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exposure to emissions from Kerosene Cooking Stoves and the Pulmonary Health Status of Women in Olorunda Community, Ibadan, Nigeria

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Journal of environmental Protection 2015年第5期6卷 435-445页

作者： B. A. Adeniji G. R. e. e. Ana B. O. Adedokun O. I. Ige Department of environmental Health Sciences Faculty of Public Health University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of epidemiology and Medical Statistics Faculty of Public Health University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Medicine Faculty of Clinical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

exposure to high PM10 by women and children for hours on a daily basis in poor ventilated kitchen may lead to respiratory morbidity among this vulnerable group. In Nigeria, data on the levels of air pollutants associated with kerosene stove combustion are very scarce. Like-wise little had been documented on the pulmonary health of women exposed to kerosene stove emission. This study was carried out to measure the levels of kerosene combustion emissions within kitchen environments and also assess the pulmonary function status of the exposed women at baseline. Particulate matter (PM10) and gaseous emissions (Ge) were measured in six purposively selected clusters of regular kerosene stove users (KSU) using gravimetric sampler and gas monitors, respectively and their values compared with WHO guideline limits. 167 randomly selected KSU were surveyed to elicit their socio demographic features. A spirometer was used to assess the lung function status (FeV1) of 72 KSU in six neighbourhood kitchen clusters. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s correlation tests. Respondents’ mean age was 38 + 12.9 years. Mean duration of exposure to Ge was 18.9 + 9.8 years. Mean PM10 was 248.1 + 14.1 μg/m3 and ten folds higher than WHO guideline limit of 25 μg/m3. Mean Ge in ppm were: CO (0.00), CO2 (200.1 + 12.4), SO2 (0.01 + 0.00) and NO2 (0.00). Mean FeV1 among KSU was 2.0 + 0.5 litres which was significantly lower than the mean predicted value of 2.7 ± 0.5 litres. There was a negative correlation between PM10 and FeV1 (r = -0.7539, p > 0.05). Safer cooking methods and practices to obviate health hazards are advocated.

关键词： Kerosene Stoves Air Pollution Lung Function Status Rural Women Ibadan

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Three global conditions for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use: an implementation framework

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National Science Review 2019年第6期6卷 1080-1082页

作者： Harvey Locke erle C.ellis Oscar Venter Richard Schuster Keping Ma Xiaoli Shen Stephen Woodley Naomi Kingston Nina Bhola Bernardo B.N.Strassburg Axel Paulsch Brooke Williams James e.M.Watson Beyond the Aichi Targets Task Force IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas and Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative Department of Geography and environmental Systems University of Maryland Natural Resources and environmental Studies Institute University of Northern British Columbia Department of Biology Carleton University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas UN environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre UNeP-WCMC

’Nature and its vital contributions to people, which together embody biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, are deteriorating worldwide’ [1].The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD) is intended to ensure conservation of biodiversity,its wise use, and sharing of benefits from use of genetic resources. Through

关键词： Three global conditions for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use an implementation framework

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基于时序NDVI的露天煤矿区土地损毁与复垦过程特征分析

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农业工程学报 2015年第16期31卷 251-257页

作者：李晶 Zipper Carl e. 李松 Donovan Patricia F. Wynne Randolph H. Oliphant Adam J. 夏清中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院北京100083 弗吉尼亚理工大学农业与生命科学学院美国24061 弗吉尼亚理工大学自然资源与环境学院美国24061

露天煤矿区是人类活动强扰动地区之一。该文以阿巴拉契亚煤田区韦恩县为研究区域,应用遥感时序分析法分析了像元尺度的土地损毁和复垦过程特征。得出结论:1984-2010年间,韦兹县露天开采扰动区域占采矿权范围的45.80%,其中植被恢复区域... 详细信息

露天煤矿区是人类活动强扰动地区之一。该文以阿巴拉契亚煤田区韦恩县为研究区域,应用遥感时序分析法分析了像元尺度的土地损毁和复垦过程特征。得出结论:1984-2010年间,韦兹县露天开采扰动区域占采矿权范围的45.80%,其中植被恢复区域占开采范围的66.45%,开采时间越早,植被恢复像元比例越高;开采造成的地表无植被覆盖期时长中位数为6 a,均值为7 a;已充分复垦的区域,NDVI值恢复至采前水平的加权平均时长为12 a。基于像元变化轨迹的研究,除揭示土地损毁-复垦过程特征外,能较好地反映空间异质性,可以为土地复垦管理和相关政策决策提供科学依据。

关键词：土地复垦煤矿遥感露天煤矿归一化植被指数时序分析

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Prescribing patterns of antibiotics at two teaching hospitals in Sanandaj

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海南医学院学报 2010年第2期16卷 150-153页

作者： Beiranvand S Mostafavi S Tamimi M Shahsavari S Mohammadi H Ghotbi N Kalantar e Deputy of Food and Drug Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Kurdistan Digestive Research Center Tohid HospitalKurdistan University of Medical Sciences Department of Health School of HealthKurdistan University of Medical Sciences evaluation Unit Deputy of HealthKurdistan University of Medical Sciences Department of Pediatrics Beasat hospitalKurdistan University of Medical Sciences

We report here the results of a prospective analysis of the pattern of antibiotics use over a one month period(May 2009)at two teaching hospitals in Sanandaj,western part of *** on antibiotic usage were obtained from the pharmacy *** was coded,computed and analyzed using SPSS version 11.5.A total of 1336 and 556 patients from Beasat and Tohid hospital respectively received *** patients represented 758(41.5 %)and females 1080(58.5 %)of the total number of patients evaluated by physicians at the two hospitals during the one month *** of antibiotics varied from hospital to hospital;Beasat hospital had the highest *** ward-wise distribution of antibiotic use showed that the prevalence of prescribing was highest in the post partum ward(66.58%).Similarly,among Tohid hospital wards,men surgical ward and women surgical ward prescribed antibiotics significantly more than all other *** route of administration of antibiotics was parentrally for 85.5% and 88.2% at Beasat anf Tohid hospitals *** distribution of use of individual antibiotics showed that cepfzoline was the most frequently prescribed antibiotics used at both the ***(childbirth)and pneumonia were the most frequent diagnosed pattern for which an antibiotic was prescribed at Beasat and Tohid hospital *** conclusion our study suggests that there is considerable scope for improving prescribing pattern among the practitioners and minimizing the use of *** improvement would be facilitated by providing feedback,prescriber education and hospital formulary.

关键词：抗生素合理用药患病率医院

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Genetic characterization of FSH beta-subunit gene and its association with buffalo fertility

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第5期6卷 193-196页

作者： Ahmed S.A.Sosa Karima Gh M.Mahmoud Mohamed M.M.Kandiel Hazem A.A.eldebaky Mahmoud F.Nawito Mahmoud e.A.Abou el-Roos Department of Animal Reproduction&A.I National Research CentreDokkiTahrir Street12622 GizaEgypt Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityKaliobiaEgypt

Objective:To study genetic variation in buffalo follicle stimulating hormone beta-subunit (FSHB) gene and its association with ***: In this experimental study, blood samples were collected by standard methods using eDTA anticoagulant and transrectal ultrasound examination was conducted on fertile (n=74) and infertile buffaloes with a history of anestrum (n=30) or repeat breeding (n=12). The genomic DNA was extracted for PCR followed by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. DNA sequencing was performed for the determination of single nucleotide polymorphism ofFSHB ***:The study results showed that there was genetic polymorphism with two different single strand conformation polymorphism patterns, AA and AB. The former pattern was associated with fertility in egyptian buffaloes. Pair wise alignment of the two patterns sequences revealed that FSHB pattern II (AB) has C nucleotide insertion as SNP at the site of 208 bp of sequenced ***:FSHB is polymorphic in the infertile egyptian buffaloes, suggesting its practicability as a candidate marker for female fertility.

关键词： Buffalo FSH beta-subunit gene Nucleotide sequences SSCP analysis

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盲人焦虑抑郁状态与脑结构重塑的相关性研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2023年第5期46卷 510-515页

作者：刘洋冀艺徐金娥刘冲张宇秦文天津医科大学总医院医学影像科天津300052 保定市第一中心医院医学影像一科

目的探究盲人群体焦虑抑郁状态与大脑结构重塑模式之间的关系,揭示盲人焦虑抑郁的潜在神经生物学机制。方法前瞻性招募46例全盲被试(盲人组)以及41例视力正常的健康志愿者(HC组)。采用贝克抑郁量表和状态-特质焦虑量表评估被试的抑郁和... 详细信息

目的探究盲人群体焦虑抑郁状态与大脑结构重塑模式之间的关系,揭示盲人焦虑抑郁的潜在神经生物学机制。方法前瞻性招募46例全盲被试(盲人组)以及41例视力正常的健康志愿者(HC组)。采用贝克抑郁量表和状态-特质焦虑量表评估被试的抑郁和焦虑状态。所有被试均行扩散张量成像(DTI)和三维T1加权结构MRI检查,计算脑白质各向异性分数(FA)及全脑灰质体积(GMV)。采用Mann-WhitneyU检验比较2组间焦虑/抑郁量表评分的差异,采用体素水平的独立样本t检验比较2组间FA值和GMV,差异有统计学意义的脑区为重塑脑区。使用Spearman相关评估盲人焦虑/抑郁评分与重塑脑区FA值和GMV的相关性。结果盲人组抑郁评分高于HC组,特质焦虑评分低于HC组(均P0.05)。与HC组相比,盲人组的胼胝体大钳、双侧额枕下束、双侧下纵束的FA值均减低,双侧距状裂周围皮质的GMV显著减低(均Pearman相关分析显示,胼胝体大钳、双侧额枕下束和右侧下纵束的FA值均与特质焦虑评分呈正相关(均P<0.05);双侧距状裂周围皮质GMV与特质焦虑评分呈正相关(均P<0.05),与抑郁评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论与健康人群相比,盲人群体更易罹患抑郁且特质焦虑评分更低。盲人群体的抑郁焦虑特征与枕叶灰白质的结构重塑密切相关。

关键词：视力剥夺焦虑抑郁扩散张量成像各向异性分数脑白质完整性脑灰质体积

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effects of Foliar Fertilizer Application on Quality of Tea (<I>Camellia sinensis</I>) Grown in the Kenyan Highlands

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2707-2715页

作者： Rachael Njeri e. Njogu David K. Kariuki David M. Kamau Francis N. Wachira Department of Chemistry University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Tea Research Foundation of Kenya Kericho Kenya

In Kenya, foliar fertilizers have not found use in tea production despite their numerous advantages as exhibited in other crops. A fertilizer trial test was established in three sites of the major tea growing regions, with 36 plots per site to determine the effects of foliar fertilizer application on tea quality. Two foliar fertilizers were tested;foliar fertilizer 1 (FF1) and foliar fertilizer 2 (FF2), with a positive control of soil fertilizer (SF) and a blank. Two leaves and a bud tea samples were collected every two weeks after each foliar fertilizer application. These were then analyzed for tea quality (total polyphenols, TP), nutrient residues for the different clones and geographical locations. The TP contents for clone TRFK 31/8 were as follows: FF1 = 17.8%, FF2 = 17.9%, SF = 16.56% and Zero = 17.4%. Tukey-Kramer pair wise comparison test results between the foliar fertilizers and SF showed that the FF1 (HSD = 4.78) and FF2 (HSD = 5.27) fertilizers had significantly (P er levels of TP content as compared to control SF fertilizer. Nutrients analyzed had average means as follows: N = 4% - 5%, P = 0.25% - 0.28%, K = 1.35% - 1.69%, Ca = 0.3 - 0.5 ppm, Mg = 0.19 - 0.27 ppm, Mn = 0.05 - 0.13 ppm, Zn = 25 - 40.5 ppm, Cu = 11 - 17 ppm and Fe = 72 - 122 ppm. The nutrient residue levels had non-significantly statistical differences at P evel between pairs of zero applied plots and the FF1, FF2 and SF applied plots respectively. It was concluded that the foliar fertilizers increased the TP content in tested tea samples and the nutrients analyzed were all within the dietary reference intake (DRI) levels for SF, FF1 and FF2. Overall, the foliar fertilizer increased the quality of the tested tea samples.

关键词： Tea Total Polyphenols Nutrient Residue Foliar Fertilizer

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扫描微量热法研究稀腐植酸水溶液

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腐植酸 2014年第6期 32-36页

作者： A.N.Danilenko e.e.Braudo N.e.Pavlovskaya e.I.Yushkova I.L.Zhuravleva 尹晗迪俄罗斯科学院伊曼纽尔生化物理研究院莫斯科119991 俄罗斯奥廖尔州农业大学奥廖尔302019 俄罗斯奥廖尔州立大学药检所奥廖尔302028 兰州大学化学系兰州730000

用反相柱色谱检测发现,经过不同时间的动物扰动堆肥堆制所获得的腐植酸是由亲水组分和疏水组分组成的,其中疏水组分大体上含有较低的带电基团,这些带电基团很可能是羧酸。在差示扫描量热法测定腐植酸的稀溶液做出的热容-温度图中发现了... 详细信息

用反相柱色谱检测发现,经过不同时间的动物扰动堆肥堆制所获得的腐植酸是由亲水组分和疏水组分组成的,其中疏水组分大体上含有较低的带电基团,这些带电基团很可能是羧酸。在差示扫描量热法测定腐植酸的稀溶液做出的热容-温度图中发现了在约58℃时有一个转折,这表明疏水基团水合作用的增加。我们还发现了在86-90℃的温度区间内有一个热容的突增,这可能是由于＂胶束＂内部的疏水基团的水合作用,因为类似胶束结构的疏水核有＂脱玻作用＂。这表明了随着堆肥时间的增加,腐植酸疏水组分的相对含量和热转变的协同性也增加,它以热容突增的形式表现出来,这很可能是因为＂胶束＂大小的增加。

关键词：腐植酸疏水性高效液相色谱扫描微量热法热容

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CT结肠成像筛查发现息肉的阳性预测值

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国际医学放射学杂志 2010年第5期 497-497页

作者： P.J.Pickhardt S.M.wise D.H.Kim 昌倩 Department of Radiology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthE3/311 Clinical Science Center

关键词： CT结肠成像仿真结肠成像结肠直肠癌筛查息肉

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成年精神病与精神分裂症患者的管理：MCe最新指南概要

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英国医学杂志中文版 2014年第4期17卷 257-260页

作者： elizabeth Kuipers Amina Yesufu- Udechuku clare Taylor Tim Kendall 王琰何燕玲 Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry King's College London London SE5 8AFUK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre South London and Mandsley NHS Foundation Trust London SE5 8AF National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health University CollegeLondan ( Clinical Educational and Health Psychology ) London WC1E 7HB National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Royal College of Psychiatrists London E1 8BB Sheffield Health and Social Care NHS Foundation Trust SheffieldS10 3TH UK University CollegeLondan ( Clinical Educational and Health Psychology ) London WC1E 7HB 上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心

这是新指南系列BMJ概述中的一个，这些指南都是基于现有的最佳证据制定的；他们突出了临床实践中的重要建议，尤其是那些不确定或具争议性的方面。

关键词：精神分裂症精神病指南管理成人

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