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Repeated inoculations of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (bCG) are needed to induce a strong humoral immune response against antigens expressed by the bacteria

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Open Journal of Immunology 2013年第3期3卷 71-81页

作者： Monique C. da silva Elena b. Lasunskaia Wilmar Dias da silva Laboratory of biology of Recognition Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Campos Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory of Immunochemistry Institute Butantan S&atilde o paulo Brazil

The cellular immune response elicited by Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (bCG) has been carefully investigated, but the humoral immune response has been partially neglected. bALb/c mice were immunized with bCG strain used to immunize humans. Anti-bCG antibodies, as assayed by ELISA, began to appear in the sera after the third week of immunization and plateaued three weeks after the 8th immunization. The total immunoglobulins (Igs) were purified by caprylic acid method from pooled serum collected after the 8th immunization. Anti-bCG antigen antibodies were detected in the total Igs preparation as well as in IgG, IgM, IgA, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b, but not in the IgG3. Distinct bCG proteins were recognized the IgGs in Western blot analysis. Opsonization of bCG bacilli by the purified Igs potentiated internalization of the bacteria by murine Raw 264.7 macrophages. The intracellular bCG elimination coincided with the induction of NO production, which was more pronounced in cells infected with opsonized bCG compared to those infected with the non-opsonized bacteria. Coincidently, the production of NO was also higher in macrophages infected with opsonized bCG (maximal NO production at 48 h of incubation). The obtained results demonstrate that repeated inoculations of bCG effectively activate the humoral immune response, justifying the use of bCG as a live recombinant vaccine vector to insert genes encoding virulence factors controlled by antibodies.

关键词： Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin bCG Antibodies Opsonization bacterial Killing

Effects of functional training on geometric indices of heart rate variability

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第2期5卷 183-189页

作者： Marianne p.C.de Rezende barbosa Jayme Netto Júnior bruna M.Cassemiro Aline Fernanda b.bernardo Anne K.Fran?a da silva Franciele M.Vanderlei Carlos Marcelo pastre Luiz Carlos M.Vanderlei physiotherapy Department University of Estadual Paulista Laboratory of Stress physiology Physiotherapy Department University of Estadual Paulista

background： Geometric methods provide an analysis of autonomic modulation using the geometric properties of the resulting pattern, and represent an interesting tool in the analysis of heart rate variability （HRV）. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of functional training on cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy young women using the geometric indices of HRV. Methods： Data were analyzed from 29 women, and were stratified into a functional training group （FTG, n = 13; 23.00 ± 2.51 years; 21.90± 2.82 kg/m2） and a control group （CG, n = 16; 20.56 ± 1.03 years; 22.12±3.86 kg/m2）. The FTG received periodized functional training for 12 weeks. The cardiac autonomic modulation of both groups was evaluated before and after this training, and a qualitative analysis was performed using the poincar6 plot. Results： There was a significant increase in the difference of the triangular index （RRTri）, SDI, SD2, and RR intervals in the FTG as compared to the CG, and the qualitative analysis from the poincar6 plot showed an increase in the dispersion of beat-to-beat and long-term RR intervals in the functional group after training. No changes were observed in the triangular interpolation of RR interval histogram （TINN） or SD1/SD2. Conclusion： Functional training had a beneficial impact on autonomic modulation, as characterized by increased parasympathetic activity and overall variability, thus highlighting the clinical usefulness of this type of training.

关键词： Autonomic nervous system Exercise Heart rate Resistance training Young adult

Strain Sensitivity Enhancement in Suspended Core Fiber Tapers

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photonic Sensors 2013年第2期3卷 118-123页

作者： Ricardo M. ANDRE Susana O. silva Martin bECKER Kay SCHUSTER M. ROTHARDT H. bARTELT Manuel b. MARQUES Orlando FRAZAO INESC porto Rua do Campo Alegre 687 4169-007 Porto Portugal Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia da Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do porto Rua do Campo Alegre 687 4169-007 Porto Portugal pHT Institute for Photonic Technology Jena Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 07745 Jena Germany

Suspended core fiber tapers with different cross sections （with diameters from 70μm to 120 μm） are produced by filament heating. before obtaining the taper, the spectral behavior of the suspended core fiber is a multimode interference structure. When the taper is made, an intermodal interference between a few modes is observed. This effect is clearly visible for low taper core dimensions. Since the core and cladding do not collapse, two taper regions exist, one in the core and the other in the cladding. The cladding taper does not affect the light transmission, only the core is reduced to a microtaper. The spectral response of the microtaper based-suspended core fiber is similar to a beat of two interferometers. The strain is applied to the microtaper, and with the reduction in the transverse area, an increase in sensitivity is observed. When the taper is immersed in a liquid with a different index of refraction or subjected to temperature variations, no spectral change Occurs.

关键词： Optical fiber sensor taper microstructured fiber

Geochemical,mineralogical,and petrological characteristics of the Cretaceous coal from the middle benue Trough basin,Nigeria:Implication for coal depositional environments

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第3期3卷 300-313页

作者： Segun A.Akinyemi James C.Hower Henry Y.Madukwe bemgba b.Nyakuma Mohammed b.Nasirudeen Timileyin A.Olanipekun Rabelani Mudzielwana Mugera W.Gitari Luis F.O.silva Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceEkiti State UniversityP.M.B 5363Ado EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Energy Environmental and Nanosciences GroupDepartment of GeologyEkiti State UniversityP.M.B 5363Ado-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria University of Kentucky Centre for Applied Energy Research2540 ResearchPark DriveLexingtonKY40511USA Department of Earth&Environmental Sciences University of KentuckyLexingtonKY40506USA Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesBenue State UniversityP.M.B.102119MakurdiBenue StateNigeria Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceFederal University of LafiaP.M.B.146LafiaNasarawa StateNigeria Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences Albert Ludwigs Universitat FreiburgAlbert Straße 23-B79104Freiburg breisgau Germany Department of Ecology and Resources Management University of VendaPrivate BagX5050Thohoyandou0950LimpopoSouth Africa Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCalle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia

The benue Trough basin (bTb) of Nigeria is geologically and geo-morphologically subdivided into upper,middle, and lower segments. The bTb is the subject of geological research due to its rich coal depositsthat have the potential for oil and gas. The purpose of the present study is to examine the origins,depositional environments, and thermal history of the selected coals and the processes that influencetheir quality. Coal samples from different open cast coal mines in the middle bTb were examined usingproximate and ultimate, x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), laser ablation induced coupledplasma (LA-ICpMS), and petrographical analyses. The coal samples contained mainly quartz, kaolinite,and organic carbon. The XRD spectra peaks revealed the triclinic and monoclinic structure of kaolin. TheSiO2/Al2O3 ratios confirmed the dominance of quartz and kaolinite. The Ni/Co versus V/Cr, Cu/Zn, and V/Mo values in the studied coals suggest oxic depositional environments, whereas the V/(Ni þ V) and V/(V þ Cr) values indicate oxic to suboxic conditions. The Ce/Ce* values are slightly below 1, which indicates a suboxic depositional environment. Maceral texture is indicative of transformations from subbituminous to high volatile C or b bituminous coal. The maceral components and mineral matter(10%) of the studied coals imply deposition in the planar margin mire, and a river system of planarmargin mire environments, respectively. The high gelification index (GI) and tissue preservation index(TpI) values indicate peat accumulation developed within a wet forest swamp. The ternary diagram ofthe maceral component suggests deposition in a wet moor environment with intermittent moderate tohigh flooding episodes. The studied coals are sub-hydrous vitrinite inferring hydrogen-poor and thermally immature characteristics. The low V and Ni contents, low H/C and high O/C, indicate Type IIIterrestrial organic matter with the potential to generate gaseous hydrocarbons. The investi

关键词： Coal Maceral Trace elements Mineralogy Depositional environments

Nutritional,rheological and sensory properties of butter processed with different mixtures of cow and sheep milk cream

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Food bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 487-497页

作者： Renata S Dias Celso F.balthazar Rodrigo N.Cavalcanti Louise A.Sobral Jessica F.Rodrigues Roberto p.CNeto Maria Inˆes b.Tavares Ana paula b.Ribeiro Renato Grimaldi Celso Sant’Anna Erick A.Esmerino Tatiana C.pimentel Marcia Cristina silva Adriano G.Cruz Instituto Federal de Educaç˜ao Ciˆencia e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro(IFRJ)Departamento de AlimentosRJBrazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMp) Faculdade de Engenharia de AlimentosCampinasSPBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Escola de QuimicaRJBrazil Instituto Federal of Minas Gerais(IFMG) Departamento de Ciˆencias Agr´ariasBambuíMGBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Instituto de Macromol´eculas Professora Eloisa Mano(IMA)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto Federal do paran´a(IFpR) ParanavaíPRBrazil g Instituto Nacional de MetrologiaNormalizaç˜ao Qualidade Industrial(affnInmetro) Duque de Caxias25250-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade Federal Fluminense(UFF) Faculdade de Medicina VeterinariaNiter´oiRJBrazil

This study assessed the quality parameters and consumer perception and behavior of butter processed with different ratios of cow and sheep milk *** milk cream butter(CMCb)showed lower moisture content and higher fat content,smaller fat globules,and higher concentrations of long-chain saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids,resulting in improved potential health *** addition,CMCb showed yellow color,little salt,and butter taste as the main sensory characteristics,resulting in grateful and good digestibility *** milk cream addition improved the rheological properties of the products(lower viscosity,consistency index,and rigidity(J0),and higher fluidity and viscoelastic behavior(J1)),mainly due to the increased concentrations of short-chain and medium-chain saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty ***,sheep milk cream butter(SMCb)was characterized by a greasy and striking aroma,with a lower perception of good digestibility and good appearance,and a higher bitter *** association of cow and sheep milk cream could be an exciting option to obtain products with improved fatty acid profiles,health indices,and yet maintain desired rheological and sensory *** formulation with 60%sheep milk cream and 40%cow milk cream would be the suggested combination.

关键词： Sheep milk bovine milk Quality parameters butter

Current advances in solid free-form techniques for osteochondral tissue engineering

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bio-Design and Manufacturing 2018年第3期1卷 171-181页

作者： Joao bebiano Costa Joana silva-Correia Rui Luis Reis Joaquim Miguel Oliveira b's Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute onBiomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics University ofMinho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellenceon Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AveParkParque de Ciencia e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 Barco Guimaraes Portugal ICVS/3b's-pT Government Associate Laboratory Braga Guimarfies Portugal The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and precisionMedicine Headquarters at University of MinhoAvepark 4805-017 Barco Guimaraes Portugal

Osteochondral （OC） lesions are characterized by defects in two different zones, the cartilage region and subchondral bone region. These lesions are frequently associated with mechanical instability, as well as osteoarthritic degenerative changes in the knee. The lack of spontaneous healing and the drawbacks of the current treatments have increased the attention from the scientific community to this issue. Different tissue engineering approaches have been attempted using different polymers and different scaffolds＇ processing. However, the current conventional techniques do not allow the full control over scaffold fabrication, and in this type of approaches, the tuning ability is the key to success in tissue regeneration. In this sense, the researchers have placed their efforts in the development of solid free-form （SFF） techniques. These techniques allow tuning different properties at the micro-macro scale, creating scaffolds with appropriate features for OC tissue engineering. In this review, it is discussed the current SFF techniques used in OC tissue engineering and presented their promising results and current challenges.

关键词： Solid free-form Osteochondral Tissue engineering Scaffolds

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on growth,viability and reactive oxygen species levels in small antral follicles cultured in vitro

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2023年第1期12卷 42-48页

作者： Efigênia b.Cordeiro bianca R.silva Laís R.F.M.paulino pedro A.A.barroso Laryssa G.barrozo Miguel F.de Lima Neto JoséR.V.silva Laboratory of biotechnology and physiology of Reproduction Federal University of CearaAv.Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 10062041-040SobralCEBrazil

Objective:To investigate the effects of different concentrations of N-acetylcysteine on follicular growth and morphology,as well as on viability,levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and meiotic progression of oocytes from in vitro cultured bovine early antral ***:Isolated early antral follicles(about 500μm)were cultured in TCM-199+alone or supplemented with 1.0,5.0 or 25.0 mM N-acetylcysteine at 38.5℃with 5%CO_(2) for 8 *** diameters were evaluated at day 0,4 and 8 of *** the end of culture,the levels of ROS,chromatin configuration and viability(calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1 staining)were investigated in the cumulus-oocyte *** of follicle diameters between treatments were *** on percentages of morphologically normal follicles,growth rates and chromatin configuration in different treatments were ***:An increase in follicular diameters after culture in all treatments was observed,except for follicles cultured with 25.0 mM *** microscopy showed that oocytes cultured in all treatments were stained positively with calcein AM,and that 5.0 mM N-acetylcysteine reduced fluorescence for ethidium *** levels of ROS in oocytes from follicles cultured with 1.0 mM N-acetylcysteine showed a significant reduction compared to other *** presence of N-acetylcysteine in culture medium did not influence the rates of oocyte at the germinal vesicle ***:N-acetylcysteine at concentrations of 1.0 and 5.0 mM reduces ROS levels and staining for ethidium homodimer-1 in in vitro cultured follicles,respectively,while 25.0 mM N-acetylcysteine decreases follicular growth and the percentages of continuously growing follicles.

关键词： Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine Antral follicles bovine Reactive oxygen species

The role of natural killer cells in the uterine microenvironment during pregnancy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第11期15卷 941-943页

作者： Julia p.Andreotti Ana E.paiva pedro H.D.M.prazeres Daniel A.p.Guerra Walison N.silva Rogerio S.Vaz Akiva Mintz Alexander birbrair Department of pathology Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Department of biotechnology and bioprocess Engineering Federal University of ParanaCuritibaPRBrazil Department of Radiology Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA

pregnancy is a choreographed physiological phenomenon that involves maternal-fetal *** the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this communication will allow us to develop therapies for gestational *** is known about the role of natural killer(NK)cells in the uterine *** a recent study,Fu et al.(2017)used state-of-art technologies and showed that NK cells stimulate fetal growth via growth-promoting factors.

关键词： killer fetal uterine

Adaptation of forest management to climate change as perceived by forest owners and managers in belgium

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 22-32页

作者： Rita Sousa-silva Quentin ponette Kris Verheyen Ann Van Herzele bart Muys Ku Leuven Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Celestijnenlaan 200E Box 24113001 Leuven Belgium Earth and Life Institute Environmental Sciences Universite catholique de Louvain Croix du Sud 2 Box L7.05.091348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium. Forest & Nature Lab Ghent University Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267 9090 Melle-Gontrode Belgium. Nature & Society Research Group Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO) Kliniekstraat 25 B-1070 Brussels Belgium. Forest Institute (EFIMED) Sant Pau Historical Site Sant Leopold Pavilion Carrer Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167 08025 Barcelona Spain.

background： Climate change is likely to cause significant modifications in forests. Rising to this challenge may require adaptation of forest management, and therefore should trigger proactive measures by forest managers, but it is unclear to what extent this is already happening. Methods： The survey carried out in this research assesses how forest stakeholders in belgium perceive the role of their forest management in the context of climate change and the impediments that limit their ability to prepare and respond to these changes. Results： Respondents indicated strong awareness of the changing climate, with more than two-thirds （71%） expressing concern about the impacts of climate change on their forests. However, less than one-third of the respondents （32 %） reported modifying their management practices motivated by climate change. Among the major constraints limiting their climate red,ted ~ctions, lack of ic^formation was considered the most important for managers of both public and private forests. Conclusions： Knowledge transfer is an essential condition for research to lead to innovation. Improving the communication and demonstration of possible solutions for climate change adaptation is therefore likely to be the most effective strategy for increasing their adoption.

关键词： Adaptation Adoption belief Stakeholders Internet survey Logistic regression