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Future needs for informed consent in stem cell clinical trials in neurodegenerative diseases

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neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 83-85页

作者： natalie Hellmers Yaa Obeng-Aduasare Inmaculada de Melo-Martín claire Henchcliffe Weill Cornell Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Institute Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical College Division of Medical Ethics Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College

Translation of recent advances in stem cell research into clinical trials for restorative therapies for human disease is accelerating dramatically,with a strong focus upon neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson... 详细信息

关键词： consent informed amyotrophic restorative Huntington likely advances accelerating comprehension intracerebral

Local Persistence of Large Benthic Foraminifera(LBF)under Increasing Urban Development:A Case Study from Zanzibar(Unguja),East Africa

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1434-1450页

作者： Gita R.narayan natalia Herrán claire E.Reymond Yohanna W.Shaghude Hildegard Westphal Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research(ZMT) BremenGermany Department of Geosciences Bremen UniversityBremenGermany Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research(IOW) 18119RostockGermany School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Geosciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Institute of Marine Sciences(IMS) The University of Dar es SalaamZanzibarTanzania King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) ThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Coastal marine management is vital for socio-ecological sustainability of developing,tropical ecosystems,which calls for diverse tools to monitor and assess water *** carbonatedominated habitats off Zanzibar were chosen for study due to potential water quality degradation in a rapidly developing tourist destination heavily reliant on its coral *** reefs are largely unmonitored and subject to local and global stressors.A widely used method for assessing reef health,as an early detection method of ecological changes,is the application of large benthic foraminiferal bioindicators,i.e.,the Fo RAM *** expected to find poor water quality conditions in the unmanaged reefs supported by stress-toelerant(opportunistic)foraminiferal *** dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate values derived from untreated sewage effluent from Stone Town were highly variable(ranging 0.05–3.77 and 0.05–1.45μM,respectively),moderate,and occasionally approached or exceeded critical threshold values for oligotrophic *** analysis of total assemblages indicated an abundance of symbiont-bearing large benthic foraminifera,dominated by prolific Amphistegina species,comparatively low-moderate diversity,high FI values(7.6 on average),and high coral cover.A water quality gradient was reflected by subtle assemblage differences,suggesting that LBF can provide early warning signals of benthic changes,indicating the importance of long-term monitoring programs in vulnerable,rapidly developing coastal ecosystems exposed to increasing pressures.

关键词： carbonate coral reef bioindicator Fo RAM Index nutrients sewage effluent Western Indian Ocean coastal development coastal marine management

Amalgamated gold-nanoalloys with enhanced catalytic activity for the detection of mercury ions(Hg^2+)in seawater samples

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nano Research 2020年第4期13卷 989-998页

作者： natasha Logan claire McVey Christopher Elliott Cuong Cao Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological SciencesQueens University Belfast19 Chlorine GardensBelfastBT95DLUK Material and Advanced Technologies for Healthcare Queens University Belfast18-30 Malone RoadBelfastBT95BNUK

Mercury(Hg)is extremely toxic,and continues to cause major threats to aquatic life,human health and the ***^2+mainly derives from seawater as a product of atmospheric deposition,therefore there is great demand for sensing approaches that can detect Hg^2+in seawater ***,we demonstrate that the peroxidase-mimicking activity of gold nanoparticles(AunPs)or so-called nanozymes,can be exploited for the detection of Hg^2+ions in various water *** a high electrolyte environment,the catalytic activity for the oxidation of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)was significantly diminished due to poor stability of the *** activity was reduced by-73.7%when the naCl concentration was higher than 1.168%,which is much lower than that of seawater(-3.5%),thus presenting its unsuitability for detecting Hg^2+in harsh water *** overcome this limitation,AunPs were first functionalized with oligo-ethylene glycol(OEG),of which their colloidal form presented high stability in naCl concentrations up to 20%and across a wide range of pHs from ***,the catalytic activity of OEG-AunPs for the oxidation of TMB was strongly suppressed by the coating,but enhanced upon formation of Au-Hg *** novel finding underlies a straightforward,sensitive,and highly selective detection platform for Hg^2+in water *** approach could detect the exposure limit level for Hg^2+in drinking water(i.e.,2 ppb for tap and bottled water)as set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and the World Health Organization(WHO).When Hg^2+was spiked into a 3.5%saline solution and a coastal seawater certified reference material(CRM),the detection limits were found to be 10 ancM 3 ppb,respectively,which exceed the Hg^2+concentrations commonly found within seawater(-60-80 ppb).The whole procedure takes less than 45 min to conduct,providing a highly innovative,rapid and low-cost approach for detecting Hg^2+in complex water matrices.

关键词： gold nanoparticles nanozyme peroxidase-like mercury detection w ater samples seawater

Fe-doped olivine and char for in-bed elimination of gasification tars in an air-blown fluidised bed reactor coupled with oxidative hot gas filtration

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2022年第4期5卷 271-288页

作者： Miguel Ruiz Adam Schnitzer claire Courson Guillain Mauviel LRGP CNRSUniversity of LorraineENSIC1 Rue GrandvilleNancyFrance University of Lorraine LERMaBENSTIB27 Rue Philippe S´eguinPO Box 1041F-88051 EpinalFrance Institut of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and HealthICPEES–UMR 7515University of Strasbourg25 Rue Becquerel67087 StrasbourgFrance

Gasification experiments were carried out in a pilot scale fluid bed reactor operated under allothermal mode and low fluidisation regime with iron-doped olivine and char as catalyst for in-situ tar *** catalyst combination resulted in a reduction of 50%in the overall tar yield with respect to the reference ***,the integration of an oxidative Hot Gas Filtration unit downstream the gasification reactor led to a further reduction in overall tar yield and relatively clean gas was obtained(approx.1 g/nm3,benzene-free).The tar dew point of the resulting producer gas was estimated to 80℃,only 40℃ above the threshold value recommended for its valorisation in standard internal combustion ***,catalyst elutriation and char hold-up took place to a large extent inside the *** analysis of catalyst samples at different Time-On-Stream(TOS)revealed:(i)a considerable loss of iron oxides during the first hour of test because of the interparticle mechanical attrition(mostly surface abrasion)and partial reduction of hematite to magnetite and wustite but,stable composition at higher TOS,(ii)the loss of the iron oxide coverage of Fe/olivine particles and the formation of agglomerates with increasing TOS and,(iii)the amount of carbon deposited in the surface of the Fe/olivine particles increased with TOS,but in any case,these carbon deposits can be completely oxidized above 650℃.

关键词： Gasification Tar Oxidative hot gas filtration Char Iron-doped olivine

Associations between maternal vitamin D status and porcine litter characteristics throughout gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 806-813页

作者： claire Stenhouse Emma Hurst Richard J.Mellanby Cheryl J.Ashworth Functional Genetics and Development Division The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothian EH259RGUK Current Affiliation Department of Animal ScienceTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843‑2471USA Clinical Sciences Division The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothian EH259RGUK.

Emerging evidence suggests an important role of vitamin D in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy,and the regulation of foetal growth across mammalian ***,the temporal changes in maternal vitamin D sta-tus throughout gestation in the pig and the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and litter characteristics of interest across gestation remain poorly understood and *** abundance of 25(OH)D in maternal plasma was quantified by HPLC–MS/MS at gestational days(GD)18,30,45,60 and 90(n=5–11 gilts/GD).Maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentrations significantly increased between GD18 and GD30(Pnship between maternal vitamin D metabolite concentrations and litter characteristics of interest including gilt weight,ovulation rate,mean litter weight,number of live foetuses,percentage prenatal survival,and sex ratio of the litter was *** 25(OH)D(P=0.059)concentrations tended to be positively associated with percentage prenatal survival on *** GD90,maternal 25(OH)D(Pncentrations were inversely associated with gilt *** plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with the percentage of male foetuses in the litter on GD90(Pnovel insights into temporal changes in maternal vitamin D status throughout ges-tation and the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and the economically important litter characteristics of gilt weight,percentage prenatal survival and percentage of male foetuses in the *** the understanding of the role of vitamin D across important developmental timepoints in relation to foetal growth is essential to improve reproductive success in livestock species.

关键词： Porcine Pregnancy Vitamin D

The relationship between pain and associated characteristics of chronic ankle instability:A retrospective study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 96-101页

作者： Saeed Al Adal Martin Mackey Fereshteh Pourkazemi claire E.Hiller Faculty of Health Sciences University of SydneySydneyPO Box 170LidcombeNSW1825Australia Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Najran UniversityNajranPO Box 1988Saudi Arabia

Background'. Up to 74% of people with a history of ankle sprain develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). One commonly reported residualimpairment is ankle pain;however, it has not been included in models or inclusion criteria for CAL We investigated the prevalence of pain inpeople with CAI and the association between presence of pain and other CAI ***'. Retrospective data from 1147 participants with CAI (age 26.6 ± 10.7 years, 59% female) were collated from previous studies that usedthe Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool as an assessment tool. Pain was assessed from Item 1 of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool, whichasks participants about ankle pain. Responses were divided into 3 categories: pain during daily activities, pain during moderate/vigorous physicalactivities, and no pain. The presence of pain was analyzed with descriptive statistics, the correlation between pain category and CAI characteris・tics was analyzed by /2 tests and factors associated with each pain category were analyzed by logistic ***'. Among the participants, 60.1% (n = 689) reported ankle pain. Of all participants, 12.4% (n = 142) reported pain during daily activities,47.7% (n = 547) reported pain during moderate/vigorous physical activities, and 39.9% (n = 458) reported no pain. There was a strong associationbetween ankle instability and ankle pain (/2 = 122.2, p nfidence interval (CI): 3.84—7.53). Perceived ankle instability,age and unilateral ankle sprains were independently associated with pain (ankle instability: /2 = 43.29, p nilateral ankle sprains: /2 = 6.25, p no significant difference in the presence of pain between ***-. The prevalence of pain in people with CAI was high and was related to perceived ankle instability. number of sprains, age, genderand unilateral or bilateral sprain did not modify this result except for the first pain category (pain duri

关键词： Ankle impairments Ankle instability Ankle sprain CAIT Pain

Associations between testicular development and fetal size in the pig

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1340-1350页

作者： claire Stenhouse Yennifer Cortes-Araya F.Xavier Donadeu Cheryl J.Ashworth Functional Genetics and Development Division The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothianUK Department of Animal Science Texas A&M University440 Kleberg CenterCollege StationTX 77843-2471USA

Background:Impaired reproductive performance is the largest contributing factor for the removal of boars from commercial *** growth restricted piglets represent 25%of the total number of piglets born and have impaired reproductive *** study aimed to improve the understanding of temporal changes in testicular gene expression during testes development in fetuses of different *** lightest and closest to mean litter weight(CTMLW)male Large White×Landrace littermates were collected at gestational days(GD)45,60 and 90(n=5-6 litters/GD).Results:Testes weight and testes weight as a percentage of fetal weight were not associated with fetal size at GD60 or *** plasma testosterone was not associated with fetal size at *** was no association between fetal size and seminiferous tubule area and number,number of germ or Sertoli cells per *** lightest fetuses tended to have wider seminiferous tubules compared to the CTMLW fetuses at GD90(P=0.077).The testicular expression of KI67(P≤0.01)and BAX:BCL2 ratio(P=0.058)mRnAs decreased as gestation *** SPP1 mRnA expression was observed at GD60 when compared with GD45 and 90(P≤0.05).Lower expression of DMRT1 and SPP1(PnAs was observed in testes associated with the lightest fetuses compared to the CTMLW fetuses at ***:These findings provide novel insights into the expression profiles of genes associated with testicular development and ***,these data suggest that programming of reproductive potential in IUGR boars occurs late in gestation,providing a platform for further mechanistic investigation.

关键词： Fetal growth Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR) Porcine Pregnancy Testes

Coordinated AR and microRnA regulation in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2020年第3期7卷 233-250页

作者： Ieva Eringyte Joanna n.Zamarbide Losada Sue M.Powell Charlotte L.Bevan claire E.Fletcher Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College LondonHammersmith HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom

The androgen receptor(AR)remains a key driver of prostate cancer(PCa)progression,even in the advanced castrate-resistant stage,where testicular androgens are *** is therefore of critical importance to understand the molecular mechanisms governing its activity and regulation during prostate ***(miRs)are small w22 nt noncoding RnAs that regulate target gene,often through association with 30 untranslated regions(30UTRs)of *** display dysregulation during cancer progression,can function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors,and are increasingly recognised as targets or regulators of hormonal ***,understanding factors which modulate miRs synthesis is *** is increasing evidence for complex and dynamic bi-directional cross-talk between the multi-step miR biogenesis cascade and the AR signalling axis in *** review summarises the wealth of mechanisms by which miRs are regulated by AR,and conversely,how miRs impact AR’s transcriptional activity,including that of AR splice *** addition,we assess the implications of the convergence of these pathways on the clinical employment of miRs as PCa biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

关键词： MicroRnA Androgen receptor Androgen Prostate cancer Hormone non-coding RnA

Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase CPK21 Functions in Abiotic Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 83-96页

作者： Sandra Franz Britta Ehlert Anja Liese Joachim Kurth Anne-claire Cazale Tina Romeis Department of Plant Biochemistry Institute for Biology Freie Universitat Berlin Koenigin-Luise-Str. 12-16 14195 Berlin Germany Department of Plant Microbe Interactions Max-Planck-lnstil:ute for Plant Breeding Research Carl-von-Linne-Weg 10 50935 Cologne Germany Present address: Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM) UMR CNRS-INRA 25941441 31320 Castanet-Tolosan France

Calcium-dependent protein kinases （CDPKs） comprise a family of plant serine/threonine protein kinases in which the calcium sensing domain and the kinase effector domain are combined within one molecule. So far, a biological function in abiotic stress signaling has only been reported for few CDPK isoforms, whereas the underlying biochemical mechanism for these CDPKs is still mainly unknown. Here, we show that CPK21 from Arabidopsis thaliana is biochemically activated in vivo in response to hyperosmotic stress. Loss-of-function seedlings of cpk21 are more tolerant to hyperosmotic stress and mutant plants show increased stress responses with respect to marker gene expression and metabolite accumulation. In transgenic Arabidopsis complementation lines in the cpk21 mutant background, in which either CPK21 wildtype, or a full-length enzyme variant carrying an amino-acid substitution were stably expressed, stress responsitivity was restored by CPK21 but not with the kinase inactive variant. The biochemical characterization of in planta synthesized and purified CPK21 protein revealed that within the calcium-binding domain, n-terminal EF1- and EF2-motifs compared to C-terminal EF3- and EF4-motifs differ in their contribution to calcium-regulated kinase activity, suggesting a crucial role for the n-terminal EF-hand pair. Our data provide evidence for CPK21 contributing in abiotic stress signaling and suggest that the n-terminal EF-hand pair is a calcium-sensing determinant controlling specificity of CPK21 function.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress calcium signaling/transport Arabidopsis CDPK EF-hand.