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Electrocatalytic conversion of CO_2 to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第2期22卷 202-213页

作者： Chiara Genovese claudio Ampelli Siglinda Perathoner Gabriele Centi Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica Chimica e Ingegneria Industriale and INSTM/CASPE University of Messina V. le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31-98166 Messina Italy

Recent advances on the use of nanocarbon-based electrodes for the electrocatalytic conversion of gaseous streams of CO2 to liquid fuels are discussed in this perspective paper. A novel gas-phase electrocatalytic cell, different from the typical electrochemical systems working in liquid phase, was developed. There are several advantages to work in gas phase, e.g. no need to recover the products from a liquid phase and no problems of CO2 solubility, etc. Operating under these conditions and using electrodes based on metal nanoparticles supported over carbon nanotube （CNT） type materials, long C-chain products （in particular isopropanol under optimized conditions, but also hydrocarbons up to C8-C9） were obtained from the reduction of CO2. Pt-CNT are more stable and give in some cases a higher productivity, but Fe-CNT, particular using N-doped carbon nanotubes, give excellent properties and are preferable to noble-metal-based electrocatalysts for the lower cost. The control of the localization of metal particles at the inner or outer surface of CNT is an importact factor for the product distribution. The nature of the nanocarbon substrate also plays a relevant role in enhancing the productivity and tuning the selectivity towards long C-chain products. The electrodes for the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 are part of a photoelectrocatalytic （PEC） solar cell concept, aimed to develop knowledge for the new generation artificial leaf-type solar cells which can use sunlight and water to convert CO2 to fuels and chemicals. The CO2 reduction to liquid fuels by solar energy is a good attempt to introduce renewables into the existing energy and chemical infrastructures, having a higher energy density and easier transport/storage than other competing solutions （i.e. H2）.

关键词： CO2 conversion solar fuels CNT Fe nanoparticles nanocarbon H2 production

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Microstructure and Thermal Conductivity of Al–Graphene Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy and Hot Rolling Techniques

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第7期30卷 675-687页

作者： Abdollah Saboori Matteo Pavese claudio Badini Paolo Fino Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy

The objective of this research is to improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of Al/GNPs（graphene nanoplatelets） nanocomposites produced by classical powder metallurgy and hot rolling techniques. The microstructural evaluation confirmed the uniform dispersion of GNPs at low content and agglomeration at higher contents of GNPs. The structure of graphene was studied before and after the mixing and the Raman spectrum proofs that the wet mixing has a great potential to be used as a dispersion method. There was no significant peak corresponding to the Al_4C_3 formation in both the differential scanning calorimetry curves and X-ray diffraction patterns. The microstructural observation in both fabrication techniques showed grain refinement as a function of the GNPs content. Moreover, the introduction of the GNPs not only improved the Vickers hardness of the composites but also decreased their density. The thermal conductivity investigations showed that in both the press-sintered and hot-rolled samples, although the thermal conductivity of composites was improved at low GNPs contents, it was negatively affected at high GNPs contents.

关键词： Aluminum Graphene Thermal conductivity Powder metallurgy Microstructure

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Covariation between personalities and individual differences in coping with stress:Converging evidence and hypotheses

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Current Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 728-740页

作者： claudio CARERE Doretta CARAMASCHI Tim W. FAWCETT Dipartimento di Ecologia e Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile Università della Tuscia GRIP Université de Montréal 3050douard-Montpetit

In the past decade there has been a profusion of studies highlighting covariation between individual differences instress physiology and behavioural profiles, here called personalities. Such individual differences in ways of coping with stress arerelevant both in biomedicine, since different personalities may experience a different stress and disease vulnerability, and in behaviouralecology, since their adaptive value and evolutionary maintenance are the subject of debate. However, the precise way inwhich individual stress differences and personalities are linked is unclear. Here we provide an updated overview of this covariationacross different species and taxa, consider its functional significance and present working hypotheses for how behaviouraland physiological responses to stress might be causally linked, affecting life-history traits such as dispersal and

关键词：变压力行为生态学证据人物个性差异个体差异生活史特征逆境生理

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Rhyacian-Orosirian tectonic history of the Juiz de Fora Complex:Evidence for an Archean crustal reservoir within an island-arc system

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 350-369页

作者： Rasec Almeida Vitalino Elizeu Henrique Bruno Samuel Moreira Bersan Lucas Eduardo de Abreu Barbosa Araujo Ivo Dussin claudio de Morisson Valeriano Carla Neto Monica Heilbron Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de GeologiaTektos–Grupo de Pesquisa em GeotectônicaRua São Francisco Xavier 524MaracanãRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratório de Geocronologia e Isótopos Radiogênicos Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRua São Francisco Xavier 524MaracanãRio de JaneiroBrazil

The southern São Francisco Paleocontinent(SFP)comprises Archean nuclei and Paleoproterozoic complexes encompassing magmatic arcs juxtaposed during a Rhyacian to Orosirian orogenic *** Juiz de Fora Complex(JFC)represents an imbricated thrust system that comprises orthogranulites with a wide compositional range formed in an intra-oceanic setting during the Siderian to the Orosirian and later accreted to the southeastern margin of the *** we report new petrological,geochemical,whole-rock Nd and Sr data,as well as zircon U–Pb ages from felsic and mafic orthogranulites from the *** new data is combined with a regional compilation that enables an evaluation of the interaction between magmatism and orogenetic episodes in the context of the consolidation of São Francisco Paleocontinent during the Rhyacian–*** collisional Island Arc tholeiites(IAT),Tonalites-Tron dhjemites-Granodiorites(TTGs)and sanukitoid magmatism occurred from 2200 Ma to 2085 *** was followed by post-collisional magmatism,which is represented by hybrid granitoids coeval with the emplacement of E-MORB basic *** signatures for the Rhyacian to Orosirian evolution are highlighted by the dominance of negativeεNd(t)associated with Meso-to Neoarchean Nd TDMmodel ages as well as inherited zircon grains from the hybrid *** JFC is extensively highlighted in the literature as a primitive intra-oceanic arc,but here we propose the reworking or recycling of ancient crustal segments within the mature arc stage of the JFC,suggesting a Mesoarchean crustal source involved in the JFC evolution.

关键词： Juiz de Fora complex Paleoproterozoic magmatic arc TTG and sanukitoid São Francisco Paleocontinent

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On the possibility that PbZrO_(3) not be antiferroelectric

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1812-1821页

作者： Hugo Aramberri claudio Cazorla Massimiliano Stengel Jorge Íñiguez Materials Research and Technology Department Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology5 Avenue des Hauts-FourneauxL-4362 Esch/AlzetteLuxembourg Departament de Física Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaCampus Nord B4-B5Barcelona 08034Spain Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona(ICMAB-CSIC) Campus UAB08193 BellaterraSpain ICREA-InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats 08010 BarcelonaSpain Department of Physics and Materials Science University of Luxembourg41 Rue du BrillBelvaux L-4422Luxembourg

Lead zirconate(PbZrO_(3))is considered the prototypical antiferroelectric material with an antipolar ground ***,several experimental and theoretical works hint at a partially polar behaviour in this compound,indicating that the polarization may not be completely *** this work,we propose a simple ferrielectric structure for lead ***-principles calculations reveal this state to be more stable than the commonly accepted antiferroelectric phase at low temperatures,possibly up to room temperature,suggesting that PbZrO_(3)may not be antiferroelectric at ambient *** discuss the implications of our discovery,how it can be reconciled with experimental observations and how the ferrielectric phase could be obtained in practice.

关键词： ferroelectric ambient phase

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Treatment with neurohormonal inhibitors and prognostic outcome in pulmonary arterial hypertension with risk factors for left heart disease

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第2期11卷 85-91页

作者： Riccardo Scagliola claudio Brunelli Manrico Balbi Cardiovascular Disease Unit IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenova 16132GenovaItaly

BACKGROUND Despite major advances in pharmacologic treatment,patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)still have a considerably reduced life *** this context,chronic hyperactivity of the neurohormonal axis has been shown to be detrimental in PAH,thus providing novel insights on the role of neurohormonal blockade as a potential therapeutic *** To evaluate the application and prognostic effect of neurohormonal inhibitors(NEUi)in a single-center sample of patients with idiopathic PAH and risk factors for left heart *** We analyzed data retrospectively collected from our register of right heart catheterizations performed consecutively from January 1,2005 to October 31,*** on beta-blocker,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,angiotensin receptor blocker or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist at the time of right heart catheterization were classified as NEUi users and compared to NEUi *** Complete data were available for 57 PAH subjects:27 of those(47.4%)were taking at least one NEUi at the time of right heart catheterization and were compared with the remaining 36 NEUi *** users were older and had a higher cardiovascular risk profile compared to ***,NEUi non-users had a higher probability of dying during the course of follow-up than NEUi recipients(56.7%vs 25.9%,log-rank P=0.020).CONCLUSION The above data highlighted a subgroup of patients with PAH and comorbidities for left heart disease in which NEUi use has shown to be associated with improved *** prospective studies are needed to identify the most appropriate therapeutic strategies in this subset population.

关键词： Pulmonary arterial hypertension Left heart disease Neurohormonal inhibitors Prognostic outcome Right heart catheterization Pharmacological treatment

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GPS tracking of non-breeding ravens reveals the importance of anthropogenic food sources during their dispersal in the Eastern Alps

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Current Zoology 2016年第4期62卷 337-344页

作者： Matthias-claudio LORETTO Richard SCHUSTER Thomas BUGNYAR Department of Cognitive Biology University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 A-1090 vienna Konrad Lorenz Forschungsstelle Core Facility for Behaviour and Cognition University of Vienna Fischerau 11 A-4645 GrLinau im Almtal Austria CDepartment of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver B.C. Canada V6T1Z4

In many songbirds, the space use of breeders is well studied but poorly understood for non-breeders. In common ravens, some studies of non-breeders indicate high vagrancy with large individual differences in home range size, whereas others show that up to 40% of marked non-breeders can be regularly observed at the same anthropogenic food source over months to years. The aim of this study was to provide new insights on ravens' behavior during dispersal in the Eastern Alps. We deployed Global Positioning System (GPS) loggers on 10 individuals to gather accurate spatial and temporal information on their movements to quantify: 1) the dimension of the birds' space use (home range size with seasonal effects and daily/long-term travel distances), 2) how long they stayed in a dispersal stage of wandering as opposed to settling temporarily, and 3) their destination of movements. We recorded movements of up to 40 km per hour, more than 160 km within 1 day and more than 11,000 km within 20 months, indicating high vagrancy. Switching frequently between temporarily settling and travelling large distances in short time intervals leads to extensive home ranges, which also explains and combines the different findings in the literature. The destinations are rich anthropogenic food sources, where the birds spent on average 75% of their time. We discuss how ravens may find these "feeding hot spots" and which factors may influence their decision to stay/leave a site. The strong dependence on anthropogenic resources found in this population may have implications for site management and conservation issues.

关键词： Corvus corax common raven dispersal kernel density non-breeder space use

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State-of-the-Art Research on Technology Innovation Management in China

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Frontiers of Business Research in China 2013年第3期7卷 402-432页

作者： claudio Petti Department of Engineering for Innovation Faculty of Engineering University of Salento Lecce73100 Italy

The two latest Five-Year Plans of China call for an increasing focus of the whole country on technology-based innovation. Moreover, China＇s ambition to become an innovation-oriented nation has attracted widespread international interest and academic studies in technology and innovation management. However by now, there is still not a rigorous amount of the research in this field as regards to China. This paper reports a comprehensive review of the research published between 2002 and 2011 in twelve top technology and innovation management international journals. Overall, a sample of 241 relevant articles in 780 issues is used as the basis for the study. The result is a map of the main research topics, their influence, and the availability of tested empirical data, which traces a state-of-the-art research on technology innovation management in China. Discussion on the map draws avenues for further research and insights for both researchers and policy makers on why, where and how to advance knowledge in the field, with a particular focus on implications for developing cooperation at the enterprise level.

关键词： technological innovation technology innovation management China

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Marine propellers performance and flow-field prediction by a free-wake panel method

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第5期26卷 780-795页

作者： GRECO Luca MUSCARI Roberto TESTA claudio DI MASCIO Andrea CNR-INSEAN Italian Ship Model BasinRomeItaly CNR-IAC Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "M. Picone"RomeItaly

A Boundary Element Method （BEM） hydrodynamics combined with a flow-alignment technique to evaluate blades shed vorticity is presented and applied to a marine propeller in open water. Potentialities and drawbacks of this approach in capturing propeller performance, slipstream velocities, blade pressure distribution and pressure disturbance in the flow-field are highlighted by comparisons with available experiments and RANSE results. In particular, correlations between the shape of the convected vortex- sheet and the accuracy of BEM results are discussed throughout the paper. To this aim, the analysis of propeller thrust and torque is the starting point towards a detailed discussion on the capability of a 3-D free-wake BEM hydrodynamic approach to describe the local features of the flow-field behind the propeller disk, in view of applications to propulsive configurations where the shed wake plays a dominant role.

关键词： BEM hydrodynamics free-wake analysis BEM-RANSE comparison

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Using remote sensing to assess impacts of land management policies in the Ordos rangelands in China

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第S2期6卷 81-102页

作者： Weicheng Wu Eddy De Pauw claudio Zucca International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA)/CGIAR AmmanJordan Pedology and Land Degradation Department of Agriculture and Desertification Research Group(NRD)University of Sassari07100 SassariItaly

Implementation of land management policies influences land use and hence causes environmental *** the Ordos rangelands in China as a case study,this paper explores the potential of remote sensing to assess in dryland areas the impacts of policies on the *** Landsat images of the period 19782010 were acquired and those corresponding to the starting dates of implementation of different policies were selected for land-cover change analysis;others were used to check the detected change and track the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)trajectory matched with time series of meteorological data for calibration of natural response of rangelands to *** results indicate that policy impacts are complex and include both positive and negative aspects depending on the locality in *** one hand,policies have aroused the enthusiasm of people in agricultural production and sandcontrol leading to the recovery of about 2618 km2 of desertified rangeland and sandy land,and economic growth,on the other hand,provoked vegetation degradation with an accumulated area of 2439 km2 when policies cannot reconcile the conflict between environmental protection and the interest of rural ***,degradation is not absolute and can be mitigated by the implementation of rational policies.

关键词： land use/cover change multi-temporal remote sensing human intervention spatial variability NDVI trajectory

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