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Transanal endoscopic surgery in rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11538-11545页

作者： Xavier Serra-Aracil Laura mora-Lopez manel Alcantara-moral Aleidis Caro-Tarrago Carlos Javier gomez-Diaz Salvador Navarro-Soto Coloproctology Unit General and Digestive Surgery Service Parc Tauli University Hospital Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08208 Sabadell (Barcelona) Spain

Total mesorectal excision(TmE) is the standard treatment for rectal cancer, but complications are frequent and rates of morbidity, mortality and genitourinary alterations are high. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEm) allows preservation of the anal sphincters and, via its vision system through a rectoscope, allows access to rectal tumors located as far as 20 cm from the anal verge. The capacity of local surgery to cure rectal cancer depends on the risk of lymph node invasion. This means that correct preoperative staging of the rectal tumor is necessary. Currently, local surgery is indicated for rectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas invading the submucosa, but not beyond(T1). Here we describe the standard technique for TEm, the different types of equipment used, and the technical limitations of this approach. TEm to remove rectal adenoma should be performed in the same way as if the lesion were an adenocarcinoma, due to the high percentageof infiltrating adenocarcinomas in these lesions. In spite of the generally good results with T1, some authors have published surprisingly high recurrence rates; this is due to the existence of two types of lesions, tumors with good and poor prognosis, divided according to histological and surgical factors. The standard treatment for rectal adenocarcinoma T2N0m0 is TmE without adjuvant therapy. In this type of adenocarcinoma, local surgery obtains the best results when complete pathological response has been achieved with previous chemoradiotherapy. The results with chemoradiotherapy and TEm are encouraging, but the scientific evidence remains limited at present.

关键词： Rectal cancer Rectal adenocarcinoma Transanal endoscopic microsurgery Transanal endo-scopic surgery Colorectal cancer

mid and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

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Journal of mountain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： Jose m.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasmina SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROmERA Penelope GONZALEZ-SAmPERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA Jose ARNAEZ Paz COBA-PEREZ Amelia gomez-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-mARTINEZ Noemi LANA-RENAULT Estela PEREZ-CARDIEL Carlos LOPEZ DE CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico Departamento de Geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain Departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain Department of Geography and Land management University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenomenon, although for most mountain areas the timing of deforestation has not been determined. The presence of charcoal fragments in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión mountains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern massifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, Demanda, Neila, and Cebollera massifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached almost the highest divides(at approximately 2100–2200 m a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transformation of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and middle Ages. Forest clearing was probably moderate during fires prior to the middle Ages, as the small size of the sheep herds and the local character of the markets only required small clearings, and therefore more limited fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the management of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the middle and modern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected most of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhumance, as occurred in other mountains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Roman Period cannot be ruled out, the most extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from the middle Ages until recent times.

关键词： Forest fires Holocene Subalpinegrasslands Shallow landslides Landscape changes Iberian Range

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LC–mS characterization, anti-kinetoplastide and cytotoxic activities of natural products from Eugenia jambolana Lam. and Eugenia uniflora

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第9期7卷 836-841页

作者： Celestina Elba Sobral de Souza Ana Raquel Pereira da Silva Janaina Esmeraldo Rocha maria Celeste Vega gomez míriam Rolóm Cathia Coronel José Galberto martins da Costa manoel L.C.Netto Larissa A.Rolim Henrique Douglas melo Coutinho Laboratório de microbiologia e Biologia molecular Universidade Regional do Cariri Center for the Development of Scientific Research Moisés Bertoni Foundation/Díaz Gill Laboratories Laboratório de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais Universidade Regional do Cariri Centro Universitário Dr.Leao Sampaio–UNILEAO Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco–UNIVASF

Objective: To evaluate the trypanocidal, leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of Eugenia jambolana(E. jambolana) and Eugenia uniflora(E. uniflora) extracts and ***: The products were characterized by LC–mS. Antiparasitic assays were performed and cytotoxicity was evaluated in fibroblastos. In vitro assays were performed using spectrophotometric evaluation. All assays were performed in ***: The results showed that the extracts and the tannic fraction from E. jambolana inhibited 100% of the epimastigote lines. The ethanolic extract was the most efficient in all concentrations tested against the three parasite strains. In the cytotoxicity assay the flavonoid fraction showed low toxicity. All E. uniflora samples showed cytotoxicity at the highest concentration tested, but the extract showed no toxic effect on the fibroblasts at the lowest concentration. The flavonoid and tannic fractions were more efficient against Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes compared to the extract. However, the extracts and the tannic fraction were more effective against Leishmania infantum strains. The effect on epimastigote cells was observed at all concentrations tested, with all E. uniflora samples. However, the samples were more effective at the highest concentration, where there was inhibition in 100% of the Trypanosoma cruzi ***: The species E. jambolana and E. uniflora presented antiparasitic activity against all tested parasite strains, indicating that these species can serve as an alternative therapy as they were efficient in the tests performed. The E. uniflora extract and the E. jambolana flavonoid fraction presented a low cytotoxicity, opening the floor for new biological studies.

关键词： Antiparasitic effect Cytotoxicity Eugenia jambolana Eugenia uniflora

A CFD study of the transport and fate of airborne droplets in a ventilated office:The role of droplet−droplet interactions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第3期16卷 49-62页

作者： Allan gomez-Flores Gukhwa Hwang Sadia Ilyas Hyunjung Kim Department of Environment and Energy Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju Jeonbuk 54896Republic of Korea Department of mineral Resources and Energy Engineering Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju Jeonbuk 54896Republic of Korea

Previous studies reported that specially designed ventilation systems provide good air quality and safe environment by removing airborne droplets that contain viruses expelled by infected *** water droplets can be stable in the environment and remain suspended in air for prolonged *** between droplets may occur and droplet interactions should be ***,the previous studies focused on other physical phenomena(air flow,drag force,evaporation)for droplet transport and neglected droplet *** this work,we used computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to simulate the transport and fate of airborne droplets expelled by an asymptomatic person and considered droplet *** drag with turbulence for prediction of transport and fate of droplets indicated that the turbulence increased the transport of 1μm droplets,whereas it decreased the transport of 50μm *** contrast to only considering drag and turbulence,consideration of droplet interactions tended to increase both the transport and *** the length scale of the office is much larger than the droplet sizes,the droplet interactions,which occurred at the initial stages of release when droplet separation distances were shorter,had a significant effect in droplet fate by considerably manipulating the final locations on surfaces where droplets ***,it is proposed that when an exact prediction of transport and fate is required,especially for high droplet concentrations,the effects of droplet interactions should not be ignored.

关键词： Droplet interactions Aerosols Colloids CFD Transport Fate

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Adaptive Thermal Comfort for Occupants of Low-Cost Dwellings in a Hot Dry Climate

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第3期6卷 356-363页

作者： Irene marincic J. manuel Ochoa m. Guadalupe Alpuche Gabriel gomez-Azpeitia Department of Architecture and Design University of Sonora Hermosillo 83000 Mexico Facuhy of Architecture and Design University of Colima Colima 28400 Mexico

Adaptive models are based on the observation that there are some actions that people can and actually do take to achieve thermal comfort. Studies regarding thermal comfort conditions in economical dwellings were carried out simultaneously in seven mexican cities, corresponding to warm dry and warm humid climates. In this article, case studies of low-cost dwellings in the city of Hermosillo （in northwest mexico）, are presented and analyzed. Field surveys were carried out to obtain information about the physical characteristics of the dwellings and their occupants, as well as the indoor thermal environment. Neutral temperature was obtained from the applied survey. The high neutral temperature reveals the effect of inhabitants＇ adaptation mechanism to extreme climates. Occupant comfort votes as a function of indoor air temperatures were analyzed, and different characteristics such as age, size and gender were evaluated separately. The results show the variability of the neutral temperature and the tolerance to temperature changes, depending on the population＇s specific characteristics. In many cases where the population does not have access to artificial acclimatization devices, the neutral temperature values for specific climates and people can inform architects when choosing the most suitable thermal strategies for building design.

关键词： Adaptive comfort low-cost dwelling hot dry climate.

Identification of ompL1 and lipL32 Genes to Diagnosis of Pathogenic Leptospiraspp. Isolated from Cattle

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Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2014年第5期4卷 102-112页

作者： Hernández-Rodríguez Patricia gomez Ramirez Arlen Baquero mónica Quintero Gladys Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Veterinary Medicine Program Universidad de la Salle Bogotá Colombia Health Research Center—CISVI Bogotá Colombia molecular Biology and Immunogenetics Research Group—BIOmIGEN Bogotá Colombia

Diagnosis of leptospirosis in Colombia is based on clinical history and serological testing. However, disease symptoms are nonspecific and there is no uniform criteria regarding the qualifications considered positive. Therefore, it is important to identify and characterize genes associated with pathogenicity in native strains for the development of new diagnostic tests and vaccine production. The aim of this study was to identify the ompL1 and lipL32 genes in Leptospira strains isolated from urine samples of cattle. Sixteen strains were obtained from urine samples and, DNA was isolated to perform two Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests which identified lipL32 and ompL1 genes. As positive control, a reference strain of L. interrogans was used. L. biflexa and Escherichia coli strains were used as a negative control. In 100% of the samples were identified amplicons of 960 bp and 423 bp corresponding to ompL1 and lipL32 genes respectively. Thus, the pathogenic property and conservation of genes in the isolated strains were confirmed. This study is presented as a contribution to the diagnosis of leptospirosis to use these genes as molecular markers of infection. The results of this study might provide clues for future clinical, epidemiological and molecular research leading to implement new diagnostic strategies and to expand knowledge of the pathophysiology of a disease of public health impact on human and animal.

关键词： Leptospirosis PCR ompL1 lipL32

First assessment of Li_(2)O–Bi_（2）O_（3） ceramic oxides for high temperature carbon dioxide capture

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第5期25卷 754-760页

作者： E.m.Briz-Lopez m.J.Ramirez-moreno I.C.Romero-Ibarra C.gomez-Yanez H.Pfeiffer J.Ortiz-Landeros Departamento de Ingenieria en metalurgia y materiales Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Quimica e Industrias ExtractivasIPNUPALMAv. Instituto Politecnico Nacional s/n，CP 07738 Mexico DF Mexico Instituto de Investigaciones en materiales Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCircuito exterior s/nCd Universitaria Del. Coyoacan CP 04510Mexico DF Mexico Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingenieria y Tecnologias Avanzadas IPNAv. Instituto Politecnico Nacional No. 2580 CP 07340 Mexico DE Mexico

The capacity to capture CO_2 was determined in several stoichiometric compositions in the Li_2O–Bi_2O_3 system. The compounds(Li_7BiO_6, Li_5BiO_5, Li_3BiO_4 and LiBiO_2 phases) were synthesized via solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorption *** samples were heat-treated at temperatures from 40 to 750 °C under the CO_2 atmosphere to evaluate the carbonate formation, which is indicative of the capacity of CO_2 capture. moreover, Li_7BiO_6 shows an excellent CO_2 capture capacity of 7.1 mmol/g, which is considerably higher than those of other previously reported ceramics. Li_7BiO_6 is able to react with CO_2 from 240 °C to approximately 660 °C showing a high kinetic reaction even at CO_2 partial pressure values as low as 0.05.

关键词： CO2捕获 LI7BIO6 铋酸锂热分析

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大麻酚类受体-1在脊髓、背角、背根神经节和周围神经的分布(英文)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 1999年第12期20卷 61-66页

作者： m clara.SANUDO-PENA,Nicole m STRANGmAN,Ken mACKIE,J mchael WALKER,TSOU Kang The Alan m Schrier Research Laboratory Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience Brown University Providence Rhode Island 02912 The Alan m Schrier Research Laboratory Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience Brown University Providence Rhode Island 02912 Department of Anesthesiology University of Washington School of medicine Seattle WA 98195-6540 USA The Alan m Schrier Research Laboratory Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience Brown University Providence Rhode Island 02912 The Alan m Schrier Research Laboratory Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience Brown University Providence Rhode Island 02912

AIm: The localization of CB1 receptors in the spinalcord, spinal roots, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), andperipheral nerve of the rat was ***: We studied the distribution of CB1cannabinoid receptors by immunohistochemistry usingan antibody raised against the N-termina1 of thereceptor. RESULTS: The spinal cord showednumerous transverse fibers labelled for CB1 receptorsthroughout and concentrated in the dorsal ***-stained cells were observed throughout thespinal cord gray matter. The DRG also showed cellsand fibers labelled for CB1 receptors. Labelled fiberswere observed in both dorsal and ventral roots as well as

关键词：大麻酚类大麻酚类受体脊神经节脊神经根周围神经中枢性肌松弛药镇痛

Relationship of mTHFR gene polymorphisms with renal and cardiac disease

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World Journal of Nephrology 2015年第1期4卷 127-137页

作者： Francesca m Trovato Daniela Catalano Angela Ragusa G Fabio martines clara Pirri maria Antonietta Buccheri Concetta Di Nora Guglielmo m Trovato Department of Internal medicine University of Catania95100 CataniaItaly AOU Prenatal Diagnosis and medical Genetics University of Catania95100 CataniaItaly Internal and Emergency medicine Department University of Catania95100 CataniaItaly

AIm: To investigate the effects of different methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(mTHFR) 677C>T gene polymorphism and hyperhomocysteinemia for the development of renal failure and cardiovascular events, which are ***: We challenged the relationship, if any, of mTHFR 677C>T and mTHFR 1298A>C polymorphisms with renal and heart function. The present article is a reappraisal of these concepts, investigating within a larger population, and including a subgroup of dialysis patients, if the two most common mTHFR polymorphisms, C677 T and A1298 C, as homozygous, heterozygous or with a compound heterozygous state, show different association with chronic renal failure requiring hemodialysis. mTHFR polymorphism could be a favorable evolutionary factor, i.e., a protective factor for many ominous conditions, like cancer and renal failure. A similar finding was reported in fatty liver disease in which it is suggested that mTHFR polymorphisms could have maintained and maintain their persistence by an heterozygosis advantage mechanism. We studied a total of 630 Italian Caucasian subject aged 54.60 ± 16.35 years, addressing to the increased hazard of hemodialysis, if any, according to the studied mTHFR genetic polymorphisms. RESULTS: A favorable association with normal renal function of mTHFR polymorphisms, and notably of mTHFR C677 T is present independently of the negative effects of left ventricular hypertrophy, increased IntraRenal arterial Resistance and hyperparathyroidism. CONCLUSION: mTHFR gene polymorphisms could have a protective role on renal function as suggested by their lower frequency among our dialysis patients in end-stage renal failure; differently, the association with left ventricular hypertrophy and reduced left ventricular relaxation suggest some type of indirect, or concurrent mechanism.

关键词： Homocysteine Glomerular filtration rate Renal function mediterranean diet Genetic methyle-netetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism Insulinresistance Obesity Left ventricular hypertrophy Echo-cardiography