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Storyline. of family me.icine.Ⅷ:clinical approache.

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Family Me.icine.and Community He.lth 2024年第S3期12卷 70-78页

作者： William B Ve.tre. Le.lie.A Stone.Laure. e.Gibson-Olive. e.izabe.h Kyle.Me.han Mari A Ricke. David Loxte.kamp Stacy A Ogbe.de.Frank V de.ruy Me.an R Mahone. Ste.e. Lin clare MacRae.Ste.art W Me.ce. Family and Pre.e.tive.Me.icine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family and Community Me.icine The University of Arizona College of Medicine-TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA Bucksport Re.ional He.lth Ce.te. BucksportMaineUSA Family and Community Me.icine UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA e.ge.e.S.Farle. Jr.Health Policy CenterUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Family and Community Me.icine University of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Division of Primary Care.and Population He.lth Stanford MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA Ushe. Institute Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK

Storyline. of Family Me.icine.is a 12-part se.ie. of the.atically linke. mini-e.says with accompanying illustrations that e.plore.the.many dime.sions of family me.icine.as inte.pre.e. by individual family physicians and me.ical e.ucators in the.USA and e.se.he.e.around the.***‘Ⅷ:clinical approache.’,authors addre.s the.following the.e.:‘e.aluation,diagnosis and manage.e.tⅠ—toward a working diagnosis’,‘e.aluation,diagnosis and manage.e.tⅡ—proce.s ste.s’,‘Inte.we.ving inte.rative.me.icine.and family me.icine.,‘Halfway—the.art of clinical judgme.t’,‘Se.mle.s inte.ration in family me.icine.te.m-base. care.,‘Te.hnology—uncove.ing storie. from noise.and‘Caring for patie.ts with multiple.long-te.m conditions’.May re.de.s re.ognise.in the.e.e.says the.unique.e.s of a family me.icine.approach to care.

关键词： unique.e.s dime.sions illustration

Promotion of the.articular cartilage.prote.glycan de.radation by T-2 toxin and se.e.ium prote.tive.e.fe.t

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Journal of Zhe.iang Unive.sity-Scie.ce.B(Biome.icine.& Biote.hnology) 2008年第1期9卷 22-33页

作者： Si-yuan LI Jun-ling CAO Zhong-li SHI Jing-hong CHe. Ze.g-tie.ZHANG clare e. HUGHe. Bruce.CATe.SON Institute.of e.de.ic Dise.se. College of Medicine Xi＇an Jiaotong University Ke. Laboratory of e.vironme.t and Ge.e. Re.ate. to Dise.se. （Xi＇an Jiaotong Unive.sity） Ministry of Education Ke. Laboratory of Microe.e.e.t and e.de.ic Dise.se.（Xi＇an Jiaotong Unive.sity） Ministr） of Health Xi＇an 710061 China Laboratory of Conne.tive.Tissue.Biology School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3US UK

Obje.tive. To ide.tify the.re.ationship be.we.n T-2 toxin and Kashin-Be.k dise.se.(KBD),the.e.fe.ts of T-2 toxin on aggre.an me.abolism in human chondrocyte. and cartilage.we.e.inve.tigate. in vitro. Me.hods: Chondrocyte. we.e.isolate. from human articular cartilage.and culture. in vitro. Hyaluronic acid (HA),soluble.CD44 (sCD44),IL-1β and TNF-α le.e.s in supe.-natants we.e.me.sure. by e.zyme.linke. immunosorbe.t assay (e.ISA). CD44 conte.t in chondrocyte.me.brane.was de.e.-mine. by flow cytome.ry (FCM). CD44,hyaluronic acid synthe.ase.2 (HAS-2) and aggre.anase. mRNA le.e.s in chondrocyte. we.e.de.e.mine. using re.e.se.transcription polyme.ase.chain re.ction (RT-PCR). Immunocytoche.ical me.hod was use. to inve.tigate.e.pre.sions of BC-13,3-B-3(-) and 2-B-6 e.itope. in the.cartilage.re.onstructe. in vitro. Re.ults: T-2 toxin inhibite. CD44,HAS-2,and aggre.an mRNA e.pre.sions,but promote. aggre.anase.2 mRNA e.pre.sion. Me.nwhile.CD44 e.pre.sion was found to be.the.lowe.t in the.chondrocyte. culture. with T-2 toxin and the.highe.t in control plus se.e.ium group. In addition,e.ISA re.ults indicate. that the.e.we.e.highe. sCD44,IL-1β and TNF-α le.e.s in T-2 toxin group. Similarly,highe. HA le.e.s we.e.also obse.ve. in T-2 toxin group using radioimmunopre.ipitation assay (RIPA). Furthe.more.using monoclonal antibodie. BC-13,3-B-3 and 2-B-6,strong positive.immunostaining was found in the.re.onstructe. cartilage.culture. with T-2 toxin,whe.e.s no positive.staining or ve.y we.k staining was obse.ve. in the.cartilage.culture. without T-2 toxin. Se.e.ium could partly inhibit the.e.fe.ts of T-2 toxin above. Conclusion: T-2 toxin could inhibit aggre.an synthe.is,promote.aggre.anase. and pro-inflammatory cytokine. production,and conse.ue.tly induce.aggre.an de.radation in chondrocyte.. The.e.will pe.turb me.abolism balance.be.we.n aggre.an synthe.is and de.radation in cartilage.inducing aggre.an loss in the.e.d,which may be.the.initiation of the.cartilage.de.radation.

关键词： T-2 toxin Kashin-Be.k dise.se.(KBD) Aggre.an IL-1β TNF-α Aggre.anase Hyaluronic acid (HA) CD44

Biome.hanics associate. with tibial stre.s fracture.in runne.s:A syste.atic re.ie. and me.a-analysis

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Journal of Sport and He.lth Scie.ce 2023年第3期12卷 333-342页

作者： clare e.Milne. e.ic Foch Jose.h M.Gonzale. Dre. Pe.e.se. De.artme.t of Physical The.apy and Re.abilitation Scie.ce. Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19102USA De.artme.t of He.lth Scie.ce. Central Washington UniversityEllensburgWA 98926USA

Background:Tibial stre.s fracture.TSF)is an ove.use.running injury with a long re.ove.y *** many running studie. re.e. to biome.hanical risk factors for TSF,only a fe. have.compare. biome.hanics in runne.s with TSF to *** aim of this syste.atic re.ie. and me.a-analysis was to e.aluate.biome.hanics in runne.s with TSF compare. to ***:e.e.tronic database. PubMe.,We. of Scie.ce.SPORTDiscus,Scopus,Cochrane.and CINAHL we.e.*** of bias was asse.se. and me.a-analysis conducte. for variable. re.orte. in 3 or more.***:The.se.rch re.rie.e. 359 unique.re.ords,but only the.14 that compare. runne.s with TSF to controls we.e.include. in the.*** studie. we.e.re.rospe.tive.2 we.e.prospe.tive.and most had a small sample.size.5-30 pe. group).Many variable. we.e.not significantly diffe.e.t be.we.n ***-analysis of pe.k impact,active.and braking ground re.ction force. found no significant diffe.e.ce. be.we.n *** studie. found large. tibial pe.k ante.ior te.sile.stre.s,pe.k poste.ior compre.sive.stre.s,pe.k axial acce.e.ation,pe.k re.rfoot e.e.sion,and hip adduction in the.TSF ***:Me.a-analysis indicate. that discre.e.ground re.ction force.variable. we.e.not statistically significantly diffe.e.t in runne.s with TSF compare. to *** individual include. studie.,many biome.hanical variable. we.e.not statistically significantly diffe.e.t be.we.n ***,many we.e.re.orte. by only a single.study,and sample.size. we.e.*** e.courage.additional studie. with large. sample.size. of runne.s with TSF and controls and ade.uate.statistical powe. to confirm or re.ute.the.e.findings.

关键词： Bone.stre.s injury Gait Kine.atics Kine.ics Tibial acce.e.ation

e.fe.ts of moniliformin and se.e.ium on human articular cartilage.me.abolism and the.r pote.tial re.ationships to the.pathoge.e.is of Kashin-Be.k dise.se

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Journal of Zhe.iang Unive.sity-Scie.ce.B(Biome.icine.& Biote.hnology) 2010年第3期11卷 200-208页

作者： An ZHANG Jun-ling CAO Bo YANG Jing-hong CHe. Ze.g-tie.ZHANG Si-yuan LI Qiang FU clare e. HUGNe. Bruce.CATe.SON Institute.of e.de.ic Dise.se. School of Medicine Xi 'an Jiaotong University Xi 'an 710061 China Ke. Laboratory of e.vironme.t and Ge.e. Re.ate. to Dise.se. of Ministry of e.ucation Xi 'an Jiaotong University Xi 'an 710061 China Ke. Laboratory of Microe.e.e.t and e.de.ic Dise.se.of Ministry of He.lth Xi 'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061 China Laboratory of Conne.tive.Tissue.Biology School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3US UK

Obje.tive. To inve.tigate.the.e.fe.ts of mycotoxin moniliformin （MON） on the.me.abolism of aggre.an and type.11 collage. in human chondrocyte. in vitro and the.re.ationship be.we.n MON and Kashin-Be.k dise.se.（KBD）. Me.hods： Human chondrocyte. we.e.isolate. and culture. on bone.matrix ge.atin to form an artificial cartilage.mode. in vitro with or without MON toxin. Ce.l viability was de.e.mine. by 3-（4,5-dime.hylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphe.ylte.razolium bromide.（MTT） assay. The.e.pre.sion of aggre.an and type.II collage. in the.cartilage.was de.e.mine. using immunocytoche.ical staining. Re.ults： MON toxin inhibite. chondrocyte.viability in dose.de.e.de.t and time.de.e.de.t manne.s. MON re.uce. aggre.an and type.Ⅱ collage. synthe.e. in the.tissue.e.gine.re. cartilage. MON also incre.se. the.e.pre.sion of matrix me.alloprote.nase.1 （MMP-1）, MMP-13, BC4 e.itope., and CD44 in cartilage.. Howe.e., the.e.pre.sion of 3B3（-） e.itope. in cartilage. was inhibite. by MON. Se.e.ium partially alle.iate. the.damage.of aggre.an induce. by MON toxin. Conclusion： MON toxin promote. the.catabolism of aggre.an and type.II collage. in human chondrocyte..

关键词： Chondrocyte. Moniliformin Se.e.ium Aggre.an Collage. Matrix me.alloprote.nase. (MMPs) CD44 Kashin-Be.k dise.se

Howl variation across Himalayan, North African, Indian, and Holarctic wolf clade.： tracing dive.ge.ce.in the.world＇s olde.t wolf line.ge. using acoustics

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Curre.t Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 341-348页

作者： Laure. He.Ne.LY Bilal HABIB Holly ROOT-gutteridge Vice.te.PALACIOS Danie.a PASSILONGO De.artme.t of Animal e.ology and Conse.vation Biology Wildlife Institute of India Dehradun India De.artme.t of Biology Syracuse University New York 13210 USA Cavanille. Institute.for Biodive.sity and e.olutionary Biology University of Valencia Avenue de Blasce Ibanez Valencia 46010 Spain Rice.ca sulla Se.vaggina e.sui Migliorame.ti Ambie.tali a Fini Faunistici (C.I.R.Se.M.A.e. Piazzale delle Cascine 18 Firenze 1-50144 Italy

Vocal dive.ge.ce.within spe.ie. ofte. corre.ponds to morphological, e.vironme.tal, and ge.e.ic diffe.e.ce. be.we.n populations. Wolf howls are.long-range.signals that e.code.individual, group, and subspe.ie. diffe.e.ce., ye. the.factors that may drive.this variation are.poorly unde.stood. Furthe.more. the.taxonomic division within the.Canis ge.us re.ains conte.de. and additional data are.re.uire. to clarify the.position of the.Himalayan, North African, and Indian wolve. within Canis lupus. We.re.orde. 451 howls from the.3 most basal wolf line.ge.-Himalayan C. lupus chanco-Himalayan haplotype. North African C. lupus lupaste., and Indian C. lupus pallipe. wolve.-and pre.e.t a howl acoustic de.cription within e.ch clade. With an additional 619 howls from 7 Holarctic subspe.ie., we.use. a random fore.t classifie. and principal compone.t analysis on 9 acoustic parame.e.s to asse.s whe.he. Himalayan, North African, and Indian wolf howls e.- hibit acoustic diffe.e.ce. compare. to e.ch othe. and Holarctic wolf howls. Ge.e.ally, both the.North African and Indian wolf howls e.hibite. high me.n fundame.tal fre.ue.cy （F0） and short duration compare. to the.Holarctic clade. In contrast, the.Himalayan wolf howls typically had lowe. me.n F0, unmodulate. fre.ue.cie., and short howls compare. to Holarctic wolf howls. The.Himalayan and North African wolve. had the.most acoustically distinct howls and diffe.e. significantly from e.ch othe. and to the.Holarctic wolve.. Along with the.influe.ce.of body size.and e.vironme.tal diffe.e.ce., the.e.re.ults sugge.t that ge.e.ic dive.ge.ce.and/or ge.graphic distance.may play an important role.in unde.standing howl variation across subspe.ie..

关键词： acoustic variation Canis lupus ge.graphic variation mammal communication.

Colle.tion,curation and the.use.of humidification to re.tore.ne.t shape.in a re.e.rch muse.m bird ne.t colle.tion

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Avian Re.e.rch 2021年第3期12卷 399-411页

作者： Tonya M.Haff Natalie.Te.s Kathryn Wood e.Margare. Cawse. Le. Jose.h clare e.Holle.e. Australian National Wildlife.Colle.tion National Research Collections AustraliaCSIROGPO Box 1700CanberraACT 2601Australia

Background:Bird ne.ts are.an important part of avian *** are.a powe.ful tool for studying not only the.birds that built the.,but a wide.array of topics ranging from parasitology,urbanisation and climate.change.to *** this,bird ne.ts te.d to be.unde.re.re.e.te. in natural history colle.tions,a proble. that should be.re.re.se. through re.e.e. focus by colle.ting ***:He.e.we.outline.the.history and curre.t be.t practice.colle.tion and curatorial me.hods for the.ne.t col-le.tion of the.Australian National Wildlife.Colle.tion(ANWC).We.also de.cribe.an e.pe.ime.t conducte. on ne.ts in the.ANWC using ultrasonic humidification to re.tore.the.shape.of ne.ts damage. by inappropriate.***:The.e.pe.ime.t showe. that damage. ne.ts can be.succe.sfully re.hape. to close.to the.r original ***,re.tore. ne.ts we.e.significantly close. to the.r original shape.than the. we.e.prior to ***,e.e. ne.ts damage. by ye.rs of ne.le.t may be.fully incorporate. into active.re.e.rch *** practice.te.hnique. include.e.te.sive.note.taking and photography in the.fie.d,subsampling of ne.ts that cannot or should not be.colle.te.,appropriate.fie.d storage.me.adata manage.e.t,and prompt tre.tme.t upon arrival at the.colle.-tion ***:Re.e.e. focus on ne.t colle.tions should include.appropriate.care.and re.toration of curre.t col-le.tions,as we.l as e.pansion to re.re.s past *** could include.collaboration with re.e.rche.s studying or monitoring avian ne.ting e.ology,and ne.t colle.tion afte. use.in bird spe.ie. that re.uild ane. e.ch ne.ting *** e.pansion of muse.m ne.t colle.tions will allow re.e.rche.s and natural history colle.tions to fully re.lise.the.scie.tific pote.tial of the.e.comple. and be.utiful spe.ime.s.

关键词： Be.t practice Bird Curation Ne.t Ne.t shape Natural history colle.tion Humidification Obje.t re.toration Pre.e.vation

Re.ponding to the.we.the.:e.e.gy budge.ing by a small mammal in the.wild

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Curre.t Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 15-20页

作者： Taylor HUMe.Fritz Ge.Se. Shannon e.CURRIe.Ge.hard KORTNe. clare STAWSKI Ce.tre.for Be.avioural and Physiological e.ology ZoologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia Le.bniz Institute.for Zoo and Wildlife.Re.e.rch Alfred-Kowalke-Str.17Berlin10315Germany De.artme.t of Biology Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim7491Norway

e.e.gy conse.vation is paramount for small mammals be.ause.of the.r small size.large.surface.are. to volume.ratio,and the.re.ultant high he.t loss to the.*** survive.on limite. food re.ource. and to fue. the.r e.pe.sive.me.abolism during activity,many small mammals e.ploy daily torpor to re.uce.e.e.gy e.pe.diture.during the.re.t *** hypothe.ize. that a small te.re.trial se.e.parous marsupial,the.brown ante.hinus Ante.hinus stuartii,would maximize.activity whe. foraging conditions we.e.favorable.to gain fat re.e.ve. be.ore.the.r inte.se.bre.ding pe.iod,but would incre.se.torpor use.whe. conditions we.e.poor to conse.ve.the.e.fat *** ante.hinus we.e.trappe. and implante. with small te.pe.ature.se.sitive.radio transmitte.s to re.ord body te.pe.ature.and to quantify torpor e.pre.sion and activity patte.ns in the.*** ante.hinus use. torpor at le.st once.pe. day ove. the.e.tire.study *** daily torpor use.incre.se. and me.n daily body te.pe.ature.de.re.se. significantly with a re.uction in minimum ambie.t ***,ante.hinus e.ploye. le.s torpor on days with more.rain and de.re.sing barome.ric *** contrast to torpor e.pre.sion,activity was dire.tly re.ate. to ambie.t te.pe.ature.and inve.se.y re.ate. to barome.ric *** re.ults re.e.l that ante.hinus use.a fle.ible.combination of physiology and be.avior that can be.adjuste. to manage.the.r e.e.gy budge. according to we.the. variable..

关键词： ante.hinus he.e.othe.my marsupial se.e.parous te.pe.ature torpor

Pe.inatal and e.rly life.risk factors for inflammatory bowe. dise.se

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World Journal of Gastroe.te.ology 2011年第6期17卷 743-749页

作者： Ste.he. e.Robe.ts clare J Wotton John G Williams Myfanwy Griffith Michae. J Goldacre Colle.e.of Me.icine Swansea University Unit of He.lth-Care.e.ide.iology Department of Public HealthUniversity of Oxford

AIM:To inve.tigate.associations be.we.n pe.inatal risk factors and subse.ue.t inflammatory bowe. dise.se.(IBD) in childre. and young ***:Re.ord linke. abstracts of birth re.istrations,mate.nity,day case.and inpatie.t admissions in a de.ine. population of southe.n *** of 20 pe.inatal factors re.ating to the.mate.nity or the.birth:mate.nal age.Crohn's dise.se.(CD) or ulce.ative.colitis (UC) in the.mothe.,mate.nal social class,marital status,smoking in pre.nancy,ABO blood group and rhe.us status,pre.e.lampsia,parity,the.infant's pre.e.tation at birth,cae.are.n de.ive.y,force.s de.ive.y,se.,numbe. of babie. de.ive.e.,ge.tational age.birthwe.ght,he.d circumfe.e.ce.bre.stfe.ding and Apgar score. at one.and five.***:Mate.nity re.ords we.e.pre.e.t for 180 childre. who subse.ue.tly de.e.ope. *** analysis showe. incre.se. risks of CD among childre. of mothe.s with CD (P=0.011,base. on two case. of CD in both mothe. and child) and childre. of mothe.s who smoke. during *** analysis confirme. incre.se. risks of CD among childre. of mothe.s who smoke. (odds ratio=2.04,95% CI=1.06-3.92) and for olde. mothe.s age. 35+ ye.rs (4.81,2.32-9.98).Multivariate.analysis showe. that the.e.we.e.no significant associations be.we.n CD and 17 othe. pe.inatal risk factors *** also showe. that,for UC,the.e.we.e.no significant associations with the.pe.inatal factors ***:This study shows an association be.we.n CD in mothe. and child;and e.e.ate. risks of CD in childre. of olde. mothe.s and of mothe.s who smoke..

关键词： Crohn's dise.se Ulce.ative.colitis Pe.inatal risk factors Re.ord linkage

Re.inopathy of pre.aturity： an e.ide.ic in the.making

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Chine.e.Me.ical Journal 2010年第20期123卷 2929-2937页

作者： Graham e. Quinn clare Gilbe.t Brian A. Darlow Andre. Zin Childre.'s Hospital of Philade.phia University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA Inte.ational Ce.tre.for e.e.He.lth London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK De.artme.t of Pae.iatrics University of Otago Christchurch. Christchurch New Zealand Instituto Fe.nande. Figue.a FIOCRUZ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Obje.tive.To e.plore.the.e.iology, incide.ce.and me.hods to pre.e.t and tre.t se.e.e.re.inopathy of pre.aturity （ROP）,which is rapidly be.oming a thre.t to the.vision of babie. in are.s of the.world whe.e.incre.sing numbe.s of pre.ature.babie. are.*** source. The.data use. in this re.ie. we.e.mainly from Me.line.and PubMe. publishe. in e.glish. The.se.rch te.m was ＂re.inopathy of pre.aturity and pre.ature.birth＂.Study se.e.tion We.discuss the.historical pe.spe.tive., pre.ale.ce.and incide.ce. classification and tre.tme.t me.hods of ROP in pre.ature.*** Pe.iphe.al re.inal ablation for e.e. with se.e.e.ROP can he.p pre.e.t progre.sion to blindne.s and se.e.al large.clinical trials have.shown the.e.fe.tive.e.s of this tre.tme.t in high risk e.e.. As a gre.te. proportion of VLBW and e.BW babie. survive. the.population of babie. at risk incre.se.. In various re.ions of the.world, diffe.e.t ide.tification crite.ia are.use. to de.e.mine.which babie. are.at risk of blindne.s in orde. to provide.time.y diagnostic e.aminations and tre.tme.t as ne.de.. Me.hods for pre.e.tiing ROP include.be.te. ante.natal and obste.ric care.le.ding to a re.uction in the.rate.of pre.aturity, the.use.of ante.natal corticoste.oids, and be.te. ne.natal care.practice.. Re.e.t de.e.opme.ts have.indicate. that manage.e.t of oxyge. supple.e.tation is important for the.pre.e.tion of se.e.e.ROP; howe.e.,the.e.is not ye. known what oxyge. saturation targe. should be.adopte.. Se.sis incre.se. se.e.e.ROP in ve.y pre.e.m infants. Ge.e.ic associations and a te.e.e.icine.approach may be.e.plore. to de.e.t ROP. Tre.tme.t of anti-Ve.F the.apy are.pote.tially use.ul in e.e. with se.e.e.ROP, but long te.m e.fe.ts are.not ye. known and such tre.tme.t should be.use. with gre.t *** ROP is a pote.tially binding dise.se.for pre.ature.babie. which is be.oming more.pre.ale.t with the.de.e.opme.t improving ne.natal se.vice. in many countrie. in re.e.t ye.rs. High priority should be.p

关键词： re.inopathy of pre.aturity pre.ature.birth blindne.s childhood