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儿童烧伤

泸州医学院学报 1980年第S1期 28-34页

作者： A.m.clarke

本文讨论了儿童烧伤事故中很常见,和很严重问题,特别涉及与成人烧伤的差别。提到了对烧伤的估计和复苏问题,以及早期皮肤复盖在降低死亡率、减少并发症方面,以及获致一个比较好的美容效果等方面的重要性,也讨论到治疗烧伤患儿中最重要... 详细信息

本文讨论了儿童烧伤事故中很常见,和很严重问题,特别涉及与成人烧伤的差别。提到了对烧伤的估计和复苏问题,以及早期皮肤复盖在降低死亡率、减少并发症方面,以及获致一个比较好的美容效果等方面的重要性,也讨论到治疗烧伤患儿中最重要的单一因素一感染的控制。概括了减少疤痕,改善外观、避免畸形的新进展,以及采取新的措施使病人及其家属能不受损害地回到社会上。

关键词：儿童烧伤气管切开术气管切开烧伤患儿体表面积面部烧伤烧伤面积颈部烧伤革兰氏阴性细菌手部烧伤磺胺磺胺类药坏死组织经鼻气管插管敷料医药卫生材料自体皮病人疤痕供皮区

用多角度遥感观测和BRDF模型对植物状况诊断评估(英文)

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遥感学报 1997年第S1期1卷 33-38页

作者： J.Qi p.J.pinter T.R.clarke B.A.Kimball m.S.moran

用遥感技术进行植物评估可与光谱植被指数联系起来，如规一化差分植被指数ＮＤＶＩ。ＮＤＶＩ值的变化一般被认为是植被数量和密度的变化，但直接与植物生长状况有关的植物光谱特性也会导致光谱植被指数的变化。因此，低植被指数可能由... 详细信息

用遥感技术进行植物评估可与光谱植被指数联系起来，如规一化差分植被指数ＮＤＶＩ。ＮＤＶＩ值的变化一般被认为是植被数量和密度的变化，但直接与植物生长状况有关的植物光谱特性也会导致光谱植被指数的变化。因此，低植被指数可能由于低密度或肥料不足二者之一或共同造成。这会限制植被指数作为监测手段的使用。二向反射分布函数ＢＲＤＦ模型把植物密度和光学特性区别对待，因而它有助于植物状况的客观评估。在这项研究中，我们测量了两个冬小麦冠层多角度光谱反射：一个氮肥充足，一个贫乏。这些测量随后用于ＢＲＤＦ的反演，来估计光学特性和植物密度。结果表明，同时获得这两种参数是可行的。因此，用ＢＲＤＦ和多角度遥感测量手段进行氮肥养料有关的植物状况诊断分析是可能的。结果也显示出这种方法中如反演和计算时间所带来的一些局限性。

关键词： BRDF 反演 NDVI 植物状况诊断

The effect of the quality of vital sign recording on clinical decision making in a regional acute care trauma ward

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2017年第5期20卷 283-287页

作者： Claire m. Keene Victor Y. Kong Damian L. clarke petra Brysiewicz pietermaritzburg metropolitan Trauma Service. Department of Surgery University ofKwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa Department of Surgery University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa School of Nursing & public Health University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa

purpose： Recording vital signs is important in the hospital setting and the quality of this documentation influences clinical decision making. The modified Early Warning Score （mEWS） uses vital signs to categorise the severity of a patient＇s physiological derangement and illustrates the clinical impact of vital signs in detecting patient deterioration and making management decisions. This descriptive study measured the quality of vital sign recordings in an acute care trauma setting, and used the mEWS to determine the impact the documentation quality had on the detection of physiological derangements and thus, clinical decision making. methods： Vital signs recorded by the nursing staff of all trauma patients in the acute care trauma wards at a regional hospital in South Africa were collected from January 2013 to February 2013. Investigator- measured values taken within 2 hours of the routine observations and baseline patient information were also recorded. A mEWS for each patient was calculated from the routine and investigator-measured observations. Basic descriptive statistics were performed using EXCEL Results： The details of lgl newly admitted patients were collected. Completion of recordings was 81% for heart rate, 88~; for respiratory rate, 98~; for blood pressure, 92% for temperature and 41~ for GCS. The recorded heart rate was positively correlated with the investigator＇s measurement （pearson＇s correlation coefficient of 0.76）; while the respiratory rate did not correlate （pearson＇s correlation coefficient of 0.02）. In 59~ of patients the recorded respiratory rate （RR） was exactly 20 breaths per minute and 27~ had a recorded RR of exactly 15. Seven percent of patients had aberrant Glasgow Coma Scale readings above the maximum value of 15. The average mEWS was 2 for both the recorded （mEWS（R）） and investigator （mEWS（1）） vitals, with the range of mEWS（R） 0-7 and mEWS（1） 0-9. Analysis showed 59% of the mEWS（R） underestimated the physiological derangement （score

关键词： Vital signs recording quality modified early warning score Nursing Acute trauma care

干旱胁迫对残余蒸腾的影响及其与小麦耗水量的关系

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国外农学（麦类作物） 1992年第3期 13-16页

作者： J.m.clarke 张转放武卷丽

长期以来,提高小麦水分利用效率(WUE)一直是半干旱地区的一个奋斗目标。人们认为,干旱条件下,残余蒸腾率低会提高产量潜势,尽管两者间的联系并不紧密。本研究是:利用2个温室试验,探讨2种灌水制度下生长的六倍体(*** L.)和四倍体(***)小... 详细信息

长期以来,提高小麦水分利用效率(WUE)一直是半干旱地区的一个奋斗目标。人们认为,干旱条件下,残余蒸腾率低会提高产量潜势,尽管两者间的联系并不紧密。本研究是:利用2个温室试验,探讨2种灌水制度下生长的六倍体(*** L.)和四倍体(***)小麦基因型的残余蒸腾与水份利用、水的利用效率(WUE)及其叶片水分状况间的关系。植株单独生长于0.1m×1m(试验2的弱胁迫处理为0.1m×0.5m)的填满土的塑料管内,每星期补充消耗掉的水分(弱胁迫)或添加入一定量的水分以保证植株不致死亡(强胁迫)。开花期测量旗叶的残余蒸腾(切下叶片的水分损失率)、气孔导率、相对含水量(RWC)和渗透势(仅在试验1)。2个试验的耗水量都与残余蒸腾率没有相关性。试验1中2种处理的残余蒸腾率没有差异,但由于胁迫处理基因型和胁迫处理间存在着显著(ppWC或渗透势)没有相关性。

关键词：小麦耗水量干旱胁迫残余蒸腾

proton deflectometry of a capacitor coil target along two axes

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High power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 10-18页

作者： p.Bradford m.p.Read m.Ehret L.Antonelli m.Khan N.Booth K.Glize D.Carroll R.J.clarke R.Heathcote S.Ryazantsev S.pikuz C.Spindloe J.D.moody B.B.pollock V.T.Tikhonchuk C.p.Ridgers J.J.Santos N.C.Woolsey York plasma Institute Department of PhysicsUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications University of Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance Institut fur Kernphysik Tech.Univ.Darmstadt64289 DarmstadtGermany Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotSTFCUKRIOxfordshireUK Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASMoscow 125412Russia National Research Nuclear University m.p.I Moscow 115409Russia Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94551USA ELI Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesZa Radnicic 83525241 DolníBrezanyCzech Republic

A developing application of laser-driven currents is the generation of magnetic fields of picosecond-nanosecond duration with magnitudes exceeding B=10 ***-loop and helical coil targets can direct laser-driven discharge currents along wires to generate spatially uniform,quasi-static magnetic fields on the millimetre ***,we present proton deflectometry across two axes of a single-loop coil ranging from 1 to 2 mm in *** with proton tracking simulations shows that measured magnetic fields are the result of kiloampere currents in the coil and electric charges distributed around the coil *** this dual-axis platform for proton deflectometry,robust measurements can be made of the evolution of magnetic fields in a capacitor coil target.

关键词： strong magnetic field laser-driven coil targets laser-plasma interaction proton deflectometry laboratory astrophysics

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风湿性疾病的负担

国际内科双语杂志（中英文） 2007年第3期7卷 23-25,53-55页

作者： Alexandra m clarke Deborah p m Symmons 杨宏梅（译）顾瑞金（校）曼彻斯特大学关节炎研究运动流行病学单位工作的研究助理和博士学生英国曼彻斯特大学风温病学和肌肉骨骼流行病学教授不详

肌肉骨骼病是个人、社会和公共医疗卫生服务的主要负担。全科医师诊疗的大部分新发肌肉骨骼病是自限性疾病如软组织风湿病、慢性广泛疼痛和关节痛。骨关节炎的新发病例比类风湿性关节炎多10倍。肌肉骨骼病的患病更常见于女性，并趋向于... 详细信息

肌肉骨骼病是个人、社会和公共医疗卫生服务的主要负担。全科医师诊疗的大部分新发肌肉骨骼病是自限性疾病如软组织风湿病、慢性广泛疼痛和关节痛。骨关节炎的新发病例比类风湿性关节炎多10倍。肌肉骨骼病的患病更常见于女性，并趋向于随年龄而增长。全科医师诊疗的几乎1／10都是肌肉骨骼系统疾病。患病率将有可能随着预期寿命的延长而持续升高。随之将导致卫生专家工作量的增加和更多的公共医疗卫生服务的负担。用于肌肉骨骼病的费用包括付给公共医疗卫生服务和社会的费用及间接费用。在英国，所有残疾救济金费用中排在第五位的是肌肉骨骼系统疾病。类风湿性关节炎患者每年每位的费用总计达￡7000，而髋和膝的置换费用平均为￡5000。肌肉骨骼病的危险因素包括年龄和性别。有些肌肉骨骼病的患病率可因种族、生活方式的因素和遗传倾向性而异。患肌肉骨骼病的主要后果是慢性疼痛和残障。肌肉骨骼病的负担极大。这些疾病对公共医疗卫生服务和社会的影响将随预期寿命的延长而持续增长。

关键词：流行病学肌肉骨骼风湿致病率患病率发病率死产率残障费用危险因素

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一个临界性的排除诊断

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 4-5页

作者： clarke p. Glick S. Reilly B.m. 郭俊 Department of medicine Cook County Hospital 1900W. Polk St. 1501-A Chicago IL 60612 United States Dr.

A 48-year-old airline mechanic from Belize presented to the emergency depart ment with fever and altered mental status. Two weeks earlier, fever, myalgias, a nd dry cough had developed. His maximal daily temperature reached as high as 41. 1°C, and one week before coming to the emergency department, the patient awaken ed unable to speak. At a hospital in Belize, he was febrile and aphasic without other focal neurologic findings. The results of computed tomography (CT) of the brain were normal. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed a protein lev el of 157 mg per deciliter and a glucose level of 44 mg per deciliter (2.4 mmol per liter) but no cells or microorganisms. The patient rec eived treatment with chloroquine and acyclovir for the next five days but did no t improve and was flown to Chicago for further care. On examination, the patient was agitated and unable to speak or follow verbal commands. The blood pressure was 132/74 mm Hg, the pulse 82 beats per minute, and the respiratory rate 20 bre aths per minute. The temperature was 39.5°C. The results of the general examina tion were normal, without meningismus. A neurologic examination revealed global aphasia but was otherwise normal except for an equivocal extensor plantar respon se on the right. The optic fundi appeared normal.

关键词：排除诊断临界性局灶性神经症状急诊科焦虑不安眼底检查肌痛周前呼吸频率完全性

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新西兰林权的私有化转变

林业与社会 2000年第3期8卷 17-19页

作者： m.clarke 韩蕾

1987～1996年10年间,新西兰的林业部门发生了巨大变化。1987年,新西兰林务局解散,由国有企业新西兰林业公司接管了政府的商业性林业生产,开始逐步实现林业私有化。1990～1992年,35万hm^2国有林地拍卖给了私有部门,1996年又拍卖了18.8万h... 详细信息

1987～1996年10年间,新西兰的林业部门发生了巨大变化。1987年,新西兰林务局解散,由国有企业新西兰林业公司接管了政府的商业性林业生产,开始逐步实现林业私有化。1990～1992年,35万hm^2国有林地拍卖给了私有部门,1996年又拍卖了18.8万hm^2。

关键词：新西兰元私有化林业公司林业资产国有企业毛利人商业性林业林业资源林权木材加工业

Bremsstrahlung emission from high power laser interactions with constrained targets for industrial radiography

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High power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第2期7卷 27-33页

作者： C.D.Armstrong C.m.Brenner C.Jones D.R.Rusby Z.E.Davidson Y.Zhang J.Wragg S.Richards C.Spindloe p.Oliveira m.Notley R.clarke S.R.mirfayzi S.Kar Y.Li T.Scott p.mcKenna D.Neely Department of physics SUpA University of StrathclydeGlasgow G4ONGUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwellOxford0X11OQXUK Interface Analysis Centre HH Wills Physics LaboratoryTyndall AvenueBristol BS81TLUK Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Centre for plasma physics Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT7INNUK

Laser-solid interactions are highly suited as a potential source of high energy X-rays for nondestructive imaging.A bright,energetic X-ray pulse can be driven from a small source,making it ideal for high resolution X-ray *** limiting the lateral dimensions of the target we are able to confine the region over which X-rays are produced,enabling imaging with enhanced resolution and *** constrained targets we demonstrate experimentally a(20±3)μm X-ray source,improving the image quality compared to unconstrained foil *** demonstrates that a larger sheath field envelope around the perimeter of the constrained targets increases the proportion of electron current that recirculates through the target,driving a brighter source of X-rays.

关键词： bremsstrahlung high power laser nondestructive imaging radiography X-ray