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Robust Machine learning Mapping of sEMG Signals to Future Actuator Commands in Biomechatronic Devices

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 270-287页

作者： Ali Nasr Sydney Bell Rachel l.Whittaker clark R.Dickerson John McPhee Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Kinesiology and Health Sciences University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L3G3Canada

A machine learning model for regression of interrupted Surface Electromyography(sEMG)signals to future control-oriented signals(e.g.,robot’s joint angle and assistive torque)of an active biomechatronic device for high-level myoelectric-based hierarchical control is proposed.A Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)was trained using output data,initia.l. obtained from offline optimization of the biomechatronic(human–robot)device and shifted by the prediction *** input of the RNN consisted of interrupted sEMG signals(to mimic signal disconnections)and previous kinematic signals of the assistive *** RNN with a 0.1-s prediction horizon could predict the control-oriented joint angle and assistive torque with 92%and 86.5%regression accuracy,respectively,for the test *** proposed approach permits a fast,predictive,and direct estimation of control-oriented signals instead of an iterative process that optimizes assistive torque in the inverse dynamic simulation of a multibody human–robot *** with these interrupted input signals significantly improves the regression accuracy in the case of sEMG signal *** Robust Predictive Control-oriented Machine learning(Robust-MuscleNET)model can support volitional high-level myoelectric-based control of biomechatronic devices,such as exoskeletons,prostheses,and assistive/resistive *** work should study the application to prosthesis control as well as the repeatability of the high-level controller with electrode *** low-level hierarchical controller that manages the human–robot interaction,the assistance/resistance strategy,and the actuator coordination should also be studied.

关键词： Myoelectric-based control-Surface electromyography Machine learning Multibody system dynamics Exoskeleton Bionic

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正常阴道分娩后肛门括约肌的定量肌电图评价

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 40-41页

作者： Gregory W.T. Stuyvesant A. clark a.l. 王雅楠 Obstetrics and Gynecology Div. Urogynecol./Reconstr. Pelvic S. Oregon Health and Science University 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road Portland OR 97239 United States Dr.

OBJECTIVE: Fecal incontinence in women is thought to be associated with sphi nc ter laceration or pudendal nerve damage. A prolonged pudendal nerve terminal mot or latency is evidence of profound nerve damage, but pudendal nerve terminal mot or latency can be normal even when nerve injury has been sustained. We performed quantitative electromyography (EMG) to compare multiple motor unit action poten tial parameters between recently postpartum women and nulliparous women. METHODS : Standardized examinations were prospectively performed on 2 groups: 1) healthy nulliparous women without pelvic floor disorders (n=28) and 2) asymptomatic wom en who were postpartum following vaginal delivery of their first child (n = 23). The examinations included pelvic organ prolapse quantification measurements, e ndoanal ultrasonography, pudendal nerve terminal motor latency, sacral reflexes, and concentric needle EMG using multiple motor unit action potential analysis. RESUlTS: A mean of 11.5 (standard deviation [SD] 1.1) weeks had elapsed since fi rst vaginal deliveries in the postpartum group. The mean fetal weight at deliver y was 3,495 (SD 458) grams. There were no sphincter defects seen by ultrasonogra phy. Compared with the nulliparous women, pudendal nerve terminal motor latency and sacral reflexes (clitoral-anal reflex, urethral-anal reflex) were not incr eased in the postpartum group. Each of the quantitative parameters (duration, am plitude, area, turns, and phases), measured from motor unit action potentials in the postpartum group, were larger than in the nulliparous group (P ≤.004, nest ed analysis of variance [ANOVA]). CONClUSION: Quantitative EMG using multiple mo tor unit action potential analysis can detect the presence after vaginal childbi rth of subtle nerve injury not demonstra.l. by pudendal nerve terminal motor lat ency. Even asymptomatic women show evidence of pelvic floor nerve injury after u ncomplicated deliveries.

关键词：阴道分娩会阴神经电冲动经产妇未产妇正常分娩盆腔器官动作电位大便失禁常规检查

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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development sta.l. but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur l.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory Richard H.Ellis Martin lukac Jo clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob MacKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considera.l. inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-varia.l. supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur l.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considera.l. and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and ga.l. in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers grea.l.).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μl l^(−1),from ea.l. 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and a.l.acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur l. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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N末端B型利钠肽前体对心房颤动患者严重结构性心脏病的诊断性效用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第3期3卷 52-52页

作者： Shelton R.J. clark a.l. Goode K. 刘少伟 Department of Cardiology Castle Hill Hospital Kingstonupon-Hull HU16 5JQ United Kingdom

目的:用受试者操作特征(ROC)分析评估N末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)在诊断房颤(AF)患者严重结构性心脏病(MSHD)中的作用,并与窦性心律(SR)患者进行比较。

关键词：利钠肽心房颤动患者窦性心律植入起搏器舒张功能不全心房扑动肺动脉高压瓣膜病变单中心假

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Impact on Soil Organic C and Total Soil N from Cool- and Warm-Season legumes Used in a Green Manure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： clark B. Neely Francis M. Rouquette Jr. Cristine l.S. Morgan Frank M. Hons William l. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agrilife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legumes are important components of livestock production systems in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legumes contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping systems through biological N fixation, and their seasonal biomass production can be managed to complement forage grasses. Our research objectives were to evaluate both warm- and cool-season annual forage legumes as green manure for biomass, N content, ability to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and impact on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm-season forage legumes (WSl) were spring planted and incorporated as green manure in the fa.l. Forage rye (Secale cereale l.) was planted following the incorporation of WSl treatments. Eight cool-season forage legumes (CSl) were fa.l.planted in previously fa.l.w plots and incorporated as green manure in late spring. Sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum bicolor var. sudanense) was planted over a.l.treatments in ea.l. summer after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSl treatments. Sorghum-sudangrass was harvested in June, August and September, and treatments were evaluated for dry matter and N concentration. Soil cores were taken from each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm, and soil C and N were measured using combustion analysis. Nylon mesh bags containing plant samples were buried at 15 cm and used to evaluate decomposition rate of above ground legume biomass, including change in C and N concentrations. Mungbean (Vigna radiata.l. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biomass yield (6.24 t DM ha-1) and contributed the most total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSl tested. Decomposition rate of WSl biomass was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum sativum l. spp. sativum), arrow leaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi.), and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum l.) were the most productive CSl in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual legumes Soil N Soil Organic C Green Manure Deer Browse Forage Cropping Systems

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legume Green Manure and Intercropping for High Biomass Sorghum Production

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： clark B. Neely Francis M. Rouquette Jr. Cristine l. S. Morgan Frank M. Hons William l. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agrilife Research Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertilizers, legumes were commonly used as green manure crops for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX examined legume integration into high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor l.) production systems on a.l.lbert loamy fine sand recently cultivated after a fertilized bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (l.) Pers.] pasture. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum l.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata.l.) were integrated into a high-biomass sorghum production system to evaluate impacts on N concentration, C concentration, and yield of high-biomass sorghum and their impacts on soil total N and soil organic carbon (SOC). Main plots were split into crimson clover green manure (ClGM) and winter fa.l.w (Fa.l. followed by three sub-plots split into warm-season crop rotations: cowpea green manure (CPGM), cowpea-sorghum intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum monocrop (SORG). Three N fertilizer treatments (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and applied as sub-sub plots. The ClGM increased (P sorghum biomass yield (16.5 t DM∙ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatment reduced sorghum yield up to 62% compared to SORG;whereas CPGM increased sorghum yield 56% and 18% the two years following cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effect on sorghum biomass yield. Decrease in SOC and soil N over time indicated mineralization of organic N and may explain why no N fertilizer response was observed in sorghum biomass yield. Cowpea showed strong potential as a green manure crop but proved to be too competitive for successful intercropping in high-biomass sorghum production systems.

关键词： High-Biomass Sorghum legumes Green Manure Intercrop Cowpea Crimson Clover Soil Organic Carbon Soil Nitrogen

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Comment on: Effect of intubation in patients with functional epiphora after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1576-1576页

作者： Mansooreh Jamshidian-Tehrani Hossein Ghahvehchian Christopher J Compton Jeremy D clark Nicole l West Mohsen Bahmani Kashkouli Department of Ophthalmology Eye Research CenterThe Five Senses Health InstituteRassoul Akram HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisville 40202KentuckyUSA

Dear Editor,We read with interest the article by Han et al[1]in which they retrospectively assessed the effect of bicanalicular intubation for functional epiphora after a fa.l.d endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).They confirmed the post-DCR“functional obstruction”based on fluorescein dye disappearance(FDDT)and irrigation test[1].

关键词： intubation assessed endoscopic

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Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.Nakayasu Marina A.Gritsenko Young-Mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyle Kelly G.Stratton Carrie D.Nicora Nathalie Munoz Kathleen M.Navarro Daniel Claborne Yuqian Gao Ka.l.K.Weitz Vanessa.l.Paurus Kent J.Bloodsworth Kelsey A.a.l.n lisa M.Bramer Fernando Montes Kathleen A.clark Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biological Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental and Molecular Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational Analytics Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA los Angeles County Fire Department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations,such as firefighting,law enforcement,military,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work ***:To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions,we performed a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma,urine,and saliva)collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profiles ***-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of *** blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy *** urine analysis showed a strong,concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid *** saliva,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides.A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory ***:This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

关键词： Multi-omics analysis Intense exercise Human performance Biofluids Metabolism Immunity

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Wing, ta.l. and vocal contributions to the complex acoustic signals of courting Ca.l.ope hummingbirds

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 187-196页

作者： Christopher James clark Peabody Museum of Natural History Yale University PO Box 208106 New Haven CT 06511 USA Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California- Berkeley Berkeley CA USA

Multi-component signals contain multiple signal parts expressed in the same physical modality. One way to identify individual components is if they are produced by different physical mechanisms. Here, I studied the mechanisms generating acoustic signals in the courtship displays of the Ca.l.ope hummingbird Stellula ca.l.ope. Display dives consisted of three synchronized sound elements, a high-frequency tone （hfl）, a.l.w frequency tone （lft）, and atonal sound pulses （asp）, which were then followed by a frequency-modulated fa.l. Manipulating any of the rectrices （ta.l.feathers） of wild males impaired production of the lft and asp but not the hfl or fa.l. which are apparently vocal. I tested the sound production capabilities of the rectrices in a wind tunnel. Single rectrices could generate the lft but not the asp, whereas multiple rectrices tested together produced sounds sitlfilar to the asp when they fluttered and collided with their neighbors percussively, representing a previously unknown mechanism of sound production. During the shuttle display, a trill is generated by the wings during pulses in which the wingbeat frequency is elevated to 95 Hz, 40% higher than the typical hovering wingbeat frequency. The Ca.l.ope hummingbird courtship displays include sounds produced by three independent mechanisms, and thus include a minimum of three acoustic signal components. These acoustic mechanisms have different constraints and thus potentia.l. contain different messages. Producing multiple acoustic signals via multiple mechanisms may be a way to escape the constraints present in any single mechanism .

关键词： Ca.l.ope Hummingbird Courtship Multicomponent Signal Sonation Wind Tunnel

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Metrics for macroscale invasion and dispersal patterns

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 64-72页

作者： Teresa.l.clark Basil V.IannoneⅢ Songlin Fei Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University715 W.State StreetWest LafayetteIN 47907USA School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida1745 McCarty DriveGainesvilleFL 32611USA

Aim The ability to quantitatively measure the continuum of macroscale patterns of species invasion is a first step toward deeper understand-ing of their causal *** took advantage of two centuries worth of herbarium data,to evaluate a set of metrics to measure macroscale patterns,a.l.wing cross-species comparisons of inva-sive expansion across large geographic *** We used herbarium specimens to reconstruct county-level invasion histories for two non-native plants(a.l.aria petiolata and lonicera japonica),with distinct spatiotemporal distribution patterns over the past two *** county centroids from species’ini-tial occurrences,we quantified point pattern metrics from multiple disciplines(*** crime analysis,landscape ecology etc.)that are historica.l. used at sma.l.r spatial scales,to evaluate their abil-ity to detect macroscale spatial diffusion and amount of directional *** were further assessed for their ease of use,data requirements,independence from other metrics and intuitiveness of *** Findings We identified four suita.l. metrics for distinguishing differences in spatial patterns:(i)standard distance,(ii)number of patches,(iii)Euclidean nearest neighbor summary class statistic coefficient of variation and(iv)mean center that when applied to county-level presence data a.l.wed us to determine the directions by which distributions expanded and if distributions increased via outward expansion,infilling and/or jump dispersal *** metrics when compared during the same invasion phase are capa.l. of quantifying macroscale variability among species in their distri-butional and dispersal *** a.l. to quantify differences among species in these patterns is important in understanding the drivers of species dispersal *** metrics therefore repre-sent a simple yet thorough toolset for achieving this goal.

关键词： a.l.aria petiolata diffusion herbarium jump dispersal lonicera japonica plant invasions

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