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r.bust Machine Lear.ing Mapping of sEMG Signals to Futur. Actuator.Commands in Biomechatr.nic Devices

Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2024年第1期21卷 270-287页

作者： Ali Nasr.Sydney Bell r.chel L.Whittaker.clark r.Dicker.on John McPhee Systems Design Engineer.ng University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Kinesiology and Health Sciences University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L3G3Canada

A machine lear.ing model for.r.gr.ssion of inter.upted Sur.ace Electr.myogr.phy(sEMG)signals to futur. contr.l-or.ented signals(e.g.,r.bot’s joint angle and assistive tor.ue)of an active biomechatr.nic device for.high-level myoelectr.c-based hier.r.hical contr.l is pr.posed.A r.cur.ent Neur.l Networ.(r.N)was tr.ined using output data,initially obtained fr.m offline optimization of the biomechatr.nic(human–r.bot)device and shifted by the pr.diction *** input of the r.N consisted of inter.upted sEMG signals(to mimic signal disconnections)and pr.vious kinematic signals of the assistive *** r.N with a 0.1-s pr.diction hor.zon could pr.dict the contr.l-or.ented joint angle and assistive tor.ue with 92%and 86.5%r.gr.ssion accur.cy,r.spectively,for.the test *** pr.posed appr.ach per.its a fast,pr.dictive,and dir.ct estimation of contr.l-or.ented signals instead of an iter.tive pr.cess that optimizes assistive tor.ue in the inver.e dynamic simulation of a multibody human–r.bot *** with these inter.upted input signals significantly impr.ves the r.gr.ssion accur.cy in the case of sEMG signal *** r.bust Pr.dictive Contr.l-or.ented Machine Lear.ing(r.bust-MuscleNET)model can suppor. volitional high-level myoelectr.c-based contr.l of biomechatr.nic devices,such as exoskeletons,pr.stheses,and assistive/r.sistive *** wor. should study the application to pr.sthesis contr.l as well as the r.peatability of the high-level contr.ller.with electr.de *** low-level hier.r.hical contr.ller.that manages the human–r.bot inter.ction,the assistance/r.sistance str.tegy,and the actuator.coor.ination should also be studied.

关键词： Myoelectr.c-based contr.l-Sur.ace electr.myogr.phy Machine lear.ing Multibody system dynamics Exoskeleton Bionic

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Impact on Soil Or.anic C and Total Soil N fr.m Cool- and War.-Season Legumes Used in a Gr.en Manur.-For.ge Cr.pping System

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： clark B. Neely Fr.ncis M. r.uquette Jr. Cr.stine L.S. Mor.an Fr.nk M. Hons William L. r.oney Ger.ld r. Smith Depar.ment of Soil and Cr.p Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Depar.ment of Soil and Cr.p Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual for.ge legumes ar. impor.ant components of livestock pr.duction systems in East Texas and the southeaster. US. For.ge legumes contr.bute nitr.gen (N) to cr.pping systems thr.ugh biological N fixation, and their.seasonal biomass pr.duction can be managed to complement for.ge gr.sses. Our.r.sear.h objectives wer. to evaluate both war.- and cool-season annual for.ge legumes as gr.en manur. for.biomass, N content, ability to enhance soil or.anic car.on (SOC) and soil N, and impact on post season for.ge gr.ss cr.ps. Nine war.-season for.ge legumes (WSL) wer. spr.ng planted and incor.or.ted as gr.en manur. in the fall. For.ge r.e (Secale cer.ale L.) was planted following the incor.or.tion of WSL tr.atments. Eight cool-season for.ge legumes (CSL) wer. fall planted in pr.viously fallow plots and incor.or.ted as gr.en manur. in late spr.ng. Sor.hum-sudangr.ss (Sor.hum bicolor.x Sor.hum bicolor.var. sudanense) was planted over.all tr.atments in ear.y summer.after.for.ge r.e har.est and incor.or.tion of CSL tr.atments. Sor.hum-sudangr.ss was har.ested in June, August and September. and tr.atments wer. evaluated for.dr. matter.and N concentr.tion. Soil cor.s wer. taken fr.m each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm, and soil C and N wer. measur.d using combustion analysis. Nylon mesh bags containing plant samples wer. bur.ed at 15 cm and used to evaluate decomposition r.te of above gr.und legume biomass, including change in C and N concentr.tions. Mungbean (Vigna r.diata L. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biomass yield (6.24 t DM ha-1) and contr.buted the most total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSL tested. Decomposition r.te of WSL biomass was r.pid in the fir.t 10 weeks and ver. slow after.ar.. Winter.pea (Pisum sativum L. spp. sativum), ar.ow leaf clover.(Tr.folium vesiculosum Savi.), and cr.mson clover.(Tr.folium incar.atum L.) wer. the most pr.ductive CSL in this tr.al. Austr.an winter.pea

关键词： Annual Legumes Soil N Soil Or.anic C Gr.en Manur. Deer.Br.wse For.ge Cr.pping Systems

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The r.le of Impulsivity and Addiction in Gambling Behavior.: How Applied Neur.science r.sear.h Can Help in the Monitor.ng and Management of Mental Health Issues

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Open Jour.al of Medical Psychology 2024年第1期13卷 11-24页

作者： Yingzhen Jia Kimber.y r.se clark College of Ar.s and Sciences Boston University Boston MA USA Depar.ment of Psychological and Br.in Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover NH USA

One in five Amer.cans exper.ence symptoms associated with at least one mental health disor.er.ever. year. These include behavior.l addictions, which have long been over.ooked despite their.similar.neur.l bases with substance addictions. Gambling addiction, a type of behavior.l addiction, deser.es par.icular.attention given the significant negative effects, this addiction has on financial and inter.er.onal health. The pur.ose of this paper.is to r.view the available liter.tur. concer.ing the behavior.l and neur.l pr.cesses involved in gambling addiction, including: the anticipation of r.war., the r.le of dopamine, and the neur.l substr.tes of the decision-making pr.cesses involved in gambling addiction. Mar.et r.sear.h has also identified solutions that integr.te applied neur.science and self-tr.cking systems to monitor.and manage mental health issues associated with gambling addiction. The author. then pr.pose a gambling tr.atment-focused mobile app solution that addr.sses outstanding issues with a special design aimed at r.ver.ing plasticity in or.er.to r.lieve the effects of gambling addiction. .

关键词： Applied Neur.science Gambling Addiction Mental Health Management

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Legume Gr.en Manur. and Inter.r.pping for.High Biomass Sor.hum Pr.duction

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： clark B. Neely Fr.ncis M. r.uquette Jr. Cr.stine L. S. Mor.an Fr.nk M. Hons William L. r.oney Ger.ld r. Smith Depar.ment of Soil and Cr.p Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Depar.ment of Soil and Cr.p Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Befor. the advent of cheap, synthetic fer.ilizer., legumes wer. commonly used as gr.en manur. cr.ps for.their.ability to fix atmospher.c nitr.gen (N). A thr.e-year.study at Over.on, TX examined legume integr.tion into high-biomass sor.hum (Sor.hum bicolor.L.) pr.duction systems on a Lilber. loamy fine sand r.cently cultivated after.a fer.ilized ber.udagr.ss [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Per..] pastur.. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ cr.mson clover.(Tr.folium incar.atum L.) and ‘Ir.n and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) wer. integr.ted into a high-biomass sor.hum pr.duction system to evaluate impacts on N concentr.tion, C concentr.tion, and yield of high-biomass sor.hum and their.impacts on soil total N and soil or.anic car.on (SOC). Main plots wer. split into cr.mson clover.gr.en manur. (CLGM) and winter.fallow (FALL) followed by thr.e sub-plots split into war.-season cr.p r.tations: cowpea gr.en manur. (CPGM), cowpea-sor.hum inter.r.p (CPSr., and sor.hum monocr.p (SOr.). Thr.e N fer.ilizer.tr.atments (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) wer. r.ndomized and applied as sub-sub plots. The CLGM incr.ased (P sor.hum biomass yield (16.5 t DM∙ha−1) 28% in year.thr.e but had no effect in the fir.t two year.. The CPSr.tr.atment r.duced sor.hum yield up to 62% compar.d to SOr.;wher.as CPGM incr.ased sor.hum yield 56% and 18% the two year. following cowpea incor.or.tion. r.te of N fer.ilizer.had no effect on sor.hum biomass yield. Decr.ase in SOC and soil N over.time indicated miner.lization of or.anic N and may explain why no N fer.ilizer.r.sponse was obser.ed in sor.hum biomass yield. Cowpea showed str.ng potential as a gr.en manur. cr.p but pr.ved to be too competitive for.successful inter.r.pping in high-biomass sor.hum pr.duction systems.

关键词： High-Biomass Sor.hum Legumes Gr.en Manur. Inter.r.p Cowpea Cr.mson Clover Soil Or.anic Car.on Soil Nitr.gen

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帮你做个神奇家长：不要做大撒把式的家长

帮你做个神奇家长：不要做大撒把式的家长

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2004年

作者：（美）克拉克（clark r.）等陈琛译

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2023: Weather.and Climate Extr.mes Hitting the Globe with Emer.ing Featur.s

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Advances in Atmospher.c Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1001-1016页

作者： Wenxia ZHANG r.bin clark Tianjun ZHOU Laur.nt LI Chao LI Juan r.VEr. Lixia ZHANG Kexin GUI Tingyu ZHANG Lan LI r.ngyun PAN Yongjun CHEN Shijie TANG Xin HUANG Shuai HU State Key Labor.tor. of Numer.cal Modeling for.Atmospher.c Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Met Office Hadley Centr. Exeter EX13PBUK Univer.ity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Labor.toir. de Météor.logie Dynamique CNRSSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75230France Max Planck Institute for.Meteor.logy Hamburg 20146Germany Instituto Ar.entino de Nivología Glaciología Y Ciencias Ambientales(IANIGLA)CCT CONICETMendoza CP 5500Argentina Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Asia-Pacific Typhoon Collabor.tive r.sear.h Center Shanghai 201306China

Globally,2023 was the war.est obser.ed year.on r.cor. since at least 1850 and,accor.ing to pr.xy evidence,possibly of the past 100000 *** in r.cent year.,the r.cor. war.th has again been accompanied with yet mor. extr.me weather.and climate events thr.ughout the ***,we pr.vide an over.iew of those of 2023,with details and key backgr.und causes to help build upon our.under.tanding of the r.les of inter.al climate var.ability and anthr.pogenic climate *** also highlight emer.ing featur.s associated with some of these extr.me *** extr.mes ar. occur.ing ear.ier.in the year.and incr.asingly simultaneously in differ.ng par.s of the wor.d(e.g.,the concur.ent hot extr.mes in the Nor.her. Hemispher. in July 2023).Intense cyclones ar. exacer.ating pr.cipitation extr.mes(e.g.,the Nor.h China flooding in July and the Libya flooding in September..Dr.ughts in some r.gions(e.g.,Califor.ia and the Hor. of Afr.ca)have tr.nsitioned into flood *** extr.mes also show incr.asing inter.ctions with ecosystems via wildfir.s(e.g.,those in Hawaii in August and in Canada fr.m spr.ng to autumn 2023)and sandstor.s(e.g.,those in Mongolia in Apr.l 2023).Finally,we also consider.the challenges to r.sear.h that these emer.ing char.cter.stics pr.sent for.the str.tegy and pr.ctice of adaptation.

关键词： weather.and climate extr.mes temper.tur. extr.mes extr.me pr.cipitation dr.ught wildfir.s

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格雷森的周末课程项目

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英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第2期 19-21页

作者： Katie clark

星期五放学前星期五放学前，史密斯先生给全班布置了一个周末课程项目。大家都很兴奋，唯独格雷森似乎闷闷不乐——参考译文：格雷森独自坐在放学回家的公交车上，他不想和朋友或任何人说话。他们都在讨论周末的课程项目。他们很兴奋，...

星期五放学前星期五放学前，史密斯先生给全班布置了一个周末课程项目。大家都很兴奋，唯独格雷森似乎闷闷不乐——参考译文：格雷森独自坐在放学回家的公交车上，他不想和朋友或任何人说话。他们都在讨论周末的课程项目。他们很兴奋，他们不明白格雷森为什么不兴奋。他也不打算解释。格雷森一想到自己毫无兴奋之情，就窘迫得脸颊发热。他们的父母都愿意帮他们，他们怎么能理解他的感受呢？格雷森找不到人帮忙，他妈妈一直在工作，他爸爸从来不想和他一起做任何事。

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对早产胎膜早破患者行积极保胎治疗不能延长孕周及降低新生儿发病率

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第1期1卷 18-19页

作者： Combs C.A. McCune M. clark r. Fishman A. 张剑萍 C.A.Combs Obstetrix Medical Gro up Good Samaritan HospitalS. Jose Calif Pediatr.x Med. Gr.up Fort Lauderdal eFL United States Dr.

Objective This study was under.aken to evaluate whether.aggr.ssive to colysis i mpr.ves pr.gnancy outcome after.pr.ter. pr.matur. r.ptur. of the membr.nes (PPr. M). Study design r.tr.spective case-contr.l study of patients with PPr.M befor. 34 weeks of gestation, followed by a pr.spective cohor. study with histor.cal c ontr.ls. The r.tr.spective phase cover.d 1995 thr.ugh 1999 when we used tocolysi s aggr.ssively. With the use of sur.ival analysis, we compar.d latency in our.ca ses with 4 published contr.l ser.es in which tocolysis was never.used. On the ba sis of the r.sults, we adopted a new pr.tocol in mid-2000 limiting tocolysis to 48 hour. after.betamethasone dosing and we conducted a 2-year.pr.spective eval uation of this new pr.tocol. r.sults In the r.tr.spective phase, tocolysis was u sed in 94%of 130 cases and maintained dur.ng 84%of 1162 total antenatal patien t-days. Ther. was no differ.nce in latency between our.cases and the published contr.ls. One or.mor. complications of tocolysis occur.ed in 18%. In the pr.spe ctive study, 43%of 63 patients r.ceived tocolytics, but these wer. used at lowe r.doses and wer. given dur.ng only 7%of 770 patient-days. Latency with this ve r. limited tocolytic r.gimen (median 4.5 days, inter.uar.ile r.nge 2.3 to 14.0) was not significantly differ.nt than dur.ng the last 24 months of aggr.ssive toc olysis (median 3.8 days, 1.8 to 14 days, P=.16) and ther. wer. no differ.nces in neonatal mor.idity. Conclusion Aggr.ssive tocolysis after.PPr.M causes significant mater.al mor.idity, but does not incr.ease latency or.decr.ase neonatal mor.idity compar.d with either.ver. limited to colysis or.no tocolysis at all.

关键词：早产胎膜早破新生儿发病率保胎治疗 PPr.M 妊娠结局生存分析回顾性队列研究出生前倍他米松无显著性差异

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Facial filler.:r.levant anatomy,injection techniques,and complications

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Wor.d Jour.al of Otor.inolar.ngology-Head and Neck Sur.er. 2023年第3期9卷 227-235页

作者： Nicholas W.clark Debbie r.Pan Dane M.Bar.ett Duke Univer.ity Depar.ment of Head and Neck Sur.er. and Communication Sciences DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Objective:The aim of this r.view ar.icle is to discuss the cur.ently available facial filler.,their.differ.nces and indications,r.levant anatomy,injection techniques,and avoidance and management of *** Sour.es:Clinical exper.ence and scientific ***:r.ver.al of facial aging via filler.injection has been ar.und since the late 1800s with the initial use of detr.mental ***,many safe and effective pr.ducts exist and can be tailor.d to the individual patient’’s desir.d *** the evolution of both pr.ducts and injection techniques,the r.te of complications with facial filler.use is ***,pr.vider. offer.ng facial filler.injections should have detailed knowledge of facial anatomy,including facial planes and soft tissue *** injection techniques *** techniques should be used,depending on the anatomic *** should also know how to avoid and manage complications.

关键词： cosmetic facial filler injection plastic sur.er.

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Comment on: Effect of intubation in patients with functional epiphor. after.endoscopic dacr.ocystor.inostomy

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1576-1576页

作者： Mansoor.h Jamshidian-Tehr.ni Hossein Ghahvehchian Chr.stopher.J Compton Jer.my D clark Nicole L West Mohsen Bahmani Kashkouli Depar.ment of Ophthalmology Eye Research CenterThe Five Senses Health InstituteRassoul Akram HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Depar.ment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisville 40202KentuckyUSA

Dear.Editor.We r.ad with inter.st the ar.icle by Han et al[1]in which they r.tr.spectively assessed the effect of bicanalicular.intubation for.functional epiphor. after.a failed endoscopic dacr.ocystor.inostomy(DCr..They confir.ed the post-DCr.functional obstr.ction”based on fluor.scein dye disappear.nce(FDDT)and ir.igation test[1].

关键词： intubation assessed endoscopic

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