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Host-parasite interactions in perpetual darkness:Macroparasite diversity in the cavefish Astyanax mexicanus

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 782-792页

作者： Ana Santacruz David Hernández-Mena Ramses Miranda-Gamboa Gerardo Pérez-ponce De León claudia Patricia Ornelas-García Departamento de Zoología Instituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxico City CP 04510México Departamento de Sistemas y Procesos Naturales Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MéridaUcúYucatán CP 97357México Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTemixcoMorelos CP 62580México Colección Nacional de Peces Departamento de ZoologíaInstituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxico City CP 04510México Stowers Institute for Medical Research Kansas CityMO 64110USA

Astyanax mexicanus has repeatedly colonized cave environments,displaying evolutionary parallelisms in many troglobitic traits.Despite being a model system for the study of adaptation to life in perpetual darkness,the parasites that infect cavefish are practically unknown.In this study,we investigated the macroparasite communities in 18 cavefish populations from independent lineages and compared them with the parasite diversity found in their sister surface fish populations,with the aim of better understanding the role that parasites play in the colonization of new environments.Within the cavefish populations,we identified 13 parasite taxa,including a subset of 10 of the 27 parasite taxa known for the surface populations.Parasites infecting the cavefish belong to five taxonomic groups,including trematodes,monogeneans,nematodes,copepods,and acari.Monogeneans are the most dominant group,found in 14 caves.The macroparasites include species with direct life cycles and trophic transmission,including invasive species.Surprisingly,paired comparisons indicate higher parasite richness in the cavefish than in the surface fish.Spatial variation in parasite composition across the caves suggests historical and geographical contingencies in the host-parasite colonization process and potential evolution of local adaptations.This base-line data on parasite diversity in cavefish populations of A.mexicanus provides a foundation to explore the role of divergent parasite infections under contrasting ecological pressures(cave vs.surface environments)in the evolution of cave adaptive traits.

关键词： Adaptation Metazoan parasites Niche change Parasite assemblage Prevalence

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Food-derived peptides with inhibitory capacity for HMG-CoA reductase activity: a potential nutraceutical for hypercholesterolemia

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年

作者： Guillermo Santos-Sánchez Ana Isabel álvarez-López Eduardo ponce-Espa?a Patricia Judith Lardone Antonio carrillo-Vico Ivan Cruz-Chamorro Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla HUVR Junta de Andalucía CSIC) Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología Universidad de Sevilla

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading global cause of mortality and disease burden. Statins are the most prescribed lipid-lowering drugs to treat hypercholesterolemia and prevent CVDs. The biochemical mechanism of statins consists of competitive inhibition of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase enzyme (HMG-CoAR)， the limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Due to statin intolerance in some patient groups， the search for new inhibitors is a field of great interest. This review focusses on the studies reporting the inhibitory effect of protein hydrolysates and biopeptides on the HMG-CoAR enzyme activity. The analysis of the action mechanism and physicochemical characteristics of the HMG-CoAR inhibitory peptides revealed that the molecular weight， amino acid composition， charge， and polarity are key aspects of the interaction with the HMG-CoAR enzyme. In conclusion， this review reveals the potential of using food peptides as new cholesterol-lowering agents and opens a new interesting field of research. However， clinical approaches are mandatory to confirm their therapeutic hypercholesterolemic effect.

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Dermatoscopy in the Diagnosis of Vulvar Basal Cell Carcinoma:A Case Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2022年第2期5卷 107-109页

作者： Diego Adolfo de los Cobos Davaios Rodrigo Cepeda-Valdes Luis Fernando Favela-Fernandez claudia Villarreal-carrillo Julio Cesar Salas-Alanis Debra Mexico GuadalupeNuevo León 67150Mexico Julio Salas Dermatology GuadalupeNuevo León 67150Mexico Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterreyNuevo León 67150México.

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignancy commonly in white people, but in less than 1% of cases it may appear on unexposed areas, like the perineal and anal regions. Vulvar BCC is often diagnosed late because it grows slowly and tends to be asymptomatic, with no specific physical findings. Here, we present a rare Latin patient with a 10-year history of vulvar BCC with dermatoscopic and histopathologic findings.Case report: A 65-year-old Latin woman presented with a nodule on her left labium majus, which she first noted 10 years ago, and that had grown slowly but constantly. She also reported a 20-year history of pruritus and occasional pain. Physical examination showed a 3.5 cm × 3.0 cm erythematous lesion with a central rough without inguinal lymphadenopathy. Contact dermatoscopy (Dermalite DL3 Gen.) showed one blurred cluster of arborising vessels in a pinkish background with white homogeneous areas and lines radial converging. An incisional biopsy was realized, and histopathology diagnosed BCC.Discussion: Vulvar BCC is a rare malignancy that affects mainly Caucasian women over 70 years of age. The most common etiology for BCC is ultraviolet radiation, but as the vulva is unexposed its cause is unclear. Mutations in tumor suppressor and regulatory genes such as p53 are present in 50% of cases. Gorlin syndrome, chronic radiation, chronic arsenic exposure, xeroderma pigmentosum, and immunosuppression have been considered as risk factors.Conclusion: Vulvar BCC characteristics are the same as other cutaneous forms, featuring blue ovoid nests and arborizing telangiectasia, confused with inflammatory diseases, such as eczema, psoriasis, and chronic infection (especially if it is accompanied by pruritus), this makes diagnosis complex, with a delay of 5 to 6 years on average, with an average size of 2.1 cm. Diagnosis is enhanced with dermatoscopy, as the preferred treatment for most BCC cases is wide surgical excision.

关键词： basal cell carcinoma cancer case report latino tumors woman

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Neuromyelitis optica and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 147-157页

作者： Angela Huang Aroucha Vickers claudia M.Prospero ponce Andrew G.Lee Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTXUSA Department of Ophthalmology Blanton Eye InstituteHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTXUSA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA Departments of Ophthalmology Neurologyand NeurosurgeryWeill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNYUSA The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTXUSA Texas A and M College of Medicine College StationBryanTXUSA The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa CityIAUSA The University of Buffalo BuffaloNYUSA

Neuromyelitis optica(NMO)refers to an antibody mediated,inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system(CNS)characterized by recurrent or monophasic attacks of optic neuritis and myelitis.Most patients with NMO possess a specific serum immunoglobin,NMO-IgG,which can serve as a biomarker for NMO.The autoantibodies target aquaporin-4(AQP4),the main water channel protein found in the CNS including the brain,spinal cord,and optic nerve.The remaining 10-25%of patients are seronegative for NMO-IgG despite meeting the diagnostic criteria for NMO.Recent studies have shown that a subset of these patients is seropositive for antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG).This paper will provide an overview of the current English scientific literature published regarding the history,epidemiology,AQP4 biomarker,MOG biomarker,diagnosis,clinical features,related diseases in NMO spectrum disorder(NMOSD),and treatments of NMO.

关键词： Neuromyelitis optica(NMO) Devic disease aquaporin-4 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)

Candelilla Wax as Natural Slow-Release Matrix for Fertilizers Encapsulated by Spray Chilling

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第3期6卷 226-236页

作者： Noe Navarro-Guajardo Edgar Miguel Garcia-carrillo Carlos Espinoza-Gonzalez Ruben Tellez-Zablah Fatima Davila-Hernandez Jorge Romero-Garcia Antonio Ledezma-Perez Jesus Alfonso Mercado-Silva claudia Anahi Perez Torres Nicolaza Pariona Technological Institute of Saltillo Blvd.Venustiano Carranza 2400C.P.25280SaltilloCoahuilaMéxico Research Center for Applied Chemistry Sonomimetikos Research GroupBlvd.Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140C.P.25294SaltilloCoahuilaMéxico Research Center for Applied Chemistry National Laboratory of GrapheneBlvd.Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140C.P.25294SaltilloCoahuilaMéxico CONACyT–Institute of Ecology A.C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351El HayaC.P.91070XalapaVeracruzMéxico Network for Advanced Molecular Studies Institute of Ecology A.C.Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351El HayaC.P.91070XalapaVeracruzMéxico

Efforts to improve crop yields with efficient use of fertilizers are needed to guarantee global food security.Enhanced slow-release fertilizer systems(SRFs)encapsulated in biodegradable matrices are being developed to address this global concern.From a wide range of strategies for SRFs development,we explored a natureinspired solution based on the plant cuticle model and its function as a membrane for water and nutrient transport control.Here,Candelilla wax,extracted from Candelilla wild plants(Euphorbia antisyphilitica),is studied as a renewable slow-release matrix for fertilizers encapsulated by a modified spray chilling process.From this process,microencapsulates containing 40 wt%of phosphorus fertilizer are obtained with distinctive sizes and chemical characteristics,presenting a slow-release behavior.Considering the abovementioned features,novel insights into fertilizer release mechanisms based on plant cuticle models are discussed.

关键词： Candelilla wax encapsulation phosphorus slow-release fertilizers(SRFs) spray chilling

Comparative Analysis of Post-Rehabilitation Neuropsychological Profile of a Patient with Susac Syndrome—A Case Report

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2021年第3期12卷 79-89页

作者： Jimmy Zúñiga-Márquez Nataly Gutierrez-Ávila Patricia Quintero-Cusgüen José Traslaviña-Sierra Leidy Salazar-Tapiero Lady carrillo-Alba Lina Caquimbo-Salazar claudia Murillo-Espinosa Michel Hernández Hospital Universitario de la Samaritana Bogotá Colombia Neuropsychological Assessment and Diagnosis Specialization Program School of Psychology Universidad San Buenaventura Bogotá Bogotá Colombia

Susac Syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the clinical triad of encephalopathy, hearing loss and retinal arterial occlusions, with prevalent structural changes identified on brain magnetic resonance imaging (white matter, corpus callosum, basal ganglia region and the thalamic region extending to the midbrain) in the majority of cases, which lead to cognitive manifestations of which there is a paucity of descriptions in the literature. The objective of this case study is to compare to post-rehabilitation neurocognitive profile of a 29-year-old woman with SS presenting with compromised intellectual and motor skills and cognitive functions, together with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Better performance was found in the neuropsychological assessment, with changes in the structural cerebral network evidenced on Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) performed following the therapeutic and pharmacological intervention.

关键词： Susac Syndrome Demyelinating Disease Neuropsychological Assessment Rehabilitation

Metal Input in Lettuce Grown in Urban Agricultural Soils

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第4期10卷 137-157页

作者： Silke Cram Pilar Fernández Horacio Carranza Manuel Hernández claudia ponce de León Ana M. Noguez Gálvez Instituto de Geografía Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México

Urban agriculture plays an important role in supplying produces to big cities;however, the quality of water used for irrigation can hinder this activity. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate metal inputs, as well as their transfer and translocation factors, in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) crops cultivated in an urban plot. The research was conducted during the dry and rainy seasons. In the former, crops were irrigated with treated wastewater, whereas during the latter, crops were maintained just with rainwater. Composite samples for soils and plants were collected from the same plot during two crop cycles in 2013. Some edaphic variables were measured. Total metal concentration was determined, for both, soils and lettuce plants (leaves and roots). Water soluble and exchangeable soil metal fractions were also analyzed. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed to test for differences between seasons, among the variables analyzed. There were significant differences in edaphic characteristics between seasons. However, there was no difference in total metal content, except for Mn. Concentration of soluble metals was lower than exchangeable metal concentration, for both seasons. There was no correlation in total metal concentration between soils and plants. Transfer factor values were higher for Cd, Mn and Zn for the dry season, while for Cu, Fe and Pb were higher during the rainy season, as well as the translocation factors for all metals. Soil characteristics, together with transfer and translocation factors, showed temporal variations, leading to different metal concentrations in the edible lettuce tissues between the two analyzed crop cycles. The incorporation of metals is particular for each site, season and crop management type. Our results indicate that the metal concentration in lettuce tissues places no harm to human health. However, management strategies for urban agriculture must consider specific studies for each site.

关键词： Transfer Factor Translocation Factor Seasonal Variation Wastewater Irrigation

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森林中的火车站

建筑实践 2021年第6期4卷 170-177页

作者：无姚冉俞琳曹晨陈念海程相举 Reinier Simons 傅晓毅陈蔚何顺鹏李正东曹溪张凯李昕芸 Kaushik Raghuraman 邓伟黄至禹槐伟孙铭泽 Dayie Wu 侯京慧尹建峰 claudia Hertrich 刘子凡解奇霖 Alan Rodriguez carrillo 强思暘 MAD建筑事务所不详

项目位于浙江嘉兴市,所在地是嘉兴主城区、老城市中心南湖区的核心。此次改扩建工程是嘉兴迎接建党一百周年的重要项目之一,于2020年6月23曰开工,2021年6月25日启用通车,站体设计为地面一层、地下多层,是中国首个全下沉式火车站。改造... 详细信息

项目位于浙江嘉兴市,所在地是嘉兴主城区、老城市中心南湖区的核心。此次改扩建工程是嘉兴迎接建党一百周年的重要项目之一,于2020年6月23曰开工,2021年6月25日启用通车,站体设计为地面一层、地下多层,是中国首个全下沉式火车站。改造前的火车站建于1995年,站房面积仅为4,000多m^(2),且已达到吞吐量上限。

关键词：火车站浙江嘉兴市改扩建工程南湖区下沉式嘉兴主城区吞吐量

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