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Recovery rates and long-term olfactory dysfunction following COVID-19 infection

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 121-128页

作者： Melanie Dias Zara Shaida Nora Haloob claire Hopkins ENT Department Guy's HospitalLondonUK

Objectives:Olfactory dysfunction is one of the most recognized symptoms of COVID-19,significantly impacting quality of life,particularly in cases where recovery is prolonged.This review aims to explore patterns of olfactory recovery post-COVID-19 infection,with particular focus on delayed recovery.Data Sources:Published literature in the English language,including senior author's own work,online and social media platforms,and patients'anecdotal reports.Method:A comprehensive review of the literature was undertaken by the authors with guidance from the senior author with expertise in the field of olfaction.Results:Based on self-report,an estimated 95%of patients recover their olfactory function within 6 months post-COVID-19 infection.However,psychophysical testing detects higher rates of persistent olfactory dysfunction.Recovery has been found to continue for at least 2 years postinfection;negative prognostic indicators include severe olfactory loss in the acute phase,female sex,and older age.Variability in quantitative and qualitative disturbance in prolonged cases likely reflects both peripheral and central pathophysiological mechanisms.Limitations of many of the reviewed studies reflect lack of psychophysical testing and baseline olfactory assessment.Conclusions:Post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction remains a significant health and psychosocial burden.Emerging evidence is improving awareness and knowledge among clinicians to better support patients through their olfactory rehabilitation,with hope of recovery after several months or years.Further research is needed to better understand the underlying pathogenesis of delayed recovery,identify at risk individuals earlier in the disease course,and develop therapeutic targets.

关键词： anosmia COVID-19 olfaction parosmia recovery

Cardialysis 40年:领先欧洲的心血管研究机构

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中华心血管病杂志 2024年第1期52卷 107-110页

作者： Spitzer Ernest Ren claire Ben Cardialysis 鹿特丹3012KM 欧洲心血管研究所鹿特丹3012KM 荷兰鹿特丹伊拉斯谟大学医学中心胸部中心心内科鹿特丹3015GD

该文总结了Cardialysis的定位、过往成就及其未来发展的方向,其核心是在全球层面巩固和扩大临床试验研究者和临床研究专业人员之间的合作。Cardialysis的独特性在于其学术优势与独立性的结合以及高质量学术成果的产出。该文还总结了Card... 详细信息

该文总结了Cardialysis的定位、过往成就及其未来发展的方向,其核心是在全球层面巩固和扩大临床试验研究者和临床研究专业人员之间的合作。Cardialysis的独特性在于其学术优势与独立性的结合以及高质量学术成果的产出。该文还总结了Cardialysis心血管影像核心实验室和其过往完成的重要介入心脏病学临床试验;同时阐述了该组织提供的科技服务。此外,它还介绍了由Cardialysis(参与)创立的学术研究联盟(ARC)和欧洲心血管研究所(ECRI)两个非营利性学术组织。最后文章提到了Cardialysis成功的最重要贡献者,并分享了未来发展的方向。

关键词：心血管疾病核心实验室研究机构合作介入心脏病学心血管影像

From bibliometric analysis: 3D printing design strategies and battery applications with a focus on zinc‐ion batteries

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SmartMat 2024年第1期5卷 59-82页

作者： Xuan Gao Kejiang Liu Chang Su Wei Zhang Yuhang Dai Ivan P.Parkin claire J.Carmalt Guanjie He Christopher Ingold Laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonUK Electrochemical Innovation Lab(EIL) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUK Department of Physics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Nanyang Technopreneurship Center Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Three‐dimensional(3D)printing has the potential to revolutionize the way energy storage devices are designed and manufactured.In this paper,we explore the use of 3D printing in the design and production of energy storage devices,especially zinc‐ion batteries(ZIBs)and examine its potential advantages over traditional manufacturing methods.3D printing could significantly improve the customization of ZIBs,making it a promising strategy for the future of energy storage.In particular,3D printing allows for the creation of complex,customized geometries,and designs that can optimize the energy density,power density,and overall performance of batteries.Simultaneously,we discuss and compare the impact of 3D printing design strategies based on different configurations of film,interdigitation,and framework on energy storage devices with a focus on ZIBs.Additionally,3D printing enables the rapid prototyping and production of batteries,reducing leading times and costs compared with traditional manufacturing methods.However,there are also challenges and limitations to consider,such as the need for further development of suitable 3D printing materials and processes for energy storage applications.

关键词： 3D printing battery commercialization bibliometric analysis electrode configurations zinc‐ion battery

Comparison of methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete observation data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.Stephen Chris R.Burke Jennie E.Pryce Nicole M.Steele Peter R.Amer Susanne Meier claire V.C.Phyn Dorian J.Garrick DairyNZ Ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding-Massey University RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agriculture Victoria Research AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure precisely.Examples include time-dependent traits such as reproductive status,or lifespan.Incomplete measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interval-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or above a lower bound respectively.Here we compare three methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elevation(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGEP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example trait.Methods We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day intervals from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×Jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calving,pasture-based herds in New Zealand.We used these actual data to simulate 7 different visit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three visits.Three methods for deriving phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical variables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous variables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous variables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation approach.Results Credibility intervals for heritability estimations overlapped across all methods and visit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was reduced.For sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding values(EBVs)from our three-visit scenario and each reduced data scenario varied by method,ranging from 0.65 to 0.95.The estimated breed effects also varied by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring increased.Conclusion Our results indicate that using some methods,phenotypes derived from one observ

关键词： Cattle Gibbs sampler Markov-chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) Puberty

Adverse Events following AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Study in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第2期14卷 11-15页

作者： Chiayé claire Antoinette Yapo-Crezoit Samuel Boahene Mireille Dosso Immunity Biology Unit Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Introduction: Pharmaceutical companies have boosted vaccine production following the global COVID-19 pandemic. In Côte d’Ivoire, the first vaccination campaign with the AstraZeneca vaccine began on March 1, 2021, as part of the Covax program. Despite the positive benefit/risk balance, the adverse effects of vaccination should not be minimized. Objective: To identify adverse events of AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccination for better management. Materials and Methods: This is a case of a 57-year-old obese (BMI = 39 kg/m2) female health care worker who experienced adverse events in March 2021 after the second dose of AstraZeneca vaccine administered 4 weeks apart. These were subject to mandatory case reporting. Results: Major post-vaccination events occurred in a noisy systemic picture with parameters showing significant disturbances. Biological surveillance remains costly and makes the accountability of the vaccine complex. Conclusion: Vaccination remains the ultimate weapon in the fight against endemic diseases but should not overshadow the reporting of adverse events.

关键词： Adverse Events Post-Second Immunization AstraZeneca Vaccine Abidjan

新型脱甲基酶抑制剂氯氟醚菌唑对水稻恶苗病致病菌藤仓镰孢菌的抑菌活性

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农药学学报 2024年第1期26卷 69-76,35页

作者：陈星杨家伟 KOKLANNOU Damalk Saint claire Senakpon 孙扬陈雨安徽农业大学植物保护学院合肥230036 作物有害生物综合治理安徽省重点实验室合肥230036

水稻恶苗病是水稻生产中的重要种传真菌病害,其在我国的主要致病菌为藤仓镰孢菌Fusarium fujikuroi。本研究采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法,测定了102株藤仓镰孢菌对新型脱甲基酶抑制剂氯氟醚菌唑的敏感性,明确了其敏感性分布,同时测... 详细信息

水稻恶苗病是水稻生产中的重要种传真菌病害,其在我国的主要致病菌为藤仓镰孢菌Fusarium fujikuroi。本研究采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法,测定了102株藤仓镰孢菌对新型脱甲基酶抑制剂氯氟醚菌唑的敏感性,明确了其敏感性分布,同时测定了氯氟醚菌唑对藤仓镰孢菌菌丝和孢子形态、细胞膜通透性、细胞壁和细胞膜完整性、麦角甾醇和毒素合成的影响。结果表明:氯氟醚菌唑对藤仓镰孢菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的EC50值范围分别在0.0305~0.7579μg/mL和0.1091~1.6870μg/mL,平均EC50值分别为(0.2469±0.0167)μg/mL和(0.6397±0.0324)μg/mL。此外,用EC50浓度的氯氟醚菌唑处理,可使藤仓镰孢菌菌丝扭曲破裂、孢子皱缩扁平,可破坏菌丝细胞壁和细胞膜完整性,显著降低了麦角甾醇含量,影响毒素合成。研究结果证实了氯氟醚菌唑对藤仓镰孢菌的生物活性,可为水稻恶苗病的田间防治以及氯氟醚菌唑的科学合理使用提供依据。

关键词：脱甲基酶抑制剂氯氟醚菌唑水稻恶苗病藤仓镰孢菌抑菌活性

Establishment of a system for screening and identification of novel bactericide targets in the plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae using Tn-seq and SPR

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1580-1592页

作者： Chaoyue Pang Ling Jin Haoyu Zang Damalk Saint-claire SKoklannou Jiazhi Sun Jiawei Yang Yongxing Wang Liang Xu Chunyan Gu Yang Sun Xing Chen Yu Chen School of Plant Protection Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230031China Anhui Province Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application School of Plant ProtectionAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei230036China Hefei Research Center State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsHefei 230036China Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Anhui Province School of Plant ProtectionAnhui Agricultural University Hefei230036China Shandong Vicome Greenland Chemical Co. Ltd.Jinan 250204China

Xanthomonas spp. cause severe bacterial diseases. However, effective strategies for prevention and management of these diseases are scarce. Thus, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of control of diseases caused by Xanthomonas. In this study, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo), which causes rice bacterial leaf blight, has been studied as a representative. A transposon insertion library of Xoo, comprising approximately 200,000 individual insertion mutants, was generated. Transposon sequencing data indicated that the mariner C9 transposase mapped at 35.7–36.4% of all potential insertion sites, revealing 491 essential genes required for the growth of Xoo in rich media. The results show that, compared to the functions of essential genes of other bacteria, the functions of some essential genes of Xoo are unknown, 25 genes might be dangerous for the Xanthomonas group, and 3 are specific to Xanthomonas. High-priority candidates for developing broad-spectrum, Xanthomonas-specific, and environment-friendly bactericides were identified in this study. In addition, this study revealed the possible targets of dioctyldiethylenetriamine using surface plasmon resonance(SPR) in combination with high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(HPLC–MS). The study also provided references for the research of some certain bactericides with unknown anti-bacterial mode of action. In conclusion, this study urged a better understanding of Xanthomonas,provided meaningful data for the management of bacterial leaf blight, and disclosed selected targets of a novel bactericide.

关键词： rice bacterial leaf blight Xanthomonas essential genes Tn-seq dioctyldiethylenetriamine

Trial characteristics and treatment effect estimates in randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine: A meta-epidemiological study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 223-234页

作者： Betty H.Wang Ya-li Lin Yin-yan Gao Jin-lu Song Lang Qin Ling-qi Li Wen-qi Liu claire C.W.Zhong Mary Y.Jiang Chen Mao Xiao-bo Yang Vincent C.H.Chung Irene X.Y.Wu Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityChangsha 410006Hunan ProvinceChina School of Chinese Medicine the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Public Health Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Chinese Medicine Syndrome Research Team the Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology Central South UniversityChangsha 410006Hunan ProvinceChina

Background:Previously published meta-epidemiological studies focused on Western medicine have identified some trial characteristics that impact the treatment effect of randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Nevertheless,it remains unclear if similar associations exist in RCTs on Chinese herbal medicine(CHM).Further,Chinese medicine-related characteristics have not been explored yet.Objective:To investigate trial characteristics related to treatment effect estimates on CHM RCTs.Search strategy:This meta-epidemiological study searched 5 databases for systematic reviews on CHM treatment published between January 2011 and July 2021.Inclusion criteria:An eligible systematic review should only include RCTs of CHM and conduct at least one meta-analysis.Data extraction and analysis:Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction on general characteristics of systematic reviews,meta-analyses and included RCTs.They also assessed the risk of bias of RCTs using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.A two-step approach was used for data analyses.The ratio of odds ratios(ROR) and difference in standardized mean differences (dSMD) with 95%confidence interval (CI) were applied to present the difference in effect estimates for binary and continuous outcomes,respectively.Results:Ninety-one systematic reviews,comprising 1338 RCTs were identified.For binary outcomes,RCTs incorporated with syndrome differentiation (ROR:1.23;95%CI:[1.07,1.39]),adopting Chinese medicine formula (ROR:1.19;95%CI:[1.03,1.34]),with low risk of bias on incomplete outcome data (ROR:1.29;95%CI:[1.06,1.52]) and selective outcome reporting (ROR:1.12;95%CI:[1.01,1.24]),as well as a trial size≥100 (ROR:1.23;95%CI:[1.04,1.42]) preferred to show larger effect estimates.As for continuous outcomes,RCTs with Chinese medicine diagnostic criteria (dSMD:0.23;95%CI:[0.06,0.41]),judged as high/unclear risk of bias on allocation concealment (dSMD:-0.70;95%CI:[-0.99,-0.42]),with low risk of bias on incomplete outcome data (dSMD:0.30;95%CI:[0.18,0.43]),conducted at a single center

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine Randomized controlled trial Risk of bias Meta-epidemiological study Effect estimates

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会说话的鸡蛋(下)

英语角 2024年第16期 32-35页

作者： claire Flora(画) 不详

童话是儿童文学的一种,童话故事大都想象力丰富、语言生动、情节曲折,以此展现世界的善恶美丑,带我们领悟世间道理。各国的童话故事都有着自己独特的魅力,快跟着EC漫绘一起走进奇妙的童话世界吧!

关键词：童话故事童话世界善恶美丑语言生动儿童文学想象力情节曲折独特的魅力