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Impact of COVID-19 on presentation,management,and outcomes of acute care surgery for gallbladder disease and acute appendicitis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第8期13卷 859-870页

作者： Orly Nadell Farber Giselle I Gomez Ashley L Titan Andrea T Fisher Christopher J Puntasecca Veronica Toro Arana Arielle Kempinsky clare e wise Kovi e Bessoff Mary T Hawn James R Korndorffer Jr Joseph D Forrester Micaela M esquivel Department of Surgery Stanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94305United States

BACKGROUND The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has significantly disrupted both elective and acute medical *** from the early months suggest that acute care patient populations deferred presenting to the emergency department(eD),portending more severe disease at the time of ***,care for this patient population trended towards initial non-operative *** To examine the presentation,management,and outcomes of patients who developed gallbladder disease or appendicitis during the *** A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis,symptomatic cholelithiasis,or appendicitis in two eDs affiliated with a single tertiary academic medical center in Northern California between March and June,2020 and in the same months of *** were selected through a research repository using international classification of diseases(ICD)-9 and ICD-10 *** both years,313 patients were identified with either type of gallbladder disease,while 361 patients were identified with acute *** primary outcome was overall incidence of *** outcomes included presentation,management,complications,and 30-d re-presentation *** between different variables were explored using Pearson’s r correlation *** were compared using the Welch’s t-Test,Chi-squared tests,and Fisher’s exact test as *** Patients with gallbladder disease and appendicitis both had more severe presentations in *** respect to gallbladder disease,more patients in the COVID-19 cohort presented with acute cholecystitis compared to the control cohort[50%(80)vs 35%(53);P=0.01].Patients also presented with more severe cholecystitis in 2020 as indicated by higher mean Tokyo Criteria Scores[mean(SD)1.39(0.56)vs 1.16(0.44);P=0.02].With respect to appendicitis,more patients were diagnosed with a perforated appendix at presentation in 2020[20%(36)vs 16%(29);P=0.0

关键词： COVID-19 Cholecystitis Biliary colic Appendicitis Acute care surgery

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Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury:a randomized controlled study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2773-2784页

作者： Hui Zhu James D.Guest Sarah Dunlop Jia-Xin Xie Sujuan Gao Zhuojing Luo Joe e.Springer Wutian Wu wise Young Wai Sang Poon Song Liu Hongkun Gao Tao Yu Dianchun Wang Libing Zhou Shengping Wu Lei Zhong Fang Niu Xiaomei Wang Yansheng Liu Kwok-Fai So Xiao-Ming Xu Kunming Tongren Hospital KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure ParalysisMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Minderoo Foundation PerthWAAustralia Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military CommandKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina W.M.Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA Neurosurgery Department Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

For patients with chronic spinal cord injury,the co nventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection,pressure sores,osteoporosis,and deep vein *** is rarely perfo rmed on spinal co rd injury in the chronic phase,and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury *** of effective therapies fo r chronic spinal co rd injury patients is *** conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal co rd injury to compare intensive rehabilitation(weight-bearing walking training)alone with surgical intervention plus intensive *** clinical trial was registered at ***(NCT02663310).The goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering,restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow,and elimination of residual spinal cord *** found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement,reduced spasticity,and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training ***,the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were *** Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in T7-T11 injuries than in T2-T6 *** combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.

关键词： chronic spinal cord injury intensive rehabilitation locomotor training neurological recovery surgical intervention weightbearing walking training

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On Differential equations of Integrable Billiard Tables

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,english Series 2024年第1期40卷 417-424页

作者： Vladimir DRAGOVIC Andrey e.MIRONOV Department of Mathematical Sciences The University of Texas at DallasRichardson TXUSA Mathematical Institute SANU BelgradeSerbia Novosibirsk State University NovosibirskRussia Sobolev Institute of Mathematics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences NovosibirskRussia

We introduce a method to find differential equations for functions which define tables,such that associated billiard systems admit a local first *** illustrate this method in three situations:the case of(locally)integrable wire billiards,for finding surfaces in R^(3)with a first integral of degree one in velocities,and for finding a piece-wise smooth surface in R^(3)homeomorphic to a torus,being a table of a billiard admitting two additional first integrals.

关键词： Polynomial first integrals wire billiards piece-wise smooth surfaces

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Biomechanics associated with tibial stress fracture in runners:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 333-342页

作者： clare e.Milner eric Foch Joseph M.Gonzales Drew Petersen Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19102USA Department of Health Sciences Central Washington UniversityEllensburgWA 98926USA

Background:Tibial stress fracture(TSF)is an overuse running injury with a long recovery *** many running studies refer to biomechanical risk factors for TSF,only a few have compared biomechanics in runners with TSF to *** aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate biomechanics in runners with TSF compared to ***:electronic databases PubMed,Web of Science,SPORTDiscus,Scopus,Cochrane,and CINAHL were *** of bias was assessed and meta-analysis conducted for variables reported in 3 or more ***:The search retrieved 359 unique records,but only the 14 that compared runners with TSF to controls were included in the *** studies were retrospective,2 were prospective,and most had a small sample size(5-30 per group).Many variables were not significantly different between ***-analysis of peak impact,active,and braking ground reaction forces found no significant differences between *** studies found larger tibial peak anterior tensile stress,peak posterior compressive stress,peak axial acceleration,peak rearfoot eversion,and hip adduction in the TSF ***:Meta-analysis indicated that discrete ground reaction force variables were not statistically significantly different in runners with TSF compared to *** individual included studies,many biomechanical variables were not statistically significantly different between ***,many were reported by only a single study,and sample sizes were *** encourage additional studies with larger sample sizes of runners with TSF and controls and adequate statistical power to confirm or refute these findings.

关键词： Bone stress injury Gait Kinematics Kinetics Tibial acceleration

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A Modified Crank-Nicolson Numerical Scheme for the Flory-Huggins Cahn-Hilliard Model

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第1期31卷 60-93页

作者： Wenbin Chen Jianyu Jing Cheng Wang Xiaoming Wang Steven M.wise Shanghai Key Laboratory for Contemporary Applied Mathematics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China Mathematics Department University of MassachusettsNorth DartmouthMA 02747USA International Center for Mathematics and Department of Mathematics and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Designand National Center for Applied Mathematics ShenzhenSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055P.R.China Mathematics Department University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

In this paper we propose and analyze a second order accurate numericalscheme for the Cahn-Hilliard equation with logarithmic Flory Huggins energy potential. A modified Crank-Nicolson approximation is applied to the logarithmic nonlinear term, while the expansive term is updated by an explicit second order AdamsBashforth extrapolation, and an alternate temporal stencil is used for the surface diffusion term. A nonlinear artificial regularization term is added in the numerical scheme,which ensures the positivity-preserving property, i.e., the numerical value of the phasevariable is always between -1 and 1 at a point-wise level. Furthermore, an unconditional energy stability of the numerical scheme is derived, leveraging the special formof the logarithmic approximation term. In addition, an optimal rate convergence estimate is provided for the proposed numerical scheme, with the help of linearizedstability analysis. A few numerical results, including both the constant-mobility andsolution-dependent mobility flows, are presented to validate the robustness of the proposed numerical scheme.

关键词： Cahn-Hilliard equation Flory Huggins energy potential positivity preserving energy stability second order accuracy optimal rate convergence estimate

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Machine learning force fields for molecular liquids: ethylene Carbonate/ethyl Methyl Carbonate binary solvent

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 830-844页

作者： Ioan-Bogdan Magdău Daniel JArismendi-Arrieta Holly eSmith clare PGrey Kersti Hermansson Gábor Csányi engineering Laboratory University of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCambridge CB21PZUK Department of Chemistry–Ångström Laboratory Uppsala UniversityBox 53875121 UppsalaSweden Yusuf Hamid Department of Chemistry University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB21EWUK

Highly accurate ab initio molecular dynamics(MD)methods are the gold standard for studying molecular mechanisms in the condensed phase,however,they are too expensive to capture many key properties that converge slowly with respect to simulation length and time *** learning(ML)approaches which reach the accuracy of ab initio simulation,and which are,at the same time,sufficiently affordable hold the key to bridging this *** this work we present a robust ML potential for the eC:eMC binary solvent,a key component of liquid electrolytes in rechargeable Li-ion *** identify the necessary ingredients needed to successfully model this liquid mixture of organic *** particular,we address the challenge posed by the separation of scale between intra-and inter-molecular interactions,which is a general issue in all condensed phase molecular systems.

关键词： condensed binary ethylene

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Retinopathy of prematurity： an epidemic in the making

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第20期123卷 2929-2937页

作者： Graham e. Quinn clare Gilbert Brian A. Darlow Andrea Zin Children's Hospital of Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA Intemational Centre for eye Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK Department of Paediatrics University of Otago Christchurch. Christchurch New Zealand Instituto Fernandes Figuera FIOCRUZ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Objective To explore the etiology, incidence and methods to prevent and treat severe retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）,which is rapidly becoming a threat to the vision of babies in areas of the world where increasing numbers of premature babies are *** sources The data used in this review were mainly from Medline and PubMed published in english. The search term was ＂retinopathy of prematurity and premature birth＂.Study selection We discuss the historical perspectives, prevalence and incidence, classification and treatment methods of ROP in premature *** Peripheral retinal ablation for eyes with severe ROP can help prevent progression to blindness and several large clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of this treatment in high risk eyes. As a greater proportion of VLBW and eLBW babies survive, the population of babies at risk increases. In various regions of the world, different identification criteria are used to determine which babies are at risk of blindness in order to provide timely diagnostic examinations and treatment as needed. Methods for preventiing ROP include better ante-natal and obstetric care leading to a reduction in the rate of prematurity, the use of ante-natal corticosteroids, and better neonatal care practices. Recent developments have indicated that management of oxygen supplementation is important for the prevention of severe ROP; however,there is not yet known what oxygen saturation target should be adopted. Sepsis increases severe ROP in very preterm infants. Genetic associations and a telemedicine approach may be explored to detect ROP. Treatment of anti-VeGF therapy are potentially useful in eyes with severe ROP, but long term effects are not yet known and such treatment should be used with great *** ROP is a potentially binding disease for premature babies which is becoming more prevalent with the development improving neonatal services in many countries in recent years. High priority should be p

关键词： retinopathy of prematurity premature birth blindness childhood

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Collection,curation and the use of humidification to restore nest shape in a research museum bird nest collection

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Avian Research 2021年第3期12卷 399-411页

作者： Tonya M.Haff Natalie Tees Kathryn Wood e.Margaret Cawsey Leo Joseph clare e.Holleley Australian National Wildlife Collection National Research Collections AustraliaCSIROGPO Box 1700CanberraACT 2601Australia

Background:Bird nests are an important part of avian *** are a powerful tool for studying not only the birds that built them,but a wide array of topics ranging from parasitology,urbanisation and climate change to *** this,bird nests tend to be underrepresented in natural history collections,a problem that should be redressed through renewed focus by collecting ***:Here we outline the history and current best practice collection and curatorial methods for the nest col-lection of the Australian National Wildlife Collection(ANWC).We also describe an experiment conducted on nests in the ANWC using ultrasonic humidification to restore the shape of nests damaged by inappropriate ***:The experiment showed that damaged nests can be successfully reshaped to close to their original ***,restored nests were significantly closer to their original shape than they were prior to ***,even nests damaged by years of neglect may be fully incorporated into active research *** practice techniques include extensive note taking and photography in the field,subsampling of nests that cannot or should not be collected,appropriate field storage,metadata management,and prompt treatment upon arrival at the collec-tion ***:Renewed focus on nest collections should include appropriate care and restoration of current col-lections,as well as expansion to redress past *** could include collaboration with researchers studying or monitoring avian nesting ecology,and nest collection after use in bird species that rebuild anew each nesting *** expansion of museum nest collections will allow researchers and natural history collections to fully realise the scientific potential of these complex and beautiful specimens.

关键词： Best practice Bird Curation Nest Nest shape Natural history collection Humidification Object restoration Preservation

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Responding to the weather:energy budgeting by a small mammal in the wild

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 15-20页

作者： Taylor HUMe Fritz GeISeR Shannon e.CURRIe Gerhard KORTNeR clare STAWSKI Centre for Behavioural and Physiological ecology ZoologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str.17Berlin10315Germany Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim7491Norway

energy conservation is paramount for small mammals because of their small size,large surface area to volume ratio,and the resultant high heat loss to the *** survive on limited food resources and to fuel their expensive metabolism during activity,many small mammals employ daily torpor to reduce energy expenditure during the rest *** hypothesized that a small terrestrial semelparous marsupial,the brown antechinus Antechinus stuartii,would maximize activity when foraging conditions were favorable to gain fat reserves before their intense breeding period,but would increase torpor use when conditions were poor to conserve these fat *** antechinus were trapped and implanted with small temperature-sensitive radio transmitters to record body temperature and to quantify torpor expression and activity patterns in the *** antechinus used torpor at least once per day over the entire study *** daily torpor use increased and mean daily body temperature decreased significantly with a reduction in minimum ambient ***,antechinus employed less torpor on days with more rain and decreasing barometric *** contrast to torpor expression,activity was directly related to ambient temperature and inversely related to barometric *** results reveal that antechinus use a flexible combination of physiology and behavior that can be adjusted to manage their energy budget according to weather variables.

关键词： antechinus heterothermy marsupial semelparous temperature torpor

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Perinatal and early life risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第6期17卷 743-749页

作者： Stephen e Roberts clare J Wotton John G Williams Myfanwy Griffith Michael J Goldacre College of Medicine Swansea University Unit of Health-Care epidemiology Department of Public HealthUniversity of Oxford

AIM:To investigate associations between perinatal risk factors and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children and young ***:Record linked abstracts of birth registrations,maternity,day case and inpatient admissions in a defined population of southern *** of 20 perinatal factors relating to the maternity or the birth:maternal age,Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) in the mother,maternal social class,marital status,smoking in pregnancy,ABO blood group and rhesus status,pre-eclampsia,parity,the infant's presentation at birth,caesarean delivery,forceps delivery,sex,number of babies delivered,gestational age,birthweight,head circumference,breastfeeding and Apgar scores at one and five ***:Maternity records were present for 180 children who subsequently developed *** analysis showed increased risks of CD among children of mothers with CD (P=0.011,based on two cases of CD in both mother and child) and children of mothers who smoked during *** analysis confirmed increased risks of CD among children of mothers who smoked (odds ratio=2.04,95% CI=1.06-3.92) and for older mothers aged 35+ years (4.81,2.32-9.98).Multivariate analysis showed that there were no significant associations between CD and 17 other perinatal risk factors *** also showed that,for UC,there were no significant associations with the perinatal factors ***:This study shows an association between CD in mother and child;and elevated risks of CD in children of older mothers and of mothers who smoked.

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎危险因素围产期炎症多变量分析生活早期怀孕期间

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