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The stadium effect:rodent damage patterns in rice fields explored using giving-up densities

Integrative Zoology 2017年第6期12卷 438-445页

作者： clare r.jones renee P.LOrICA James M.VILLEGAS Angelee F.rAMAL Finbarr G.HOrGAN Grant r.SINGLETON Alexander M.STUArT Crop and Environmental Sciences Division International Rice Research InstituteMetro ManilaPhilippines Natural resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK Centre for Compassionate Conservation University of Technology SydneyNew South WalesAustralia

rodents are globally important pre-harvest pests of *** Southeast Asia,rodent damage to growing rice crops is commonly concentrated towards the center of rice fields,away from the field edge,resulting in a clear pattern known as the“stadium effect.”To further understand this behavior of rodent pests and to develop recommendations for future research and management,we examined the relation between giving-up densities(GUDs)and damage *** Tanay,Luzon,Philippines,GUD trays containing pieces of coconut in a matrix of sand were placed at 4 different distances from the field edge to quantify the perceived risk of predation in a rice field pest,rattus *** were recorded during a dry and wet season crop at the reproductive and ripening stages of *** addition,assessments of active burrows,tracking tile activity and rodent damage to the rice crop,were conducted in the dry *** were significantly lower in the center of the rice fields than on the field edges,suggesting that rodent damage to rice is greater in the middle of rice fields due to a lower perceived predation ***,this perception of predation risk(or fear)increases towards the field edge and was greatest on the rice bund,where there was no vegetation *** discuss the implications for rodent management and rodent damage assessments in rice *** is the first documented use of GUDs in a rice agro-ecosystem in Asia;thus we identify the challenges and lessons learned through this process.

关键词： habitat use landscape of fear pest management rattus tanezumi rodent behavior

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High-throughput metabarcoding of SAr11 assemblages from the southwest Atlantic shelf and arid Patagonia:richness and associated rank abundance distributions

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Quantitative Biology 2023年第3期11卷 332-342页

作者： Leandro r.jones Julieta M.Manrique Laboratorio de Virología y Genética Molecular Universidad Nacional dela Patagonia San Juan BoscoTrelew CP 9100Argentina

Background:Massively parallel sequencing of environmental DNA allows microbiological studies to be performed in greater detail than was possible with first-generation *** example,it facilitates the use of approaches hitherto largely applied to flora and fauna,such as rank abundance distribution(rAD)***:Here,we set out to advance the knowledge on ***(SAr11)communities from southern South America using environmental sequences from the open ocean in the Argentine sea,the uncharted Engaño Bay,as well as a river and an oligohaline shallow lake from the Patagonian Steppe *** structures of the SAr11 assemblages present in these ecosystems were dissected by direct and rarefaction-based estimates of species richness,and evaluations of the corresponding abundance distributions(ADs),which was addressed by rAD ***:Microbial community composition analyses revealed that the studied SAr11 assemblages coexist with 27 bacterial ***11 richness was in general very high,but ADs turned out to be highly *** results were compatible with prior knowledge,and similar to that derived from point estimates of ***,our comprehensive dissection allowed for more detailed quantitative comparisons to be made between the environments surveyed,and revealed differences regarding both richness and the underlying ***:Despite SAr11 assemblages being extremely rich,their ADs are very *** and ADs can vary,not only between fresh and salt water,but also between oceanic and coastal marine *** obtained results provide insights on general topics such as adaptation and the contrast between marine and freshwater radiations.

关键词： SAr11 richness species abundance distribution rank abundance distribution Patagonia Argentina

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Effects of vertical position on trematode parasitism in larval anurans

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 657-664页

作者： Jacob r.jones Camille L.STEENrOD John A.MArINO Jr. Biology Department Bradley UniversityPeoriaILUSA Department of Geography University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA

Spatial distributions of animals can affect interactions with their natural enemies,such as parasites,and thus have important implications for host-parasite *** spatial variation in infection risk has been explored in many systems at the landscape scale,less attention has been paid to spatial structure at smaller ***,we explore a hypothesized relationship between a common spatial variable,vertical position,and risk of parasite infection in a model aquatic system,larval frogs(rana)and trematode(Digenea)*** position is relevant to this system given evidence that the densities of snail first intermediate hosts,tadpole second intermediate hosts,and trematode infective stages can vary with *** test the effects of depth on infection risk of larval frogs by trematodes,we performed two enclosure experiments,one in the laboratory and one in the field,in which larval frogs in cages just below the water surface or near the bottom of the water column were exposed to *** with near-surface cages,mean infection load(number of cysts)in tadpoles in near-bottom cages was 83%higher after 48-h exposures in the laboratory and 730%higher after 10-day exposures in the *** findings thus indicate that infection risk depends on depth,which may have adaptive significance,as tadpoles have previously been shown to change vertical position in response to parasite *** results motivate future work examining vertical variation in infection risk and may have broader implications for host-parasite dynamics and evolution of host and parasite behavior.

关键词： avoidance behavior cercariae Echinostomatidae host-parasite interactions rana spatial structure

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A DECISION-MAKING FrAMEWOrK FOr VEGETATED rOOFING SYSTEM SELECTION

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Journal of Green Building 2008年第4期3卷 138-153页

作者： Elizabeth J.Grant James r.jones School of Architecture+Design Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University403B Cowgill HallBlacksburgVirginia 24061 USA

Design frequently involves making tradeoffs to obtain the“optimal”solution to a design problem,often using intuition or past experience as a *** vegetated roofing is a relatively complex and comparatively new technology to many practitioners,a rational,explicit method to help organize and rank the tradeoffs made during the design process is *** research comprises the creation of a framework diagramming the decision process involved in the selection of vegetated roofi ng *** literature review,case studies and interviews with experts,the available knowledge is captured and organized to determine the critical parameters affecting design *** important evaluative categories are identifi ed and parameters within these categories are addressed in the context of a decision support system for green roof designers.A summation of the total importance of the advantages represented by each alternative is used to determine the most feasible green roof system for a particular *** framework is demonstrated and compared with green roof designers’decision-making processes and conclusions are drawn regarding its effectiveness.

关键词： vegetated roof green roof decision support system decision-making framework Choosing By Advantages

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Experience Using Different DBMSs in Prototyping a Book—Keeper for ATLAS‘ DAQ Software

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 248-251页

作者： AAmorim r.jones 等 FCUL（UniversityofLisboa）Lisbon Portugal CErN，Geneva Switzerland

The Online Book-keeper(OBK) was developed to keep track of past data taking activity,as well as providing the hardware and software conditions during physics data taking to the scientists doing offline *** approach adopted to build the OBK was to develop a series of prototypes,experlimenting and comparing different DBMS systems for data storage,In this paper we describe the implemented prototypes,analyse their different characteristics and present the results obtained using a common set of tests.

关键词： ATLAS实验 DAQ 软件开发

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D波段双球镜准光系统测量低耗介质

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强激光与粒子束 2012年第2期24卷 445-448页

作者：高源慈余国芬李恩郭高凤 Charles r.jones 电子科技大学电子工程学院成都611731 芬德雷大学北卡罗来纳中央大学

采用双球镜准光腔、频谱仪和锁相返波管组建了D波段低损耗介质测试系统,该系统通过频谱仪和外置谐波混频器得到腔体谐振测试数据,并用拟合或积分方法从谐振曲线中求解出准光腔的品质因数。测得双球镜开腔的固有品质因数大于8×105,使该... 详细信息

采用双球镜准光腔、频谱仪和锁相返波管组建了D波段低损耗介质测试系统,该系统通过频谱仪和外置谐波混频器得到腔体谐振测试数据,并用拟合或积分方法从谐振曲线中求解出准光腔的品质因数。测得双球镜开腔的固有品质因数大于8×105,使该系统在工作波段可测量损耗角正切为10-5量级的低损耗介质。用该系统测出的石英、人造金刚石和蓝宝石的介电常数和损耗,与报道的结果一致,并测得4H-SiC在132.07GHz的介电常数实部为9.598,损耗角正切为6.1×10-5。

关键词：准光学开放腔锁相返波管损耗角正切高功率真空输出窗

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Sounds Synthesis with Slime Mould of Physarum Polycephalum

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第2期8卷 107-113页

作者： Eduardo r. Miranda Andrew Adamatzky Jeff jones Interdisciplinary Centre.for Computer Music research (ICCMr) University of Plymouth Plymouth PL48AA UK Unconventional Computing Centre University of the West of England Bristol BSI 61QY UK

This paper introduces a novel application of bionic engineering： a bionic musical instrument using Physarum polycephalum. Physarum polycephalum is a huge single cell with thousands of nuclei, which behaves like a giant amoeba. During its foraging behavior this plasmodium produces electrical activity corresponding to different physiological states. We developed a method to render sounds from such electrical activity and thus represent spatio-temporal behavior of slime mould in a form apprehended auditorily. The electrical activity is captured by various electrodes placed on a Petri dish containing the cultured slime mold. Sounds are synthesized by a bank of parallel sinusoidal oscillators connected to the electrodes. Each electrode is responsible for one partial of the spectrum of the resulting sound. The behavior of the slime mould can be controlled to produce different timbres.

关键词： Physarum polycephalum bionic musical instrument unconventional computing sound synthesis sonification

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口服高渗替代液对犊牛腹泻的疗效

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动物医学进展 1986年第2期 40-42页

作者： r.jones 方之励

新生犊牛腹泻的死亡大多数是由于脱水、电介质丧失、平衡失调及能量缺乏所引起。体液和电介质支持疗法价值大大提高。在过去几年内,应用口服治疗腹泻已有增加,因为它比肠外输液容易进行,而且通常都有效。本文是评价与肠外应用治疗腹泻... 详细信息

新生犊牛腹泻的死亡大多数是由于脱水、电介质丧失、平衡失调及能量缺乏所引起。体液和电介质支持疗法价值大大提高。在过去几年内,应用口服治疗腹泻已有增加,因为它比肠外输液容易进行,而且通常都有效。本文是评价与肠外应用治疗腹泻犊牛设计的商品替代液的口服效果。该液是根据腹泻发展引起电介质丧失和平街紊乱而配制的。

关键词：犊牛红细胞压积关节临床状况蛋白质血液检查运动器官球节渗克分子高渗溶液溶液剂血钾浓度血浆蛋白血浆葡萄糖

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Interpretation of tangential and radial pressure cells in and on sprayed concrete tunnel linings

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Underground Space 2021年第5期6卷 516-527页

作者： Benoit D.jones Chris r.I.Clayton Inbye Engineering Limited Coventry CV12NPUK Department of Engineering University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

It is important to be able to measure stresses in tunnel linings to verify design assumptions and validate numerical *** sprayed concrete-lined tunnels,continuous monitoring of stresses from the time of spraying onwards is desirable,and this can only be achieved using pressure cells installed on and in the sprayed concrete *** there has been some success in using radial pressure cells between the ground and the lining,a method for obtaining reliable absolute values of stress from tangential pressure cells embedded in the sprayed concrete has not been *** paper describes numerical and experimental studies of the behavior of pressure cells for monitoring stresses in a sprayed concrete lining and describes an original methodology to achieve reliable *** particular,data from tangential pressure cells require careful interpretation,as they are sensitive to temperature,and this temperature sensitivity is found in parametric numerical analyses to vary as the stiffness of the concrete and its coefficient of thermal expansion evolve at early *** pressure cells are also sensitive to shrinkage strains in the concrete,and a methodology for removing this effect is *** the approach described in this paper,it is now possible to use pressure cells to measure absolute values of stresses in and on sprayed concrete tunnel linings from early age into the *** example of radial and tangential pressure cells installed in the Heathrow Terminal 4 concourse tunnel is used to illustrate the methodology.

关键词： Lining stresses Sprayed concrete Shotcrete Monitoring Pressure cells

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Application of supersonic particle deposition to enhance the structural integrity of aircraft structures

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第1期57卷 12-18页

作者： Matthews N. jones r. Sih G.C. rosebank Engineering Australia 836 Mountain Highway Bayswater VIC 315 Australia Centre of Expertise in Structural Mechanics Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Monash UniversityWellington Rd Clayton Vic 3800 Australia Centre of Sustainability Accountability and Eco-Affordability for Large and Small Structures Lehigh University BethlehemPennsylvania USA

Aircraft metal components and structures are susceptible to environmental degradation throughout their original design life and in many cases their extended *** paper summarizes the results of an experimental program to evaluate the ability of Supersonic Particle Deposition(SPD),also known as cold spray,to extend the limit of validity(LOV)of aircraft structural components and to restore the structural integrity of corroded *** this study the potential for the SPD to seal the mechanically fastened joints and for this seal to remain intact even in the presence of multi-site damage(MSD)has been *** sealing the joint the onset of corrosion damage in the joint can be significantly retarded,possibly even eliminated,thereby dramatically extending the LOV of mechanically fastened *** study also shows that SPD can dramatically increase the damage tolerance of badly corroded wing skins.

关键词： cold spray fuselage joints corrosion LOV

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