttgart 70569Germany

The laminar burning velocity belongs to the fundamental combustion properties of fuels being a measure for their heat release,flame length,as well as reactivity and combustion stability,and thus,may impact the design of burners and combustion ***,these experimental data are needed for the validation and optimization within the construction and development of detailed chemical kinetic reaction *** this study,an overview of the different applications of fuel characterization regarding the specific area of interest(road transport,aviation,and aerospace)will be *** on the application,effects of different molecular characteristics on the laminar burning velocity are evaluated:the presence of oxygen atoms and the grade of branching in a specific fuel molecule as well as the difference in the type of a chemical bond,here,single and double *** of alternative fuels being discussed in the present study are:(Ⅰ)oxymethylene ether(OMEn)in the field of road transport;(Ⅱ)a paraffinic Alcohol-to-Jet fuel as sustainable aviation fuel;and(Ⅲ)mixtures of ethane or ethene with nitrous oxide as green propellants for rocket propulsion applications.

关键词： laminar burning velocity alternative sustainable fuels road transport aviation fuels green propellants

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Alcoholic pancreatitis:Lessons from the liver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1314-1320页

作者： Dahn L clemens Katrina J Mahan Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center Research Service Veterans Administration Medical Center

The association between alcohol consumption and pancreatitis has been recognized for over 100 years. Despite the fact that this association is well recognized, the mechanisms by which alcohol abuse leads to pancreatic tissue damage are not entirely clear. Alcohol abuse is the major factor associated with pancreatitis in the Western world. Interestingly, although most cases of chronic pancreatitis and many cases of acute pancreatitis are associated with alcohol abuse, only a small percentage of individuals who abuse alcohol develop this disease. This situation is reminiscent of the association between alcohol abuse and the incidence of alcoholic liver disease. The liver and the pancreas are developmentally very closely related. Even though these two organs are quite different, they exhibit a number of general structural and functional similarities. Furthermore, the diseases mediated by alcohol abuse in these organs exhibit some striking similarities. The diseases in both organs are characterized by parenchymal cell damage, activation of stellate cells, aberrant wound healing, and fibrosis. Because of the similarities between the liver and the pancreas, and the alcohol-associated diseases of these organs, we may be able to apply much of the knowledge that we have gained regarding the effects of alcohol on the liver to the pancreas.

关键词： Alcoholic pancreatitis Alcohol metabolism Stellate cells Fibrosis

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Unlocking the potential of weberite-type metal fluorides in electrochemical energy storage

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 883-892页

作者： Holger Euchner Oliver clemens M.Anji Reddy Helmholtz Institute Ulm(HIU)Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz str.1189081 UlmGermany Materials Design by Synthesis Technical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str.264287 DarmstadtGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of NanotechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Sodium-ion batteries(NIBs)are a front-runner among the alternative battery technologies suggested for substituting the state-ofthe-art lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).The specific energy of Na-ion batteries is significantly lower than that of LIBs,which is mainly due to the lower operating potentials and higher molecular weight of sodium insertion cathode *** compete with the high energy density of LIBs,high voltage cathode materials are required for *** we report a theoretical investigation on weberitetype sodium metal fluorides(SMFs),a new class of high voltage and high energy density materials which are so far unexplored as cathode materials for *** weberite structure type is highly favorable for sodium-containing transition metal fluorides,with a large variety of transition metal combinations(M,M’)adopting the corresponding Na_(2)MM’F_(7) structure.A series of known and hypothetical compounds with weberite-type structure were computationally investigated to evaluate their potential as cathode materials for ***-type SMFs show two-dimensional pathways for Na^(+)diffusion with surprisingly low activation *** high energy density combined with low diffusion barriers for Na+makes this type of compounds promising candidates for cathode materials in NIBs.

关键词： battery energy potential

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