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Cost of treatment support for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis using patient-centred approaches in Ethiopia: a model-based method

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 54-62页

作者： Laura Rosu Lucy morgan Ewan M.Tomeny claire Worthington Mengdi Jin Jasper Nidoi David Worthington Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke PlaceLiverpoolL35QAUK Management Science Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Makerere University Lung Institute KampalaUganda

Background Patient and health system costs for treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remain high even after treatment duration was shortened. Many patients do not finish treatment, contributing to increased transmission and antimicrobial resistance. A restructure of health services, that is more patient-centred has the potential to reduce costs and increase trust and patient satisfaction. The aim of the study is to investigate how costs would change in the delivery of MDR-TB care in Ethiopia under patient-centred and hybrid approaches compared to the current *** We used published data, collected from 2017 to 2020 as part of the Standard Treatment Regimen of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs for Patients with MDR-TB (STREAM) trial, to populate a discrete event simulation (DES) model. The model was developed to represent the key characteristics of patients’ clinical pathways following each of the three treatment delivery strategies. To the pathways of 1000 patients generated by the DES model we applied relevant patient cost data derived from the STREAM trial. Costs are calculated for treating patients using a 9-month MDR-TB treatment and are presented in 2021 United States dollars (USD).Results The patient-centred and hybrid strategies are less costly than the standard-of-care, from both a health system (by USD 219 for patient-centred and USD 276 for the hybrid strategy) and patient perspective when patients do not have a guardian (by USD 389 for patient-centred and USD 152 for the hybrid strategy). Changes in indirect costs, staff costs, transport costs, inpatient stay costs or changes in directly-observed-treatment frequency or hospitalisation duration for standard-of-care did not change our *** Our findings show that patient-centred and hybrid strategies for delivering MDR-TB treatment cost less than standard-of-care and provide critical evidence that there is scope for such strategies to be implemented in routine care. These

关键词： Affordability Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis Directly-observed treatment Patient-centred approach Tuberculosis treatment delivery

Increased ARF6 activation correlates with HGF stimulation in non-invasive prostate cancer cells

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2018年第1期4卷 535-547页

作者： claire morgan Lucy J.Swithenbank Helen Whiteland Shareen H.Doak Swansea University Medical School Institute of Life ScienceSwansea UniversitySwansea SA28PPUK

Aim:The effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)on a non-invasive prostate cancer cell line(CAHPV-10),expressing cMET were studied,to mimic the possible effects neo-adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy may have in promoting tumour ***:Prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells derived from cancer metastatic sites were analysed using cell culture assays,immunofluorescence,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting,with or without HGF ***:HGF significantly enhanced cell proliferation and induced cell scattering and invasion in CAHPV-10 cells compared to untreated *** adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6(ARF6)was found to be present in all metastatic prostate cancer cells,with levels highest in the most aggressive cell line,*** stimulation with HGF,active ARF6 expression was substantially elevated in CAHPV-10 ***:These findings provide further molecular insight into the progression of prostate cancer and highlights potential issues for early prostate cancer therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Prostate cancer adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6 hepatocyte growth factor stimulation androgen

澳大利亚国家美术馆唐逊现代中国木刻版画收藏初探

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美术学报 2024年第3期 4-10页

作者： [澳]罗清奇贺旺(译) 墨尔本大学中央美术学院人文学院

唐逊(Peter Townsend)是20世纪下半叶英国艺术界的重要人物之一,但鲜为人知的是,他于1941年至1951年间在中国生活与工作。期间他受周恩来的影响,对中国木刻艺术产生了兴趣,随之收藏了逾250件木刻版画作品,这些作品现收藏于澳大利亚国家... 详细信息

唐逊(Peter Townsend)是20世纪下半叶英国艺术界的重要人物之一,但鲜为人知的是,他于1941年至1951年间在中国生活与工作。期间他受周恩来的影响,对中国木刻艺术产生了兴趣,随之收藏了逾250件木刻版画作品,这些作品现收藏于澳大利亚国家美术馆。本文通过研究唐逊在中国的收藏历程以及唐逊与澳大利亚的关系,不仅揭示了唐逊木刻版画收藏的多重重要性,还为中国木刻艺术研究提供了一个海外视角。

关键词：唐逊木刻版画澳大利亚国家美术馆

Mechanisms and treatment strategies of demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1931-1939页

作者： Nadège Hertzog claire Jacob Faculty of Biology Institute of Developmental Biology and NeurobiologyJohannes Gutenberg University MainzHanns-Dieter-Hüsch-WegMainzGermany

Schwann cells,the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system,wrap axons multiple times to build their myelin *** is of paramount importance for axonal integrity and fast axon potential ***,myelin is lacking or dysfunctional in several neuropathies including demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-M arie-To oth ***-Marie-To oth disease represents the most prevalent inherited neuropathy in humans and is classified either as axonal,demyelinating or dysmyelinating,or as *** demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease constitute the majority of the disease cases and are most frequently due to mutations in the three following myelin genes:peripheral myelin protein 22,myelin protein ze ro and gap junction beta 1(coding for Connexin 32) causing Charcot-M arie-Tooth disease type 1A,Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B,and X-linked Charcot-M arie-Tooth disease type 1,*** resulting perturbation of myelin structure and function leads to axonal demyelination or dysmyelination and causes severe disabilities in affected *** treatment to cure or slow down the disease progression is currently available on the market,howeve r,scientific discoveries led to a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of the disease and to potential treatment *** this review,we describe the features and molecular mechanisms of the three main demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease,the rodent models used in research,and the emerging therapeutic approaches to cure or counteract the progression of the disease.

关键词： Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease rodent models emerging treatments demyelination and dysmyelination endoplasmic reticulum stress gene therapy myelin repair Schwann cells unfolded protein response

Contributions of Trimorphic Life Cycles to Dispersal and Evolutionary Trends in Large Benthic Foraminifers

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1425-1433页

作者： Pamela Hallock claire E.Reymond College of Marine Science University of South FloridaSt.PetersburgFL33701USA School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Geosciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

The basic life cycle of Foraminifera has long been recognized as alternation between sexual and asexual generations;a common modification is several successive asexual *** and release of flagellated gametes also has been documented as the basic sexual-reproductive mode in extant *** on population dynamics,local spatial distributions,and biogeography of Amphistegina *** Heterostegina depressa have been augmented by culture studies over the past 50years,providing insights that have been widely used in paleoecological and paleoenvironmental *** are proposed suggesting how stages in the life cycle might contribute to understanding biogeographic and evolutionary trends commonly observed in large benthic *** of sexually-produced cryptobiotic propagules,followed by successive asexual generations(schizogeny),can potentially establish viable,locally-adapted populations within literally years,consistent with the concepts of both allopatric speciation and reticulate evolution associated with isolation and reconnection of local *** review concludes with the recommendation that future studies utilizing genomics,proteonomics,geochemistries,scanning technologies,and other approaches can promote greater understanding of both modern and fossil larger benthic foraminiferal lineages.

关键词： Amphistegina coiling ratio diatom symbionts Heterostegina depressa propagule schizogeny life cycle

Click chemistry in the design of AIEgens for biosensing and bioimaging

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聚集体(英文)

聚集体(英文) 2023年第4期4卷 71-92页

作者： Marie-claire Giel Yuning Hong Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

The development of rapid,selective,and sensitivefluorescent sensors is essential for visualizing and quantifying biological molecules and processes in vitro,ex vitro,and in vivo,which is important for not only fundamental biological studies but the accurate diagnosis of *** emergingfield of activity-based sensing(ABS),a sensing method that utilizes molecular reactivity for analyte detection possesses many advantages including high specificity,sensitivity and *** aggrega-tion caused quenching phenomenon which occurs in most conventionalfluorophores results in reduced labeling efficiency of the target analytes and low photobleaching resistance,therefore limiting the applications of the ABS *** contrast,aggre-gation induced emission(AIE)active luminogens(AIEgens)provide exceptional molecular frameworks for *** the many reaction classes utilized in the AIEgen ABS approach,click chemistry has become increasing *** this review,the sensing concepts of the ABS approach with AIEgens and the principles of click chemistry are discussed,followed by a systematic summary of the application of specific click chemistry reactions in AIEgen ABS protocols for the detection of an array of target ***,the utility of click chemistry in the construction of AIEgens for bioimaging will also be showcased throughout the review.

关键词： activity-based sensing aggregation induced emission bioconjugation chemistry click chemistry

Stable Adult Growth but Reduced Asexual Fecundity in Marginopora vertebralis,under Global Climate Change Scenarios

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1400-1410页

作者： claire E.Reymond Frances Patel Sven Uthicke School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Geosciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Australian Institute of Marine Science Townsville MCQld4810Australia

Large benthic foraminifera are an integral component of shallow-water tropical habitats and like many marine calcifiers,are susceptible to ocean acidification(OA)and ocean warming(OW).In particular,the prolific Symbiodiniaceae-bearing and high-magnesium calcite Marginopora vertebralis has a low threshold compared to several diatom-bearing and low-magnesium calcite *** this multi-year mesocosm experiment,we tested three RPC 8.5 climate change scenarios(i)present day,(ii)the year 2050,and(iii)*** enable a realistic epiphytic association,these experiments were uniquely conducted using natural carbonate substrate,living calcifying alga,and *** contrast to previous studies,we detected no reduction in surface-area growth under future climate conditions compared with present day *** terms of calcification,***’epiphytic association to primary producers(i.e.,calcifying algae and seagrasses)potentially ameliorates the effects of OA by buffering against declines in boundary layer pH during periods of photosynthesis(i.e.,CO_(2)removal).Importantly for population maintenance,we observed a strong reduction in asexual fecundity under the 2100 *** propose the additional energy needed to maintain growth might be one reason for drastically reduced asexual *** alternative explanation could be that the 2℃temperature increase interfered with the environmental synchronization that triggered asexual multiple *** conclude that the low levels of reproduction will reduce populations in a high CO_(2)environment and reduce a valuable source of CaCO_(3) sediment production.

关键词： mesocosm experiment ocean acidification ocean warming large benthic foraminifera carbonate production tropical reef asexual reproduction climate change

Adversarial Neural Network Classifiers for COVID-19 Diagnosis in Ultrasound Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1683-1697页

作者： Mohamed Esmail Karar Marwa Ahmed Shouman claire Chalopin Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering(FEE)Menoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Computer Engineering and Networks College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra UniversityShaqra11961Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering(FEE)Menoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Innovation Center for Computer Assisted Surgery(ICCAS) Universit鋞LeipzigLeipzig04103Germany

The novel Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has begun in China and is still affecting thousands of patient livesworldwide *** X-ray and Computed Tomography are the gold standardmedical imaging modalities for diagnosing potentially infected COVID-19 cases,applying Ultrasound(US)imaging technique to accomplish this crucial diagnosing task has attracted many physicians *** this article,we propose two modified deep learning classifiers to identify COVID-19 and pneumonia diseases in US images,based on generative adversarial neural networks(GANs).The proposed image classifiers are a semi-supervised GAN and a modifiedGANwith auxiliary *** one includes a modified discriminator to identify the class of the US image using semi-supervised learning technique,keeping its main function of defining the“realness”of tested *** tests have been successfully conducted on public dataset of US images acquired with a convex US *** study demonstrated the feasibility of using chest US images with two GAN classifiers as a new radiological tool for clinical check of COVID-19 *** results of our proposed GAN models showed that high accuracy values above 91.0%were obtained under different sizes of limited training data,outperforming other deep learning-based methods,such as transfer learning models in the recent ***,the clinical implementation of our computer-aided diagnosis of US-COVID-19 is the future work of this study.

关键词： COVID-19 medical imaging machine learning applications adversarial neural networks ultrasound

Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 56:what a mouse can tell-a narrative review

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Journal of Bio-X Research 2022年第2期5卷 55-63页

作者： Livia Parodi claire Pujol Sorbonne Université Paris Brain Institute(ICM Institut du Cerveau)INSERMCNRSAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris(AP-HP)Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital Institut Pasteur UMR3691 CNRSUniversitéde Paris75015 ParisFrance

Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 56(SPG56-HSP)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by loss of function mutations in CYP2U1,leading to an early-onset limbs spasticity,often complicated by additional neurological or extra-neurological *** its low prevalence,the molecular bases underlying SPG56-HSP are still poorly understood,and effective treatment options are still ***,through the generation and characterization of the SPG56-HSP mouse model,we were able to take few important steps forward in expanding our knowledge of the molecular background underlying this complex *** the Cyp2u1-/-mouse model we were able to identify several new diagnostics biomarkers(vitamin B2,coenzyme Q,neopterin,and interferon-alpha),as well as to highlight the key role played by the folate pathway in SPG56-HSP pathogenesis,providing a potential treatment *** this review,we discuss the major role played by the Cyp2u1-/-model in dissecting clinical and biological aspects of the disease,opening the way to a series of new research paths ranging from clinical trials,biomarker testing,and to the expansion of the underlying genetic and molecular,emphasizing how basic mouse model characterization could contribute to advance research in the context of rare disorders.

关键词： folate hereditary spastic paraplegia mitochondria mouse model neurological diseases