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Endoscopic biliary treatment of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma: A meta-analysis of survival outcomes and systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第3期15卷 177-190页

作者： Jeffrey Rebhun claire m shin Uzma D Siddiqui Edward Villa Department of Gastroenterology Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Department of medicine University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612United States Center for Endoscopic Research and Therapeutics University of ChicagoUniversity of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Northshore University Health SystemEvanstonIL 60201United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation(ERFA),percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA),and photodynamic therapy(PDT),when used in conjunction with conventional biliary stenting,have demonstrated a survival benefit in patients with unresectable *** To compare pooled survival outcomes,adverse event rates,and mean stent patency for those undergoing these *** A comprehensive literature review of published studies and abstracts from January 2011 to December 2020 was performed comparing survival outcomes in patients undergoing ERFA with stenting,biliary stenting alone,PRFA with stenting,and PDT with stenting for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma(CCA).RESULTS Data from four studies demonstrated a pooled mean survival favoring ERFA as compared to biliary stenting alone(12.0±0.9 mo vs 6.8±0.3 mo,Pmproved median survival time(13 mo vs 8 mo,Pmonstrated statistical superiority to biliary stenting alone(Pmparing ERFA to PRFA,pooled data demonstrated overall higher mean survival in the ERFA with stenting cohort as compared to PRFA with stent cohort(12.0+0.9 mo vs 8.1+2.1 mo,Pm two studies demonstrated a pooled median survival favoring ERFA with stenting as compared to PDT with stenting(11.3 mo vs 8.5 mo,P=0.02).CONCLUSION While further prospective,randomized studies are needed to assess efficacy of ERFA,our metaanalysis demonstrated that this technique offers endoscopists a reasonable palliative method by which to treat patients with unresectable CCA that results in longer survival as compared to biliary stenting alone,percutaneous radiofrequency ablation with biliary stenting,and PDT with biliary stenting as well as an acceptable adverse event profile based on available published data.

关键词： Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation Photodynamic therapy Cholangiocarcinoma meta-analysis Systematic review

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Logic-in-memory cell enabling binary and ternary Boolean logics

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年

作者： Jeongyun OH Juhee JEON Yunwoo shin Kyougah CHO Sangsig KIm Department of Electrical Engineering Korea University

In computing systems, processing and memory units have been integrated into logic-in-memory (Lim) to enhance the computational efficiency and performance. Lim has been attempted to perform not only binary but also ternary logic functions, which reduces computing complexity. Herein, we demonstrate a binary and ternary Lim (BT-Lim) cell with eight triple-gated (TG) feedback field-effect transistors (FBFETs) reconfigured into n-or p-channel modes. The TG FBFETs exhibit symmetrical latch-up voltages and an on-current ratio of 1.02 between the n-and p-channel modes, which indicates a high potential for reconfigurable logic applications. The BT-Lim cell can perform YES, NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XNOR, and XOR logic functions in a single cell because of these reconfigurable characteristics. Further, binary and ternary logic functions are realized in the cell without a programming stage, and the cell maintains the results of the logic functions under zero-bias conditions. This study achieves multifunctional Lim that can operate all binary and ternary Boolean logics.

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Brain Banking for Research into Neurodegenerative Disorders and Ageing

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 283-288页

作者： claire E.Shepherd Holly Alvendia Glenda m.Halliday Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales New York University Brain and mind Centre Sydney Medical School University of Sydney

Advances in cellular and molecular biology underpin most current therapeutic advances in *** advances for neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are hindered by the lack of similar specimens. It is becoming increasingly evident that greater access to human brain tissue is necessary to understand both the cellular biology of these diseases and their variation. Research in these areas is vital to the development of viable therapeutic options for these currently untreatable diseases. The development and coordination of human brain specimen collection through brain banks is evolving. This perspective article from the Sydney Brain Bank reviews data concerning the best ways to collect and store material for different research purposes.

关键词： Brain banking Brain donation Neurodegenerative diseases Human brain tissue processing

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Outrunning the Red Queen： bystander activation as a means of outpacing innate immune subversion by intracellular pathogens

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2017年第1期14卷 14-21页

作者： Alicia m Holmgren Cameron A mcConkey Sunny shin Depatment of microbiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6060 USA Immunology Graduate Group Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6060 USA

Originally described by the late evolutionary biologist Leigh Van Valen, the Red Queen hypothesis posits that the evolutionary arms race between hosts and their pathogens selects for discrete, genetically encoded events that lead to competitive advantages over the other species. Examples of immune evasion strategies are seen throughout the co-evolution of the mammalian immune system and pathogens, such as the enzymatic inactivation of nuclear factor-KB signaling or host translation by pathogen-encoded virulence factors. Such immunoevasive maneuvers would be expected to select for the evolution of innate immune counterstrategies. Recent advances in our understanding of host immunity and microbial pathogenesis have provided insight into a particular innate immune adaptation, termed bystander activation. Bystander activation occurs as a consequence of infected cells alerting and instructing neighboring uninfected cells to produce inflammatory mediators, either through direct cell contact or paracrine signals. Thus, bystander activation can allow the immune system to overcome the ability of pathogens to disarm immune signaling in directly infected cells. This review presents an overview of the general hallmarks of bystander activation and their emerging role in innate immunity to intraceUular pathogens, as well as examples of recent mechanistic discoveries relating to the bystander activation during infection with specific pathogens relevant to human health and disease.

关键词： cell-cell communication cGAS exosomes gap junctions inflammasomes innate immunity

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Bile acids as endogenous etiologic agents in gastrointestinal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第27期15卷 3329-3340页

作者： Harris Bernstein Carol Bernstein claire m Payne Katerina Dvorak Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy College of Medicine and Arizona Cancer Center University of ArizonaTucson Arizona 85724 United States Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy College of Medicine University of ArizonaTucson Arizona 85724 United States Hematology/Oncology Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System Tucson Arizona 85723 United States

Bile acids are implicated as etiologic agents in cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including cancer of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, biliary tract, pancreas and colon/rectum. Deleterious effects of bile acid exposure, likely related to carcinogenesis, include: induction of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species; induction of DNA damage; stimulation of mutation; induction of apoptosis in the short term, and selection for apoptosis resistance in the long term. These deleterious effects have, so far, been reported most consistently in relation to esophageal and colorectal cancer, but also to some extent in relation to cancer of other organs. In addition, evidence is reviewed for an association of increased bile acid exposure with cancer risk in human populations, in specific human genetic conditions, and in animal experiments. A model for the role of bile acids in GI carcinogenesis is presented from a Darwinian perspective that offers an explanation for how the observed effects of bile acids on cells contribute to cancer development.

关键词： Bile acids Cancer Adenocarcinoma Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Pancreas Colon Apoptosis DNA damage

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mechanisms and treatment strategies of demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-marie-Tooth disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1931-1939页

作者： Nadège Hertzog claire Jacob Faculty of Biology Institute of Developmental Biology and NeurobiologyJohannes Gutenberg University MainzHanns-Dieter-Hüsch-WegMainzGermany

Schwann cells,the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system,wrap axons multiple times to build their myelin *** is of paramount importance for axonal integrity and fast axon potential ***,myelin is lacking or dysfunctional in several neuropathies including demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-m arie-To oth ***-marie-To oth disease represents the most prevalent inherited neuropathy in humans and is classified either as axonal,demyelinating or dysmyelinating,or as *** demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-marie-Tooth disease constitute the majority of the disease cases and are most frequently due to mutations in the three following myelin genes:peripheral myelin protein 22,myelin protein ze ro and gap junction beta 1(coding for Connexin 32) causing Charcot-m arie-Tooth disease type 1A,Charcot-marie-Tooth disease type 1B,and X-linked Charcot-m arie-Tooth disease type 1,*** resulting perturbation of myelin structure and function leads to axonal demyelination or dysmyelination and causes severe disabilities in affected *** treatment to cure or slow down the disease progression is currently available on the market,howeve r,scientific discoveries led to a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of the disease and to potential treatment *** this review,we describe the features and molecular mechanisms of the three main demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-marie-Tooth disease,the rodent models used in research,and the emerging therapeutic approaches to cure or counteract the progression of the disease.

关键词： Charcot-marie-Tooth disease rodent models emerging treatments demyelination and dysmyelination endoplasmic reticulum stress gene therapy myelin repair Schwann cells unfolded protein response

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Dairy sheep production research at the University of Wisconsin-madison,USA-a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 127-138页

作者： David L Thomas Yves m Berger Brett C mcKusick claire m mikolayunas University of Wisconsin-madison Department of Animal Sciences Spooner Agricultural Research Station Current address:merial Ltd midwest Organic Services Association ViroquaWisconsinUSA

Commercial milking of sheep is a new agricultural industry in the United States starting approximately 30 yr ago. The industry is still small, but it is growing. The majority of the sheep milk is used in the production of specialty cheeses. The United States is the major importer of sheep milk cheeses with 50 to 60% of annual world exports coming to the United States during the past 20 yr. Therefore, there is considerable growth potential for the industry in the United States. The only dairy sheep research flock in North America is located at the Spooner Agricultural Research Station of the University of Wisconsin-madison. The research program started in 1993 and has been multifaceted; dealing with several areas important to commercial dairy sheep farmers. The East Friesian and Lacaune dairy breeds were compared and introduced to the industry through the research program. Both dairy breeds produced significantly more milk than traditional meat-wool breeds found in the U.S., but the two breeds differed in their production traits. East Friesian-cross ewes produced more lambs and slightly more milk than Lacaune-cross ewes whereas Lacaune-cross ewes produced milk with a higher percentage of fat and protein than East Friesian-cross ewes. Lactation physiology studies have shown that ewes with active corpora lutea have increased milk yields, oxytocin release during milking is required to obtain normal fat percentages in the milk, large udder cisterns of dairy ewes can allow for increased milking intervals, and short daylengths during late pregnancy results in increased milk yield. In the nutrition area, legume-grass pastures and forages with a higher percentage of legume will result in increased milk production. Grazing ewes respond to additional supplementation with increased milk yield, but it is important to match the supplement to the quality of the grazing. Ewes on high quality legume-grass pastures that are high in rumen degradable protein respond with increased milk

关键词： Dairy sheep East Friesian Grazing Lacaune Lactation physiology Nitrogen efficiency RDP RUP Supplementation

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Youth Participation at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第2期6卷 150-163页

作者： Lydia Cumiskey Tam Hoang Sachi Suzuki claire Pettigrew moa m.Herrgard Disaster Risk Reduction Working Group UN Major Group for Children&Youth Youth Beyond Disasters Water Youth Network marine and Coastal Systems Health and Safety Emergency Management and Business Continuity UnitVictoria University Standing Committee on Human Right and Peace International Federation of Medical Students’Associations Department of Engineering Tohoku University

This article summarizes and analyzes the Children & Youth Forum and youth participation in the process during and leading up to the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction(WCDRR) in2015. An organizing committee consisting of international students and young professionals brought together around200 young professionals and students from around the globe to exchange ideas and knowledge on reducing disaster risk, building resilient communities, and advocating for the inclusion of youth priorities within the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR). The knowledge exchange during the Forum was structured around a Toolbox for Resilience that connected to the SFDRR section on Priorities for Action. This article presents the outcomes of these young people’s participation in the disaster risk reduction capacity building eventsand policy-making, as well as the follow-up actions envisioned by the young participants of the Forum. The voices of the younger generation were heard in the SFDRR and young people are ready to expand their actions for the framework’s effective implementation. Young people call on technical experts, donors, NGOs, agencies, governments, and academia to partner with them on this journey to create a more resilient tomorrow together.

关键词： Children & Youth Forum Disaster risk reduction SFDRR Toolbox for Resilience

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Effect of texture and twinning on mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of an extruded biodegradable mg-4Zn alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2019年第4期7卷 707-716页

作者： m.Sabbaghian R.mahmudi K.S.shin School of metallurgical and materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehran 14395-515Iran magnesium Technology Innovation Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul 08826Republic of Kore

microstructure,texture,mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the extruded mg-4Zn alloy,as a biodegradable material,were investigated.A refined microstructure caused by dynamic recrystallization(DRX),and a general fiber texture were achieved after *** properties along different directions of the extruded samples were investigated using shear punch test(SPT).The shear yield stress(SYS)of 113.8 mPa obtained in the transverse direction(TD)was higher than the 106 mPa achieved for the extruded direction(ED)and 45˚*** was attributed to the higher amounts of twins and also lower Schmid factor(SF)in the *** the other hand,encouraged activation of the basal slip system in the 45˚samples resulted in improved room temperature formability,as indicated by the normalized displacement in the SPT *** back scattered diffraction(EBSD)analysis of the surfaces corroded in the phosphate buffered saline(PBS)solution,showed that despite having similar grain sizes and second phase particles shape and volume fractions,surfaces containing grains near(0001)orientations and extension twins(TD and 45˚samples)have lower corrosion rates,as compared to the ED specimens.

关键词： mg-Zn alloy Corrosion rate Dynamic recrystallization Texture Twinning

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Characteristics of High Speed Electro-thermal Jet Activated by Pulsed DC Discharge

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2010年第5期23卷 518-522页

作者： Jichul shin Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Ulsan

Experimental study of synthetic jet produced by pulsed direct current （DC） discharge is presented. High velocity jet is acti- vated electro-thermally by high frequency pulsed DC discharge in small cavity. A cavity of 2.38 mm diameter cylinder bounded by circular electrode is made in a ceramic plate and a small orifice of 1.78 mm diameter is drilled in the middle of cavity. High frequency pulsed DC discharge instantaneously heats air in the cavity and produces high velocity jet at the exit of the orifice. Schlieren imaging at high framing rate of 100 kHz reveals the presence of supersonic precursor shock followed by the jet emerg- ing from the orifice. The jet velocity reaches as high as about 300 m/s. Jet with smaller cavity volume produces lesser effect and jet velocity reaches maximum at certain cavity volume with given discharge current and orifice size. As duty time of pulse increases from 5 to 20 μs at fixed frequency of 5 kHz, the jet velocity also increases and becomes nearly constant with further increase in duty time. At fixed duty time of 20 μs, higher frequency pulsing of 10 kHz produces degradation of the jet as the discharge pulse continues. The jet developed in this study is demonstrated to be strong enough to penetrate deep into supersonic boundary layer and to produce a bow shock when the jet is issued into mach 3 supersonic flow.

关键词： synthetic jet pulsed DC plasma supersonic flow actuation

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