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Developing crop specific area frame stratifications based on geospatial crop frequency and cultivation data layers

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 312-323页

作者： claire G. Boryan Zhengwei Yang Patrick Willis Liping Di Research and Development Division USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service VA 22030 USA Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems George Mason University VA 22030 USA

Area Sampling Frames （ASFs） are the basis of many statistical programs around the world. To improve the accuracy, objectivity and efficiency of crop survey estimates, an automated stratification method based on geospatial crop planting frequency and cultivation data is proposed. This paper investigates using 2008-2013 geospatial corn, soybean and wheat planting frequency data layers to create three corresponding single crop specific and one multi-crop specific South Dakota （SD） U.S. ASF stratifications. Corn, soybeans and wheat are three major crops in South Dakota. The crop specific ASF stratifications are developed based on crop frequency statistics derived at the primary sampling unit （PSU） level based on the Crop Frequency Data Layers. The SD corn, soybean and wheat mean planting frequency strata of the single crop stratifications are substratified by percent cultivation based on the 2013 Cultivation Layer. The three newly derived ASF stratifications provide more crop specific information when compared to the current National Agricultural Statistics Service （NASS） ASF based on percent cultivation alone. Further, a multi-crop stratification is developed based on the individual corn, soybean and wheat planting frequency data layers. It is observed that all four crop frequency based ASF stratifications consistently predict corn, soybean and wheat planting patterns well as verified by the 2014 Farm Service Agency （FSA） Common Land Unit （CLU） and 578 administrative data. This demonstrates that the new stratifications based on crop planting frequency and cultivation are crop type independent and applicable to all major crops. Further, these results indicate that the new crop specific ASF stratifications have great potential to improve ASF accuracy, efficiency and crop estimates.

关键词： cropland data layer crop planting frequency data layers automated stratification crop specific stratification multi-crop stratification

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Turbocharging introgression breeding of perennial fruit crops:a case study on apple

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2040-2046页

作者： Satish Kumar Elena Hilario Cecilia HDeng claire Molloy The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Hawkes Bay Research CentreHavelock NorthNew Zealand The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Mount Albert Research CentreAucklandNew Zealand

The allelic diversity of primitive germplasm of fruit crops provides a useful resource for introgressing novel genes to meet consumer preferences and environmental ***-breeding facilitates the identification of novel genetic variation in the primitive germplasm and expedite its utilisation in cultivar breeding *** generations of pre-breeding could be required to minimise linkage drag from the donor parent and to maximise the genomic content of the recipient *** this study we investigated the potential of genomic selection(GS)as a tool for rapid background selection of parents for the successive generation.A diverse set of 274 accessions was genotyped using random-tag genotyping-by-sequencing,and phenotyped for eight fruit quality *** relationship between‘own phenotypes’of 274 accessions and their general combining ability(GCA)was also *** heritability influenced the strength of correspondence between own phenotype and the *** average(across eight traits)accuracy of predicting own phenotype was 0.70,and the correlations between genomic-predicted own phenotype and GCA were similar to the observed *** results suggest that genome-assisted parental selection(GAPS)is a credible alternative to phenotypic parental selection,so could help reduce the generation interval to allow faster accumulation of favourable alleles from donor and recipient parents.

关键词： breeding crops donor

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Nuclearly Encoded Splicing Factors Implicated in RNA Splicing in Higher Plant Organelles

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Molecular Plant 2010年第4期3卷 691-705页

作者： Andeol Falcon de Longevialle lan D. Small claire Lurin Unite Mixte de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Universite d'Evry Val d'Essonne) 91057 Evry France Australian Research Council of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 WA Australia Australian Research Council of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 WA Australia

Plant organelles arose from two independent endosymbiosis events. Throughout evolutionary history, tight control of chloroplasts and mitochondria has been gained by the nucleus, which regulates most steps of organelle genome expression and metabolism. In particular, RNA maturation, including RNA splicing, is highly dependent on nuclearly encoded splicing factors. Most introns in organelles are group II introns, whose catalytic mechanism closely resembles that of the nuclear spliceosome. Plant group II introns have lost the ability to self-splice in vivo and require nuclearly encoded proteins as cofactors. Since the first splicing factor was identified in chloroplasts more than 10 years ago, many other proteins have been shown to be involved in splicing of one or more introns in chloroplasts or mitochondria. These new proteins belong to a variety of different families of RNA binding proteins and provide new insights into ribonucleoprotein complexes and RNA splicing machineries in organelles. In this review, we describe how splicing factors, encoded by the nucleus and targeted to the organelles, take part in post-transcriptional steps in higher plant organelle gene expression. We go on to discuss the potential for these factors to regulate organelle gene expression.

关键词： RNA splicing chloroplast mitochondria splicing factors.

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Epstein-Barr virus and the origin of Hodgkin lymphoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第12期33卷 591-597页

作者： Martina Vockerodt Fathima Zumla Cader claire Shannon-Lowe Paul Murray School of Cancer Sciences University of Birmingham

Although Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)is present in the malignant Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg(HRS)cells of a proportion of cases of classical Hodgkin lymphoma(c HL),how the virus contributes to the pathogenesis of this disease remains poorly *** is clear from the studies of other EBV-associated cancers that the virus is usually not sufficient for tumor development and that other oncogenic co-factors are *** article reviews what is known about the contribution of EBV to the pathogenesis of c HL and focuses on emerging evidence implicating chronic inflammation as a potential oncogenic co-factor in this malignancy.

关键词： Epstein-Barr病毒淋巴瘤起源金恶性肿瘤发病机制辅助因子 EBV

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Wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera ***)in the Hyrcanian relict forests of northern Iran:an overview of current taxonomy,ecology and palaeorecords

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1757-1768页

作者： Alireza Naqinezhad Elias Ramezani Morteza Djamali Annik Schnitzler claire Arnold Department of Biology Faculty of Basic SciencesUniversity of MazandaranBabolsarMazandaranIran Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Institut Mediterraneen de Biodiversite et d’Ecologie(IMBE UMR 7263CNRS-Aix Marseille Universite-IRD-Universite d’Avignon)Europole mediterraneen de l'Arboisbatiment VilleminBP8013545 Aix-En-Provence Cedex 04France Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux LIEC-UMR 7360 CNRSUniversity of LorraineMetzFrance University of Lausanne Unicentre1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Due to severe anthropogenic impacts on lowland and submontane zones of the Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran, wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris), a sporadically distributed woody liana, is currently considered an endangered species. Using data from the literature and 34 studied populations, herbarium assessments and nine palynological sites, we provide an overview of its taxonomy,distribution and ecology in the first part of the *** separation of the two subspecies, namely V. sylvestris subsp. anebophylla and V. sylvestris subsp. trichophylla(sensu Flora Iranica), based on their leaf indumentums, could not be confirmed by our examination of herbarium materials and field observations. Indumentum of the leaves is a result of leaf polymorphism in different Vitis specimens and can be strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris grows in a wide range of habitats including wetlands, seasonal stream sides in closed forests,alluvial beds of large rivers, sand dune shrublands and forested wetlands(alder forests). Parrotia persica and Carpinus betulus were the most frequent host species in the studied populations. In the Hyrcanian region, no pollen record of Vitis older than the Mid-or Late-Holocene has yet been established. Despite the intrinsic problem in pollen identification by normal(i.e., light) microscopy of wild from cultivated grapevines, the significant values and persistent occurrence of Vitis pollen since the Mid-Holocene(before the Bronze Age) in the Hyrcanian pollen records may imply the onset of viticulture in low-to mid-elevation sites in the region. This represents an argument to consider the Hyrcanian region as a possible domestication center for V. ***, the question of wild versus cultivated origin of grapevines in the Hyrcanian pollen records and the possible date of its domestication and/or cultivation will remain open until further palynological studies are undertaken.

关键词： Domestication Grapevine Hyrcanian forests Pollen Vitis

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Brain Banking for Research into Neurodegenerative Disorders and Ageing

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 283-288页

作者： claire E.Shepherd Holly Alvendia Glenda M.Halliday Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales New York University Brain and Mind Centre Sydney Medical School University of Sydney

Advances in cellular and molecular biology underpin most current therapeutic advances in *** advances for neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are hindered by the lack of similar specimens. It is becoming increasingly evident that greater access to human brain tissue is necessary to understand both the cellular biology of these diseases and their variation. Research in these areas is vital to the development of viable therapeutic options for these currently untreatable diseases. The development and coordination of human brain specimen collection through brain banks is evolving. This perspective article from the Sydney Brain Bank reviews data concerning the best ways to collect and store material for different research purposes.

关键词： Brain banking Brain donation Neurodegenerative diseases Human brain tissue processing

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新型三唑类杀菌剂氯氟醚菌唑对水稻恶苗病菌和稻瘟病菌的生物学活性研究

新型三唑类杀菌剂氯氟醚菌唑对水稻恶苗病菌和稻瘟病菌的生物学活...

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作者： KOKLANNOU DAMALK SAINT claire SENAKPON 安徽农业大学

学位级别：硕士

水稻恶苗病和稻瘟病分别是由藤仓镰刀菌（Fusarium fujikuroi）和Magnaporthe oryzae引起的典型真菌病害。这类病害的发生严重威胁着水稻的产量和品质,田间生产中主要是使用杀菌剂进行防治。氯氟醚菌唑（mefentrifluconazole,MFZ）是巴... 详细信息

水稻恶苗病和稻瘟病分别是由藤仓镰刀菌（Fusarium fujikuroi）和Magnaporthe oryzae引起的典型真菌病害。这类病害的发生严重威胁着水稻的产量和品质,田间生产中主要是使用杀菌剂进行防治。氯氟醚菌唑（mefentrifluconazole,MFZ）是巴斯夫公司生产的一种新型去甲基化抑制剂（DMI）类杀菌剂。氯氟醚菌唑具有优异的抗真菌活性,具有广谱、高效、良好内吸传导性等优点。然而,其对***和***的生物活性和防治效果仍不明确。基于此,本研究旨在明确氯氟醚菌唑对水稻恶苗病菌***和稻瘟病菌***的生物活性,建立其对氯氟醚菌唑的敏感性基线,并探究了氯氟醚菌唑对***和***的生理生化特征的影响。主要结果如下:氯氟醚菌唑对水稻恶苗病菌的活性:1.通过菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法建立了水稻恶苗病菌对氯氟醚菌唑的敏感性基线,其EC值的范围分别为0.0305-0.7579μg/m L和0.1091-1.6870μg/m L,平均EC值分别为0.2469±0.01669μg/m L和0.6397±0.0324μg/m L。两条敏感性基线均为单峰曲线,表明氯氟醚菌唑对***表现出优异的抑制活性。2.光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜的观察结果表明,氯氟醚菌唑处理使水稻恶苗病菌菌丝分枝增多,菌丝形态扭曲变形;此外,孢子形态出现皱缩扁平的现象。3.氯氟醚菌唑处理显著降低麦角甾醇含量,增加细胞膜通透性,降低几丁质含量,破坏细胞壁和细胞膜的完整性。4.盆栽实验分析表明,与氰烯菌酯和咪鲜胺相比,氯氟醚菌唑对水稻恶苗病菌表现出更好的保护（76.48%）和治疗活性（87.99%）,治疗活性明显优于保护活性。5.氯氟醚菌唑处理可显著降低***和***中,伏马菌素（FB1、FB2和FB3）的含量,***中赤霉酸含量稍有下降,但与对照相比无显著差异。氯氟醚菌唑对水稻稻瘟病菌的活性:1.通过菌丝生长速率法建立稻瘟病菌对氯氟醚菌唑的敏感性基线,EC值范围为0.4131-1.5761μg/m L,平均EC值为1.0189±0.3595μg/m L。敏感性基线呈单峰曲线,可作为敏感性基线标准。2.氯氟醚菌唑处理使稻瘟病菌菌丝顶端分枝增多,并伴随有明显的扭曲、皱缩和断裂。此外,处理组菌丝细胞膜通透性增大,麦角甾醇和几丁质含量降低,细胞壁和细胞膜完整性被破坏。综上所述,氯氟醚菌唑对水稻恶苗病菌和稻瘟病菌表现出优异的离体活性,并对水稻恶苗病具有良好的活体防效,可作为防治水稻恶苗病和稻瘟病的候选杀菌剂,减缓田间抗药性发生。

关键词：氯氟醚菌唑稻恶苗病菌稻瘟病菌生物活性敏感性基线

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Carbon pool dynamics after variable retention harvesting in Nothofagus pumilio forests of Tierra del Fuego

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 66-84页

作者： Jimena E.Chaves Marie-claire Aravena Acu?a Julián Rodríguez-Souilla Juan M.Cellini Nolan J.Rappa María V.Lencinas Pablo L.Peri Guillermo J.Martínez Pastur Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP) Nature Conservation & Landscape Ecology University of Freiburg Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)

Background It is necessary to determine the implications for managing forest stands using variable retention harvesting for maintaining carbon and for calculating the effects of different harvesting practices on above-and belowground carbon balance in forest ecosystems. In this context, forest carbon management has gained more attention among managers and policy-makers during recent years. The aim of this study was to determine carbon pool dynamics in different forest ecosystem components after variable retention harvesting(VRH) to characterize the ecological stability and quantify the recovery rate through the years-after-harvesting(YAH).Methods Carbon pool compartmentalization of 14 different components was determined in 60 harvested and primary unmanaged forests during the first 18 YAH in Tierra del Fuego(Argentina). We compared them using uni-and multi-variate methods, relativizing the outputs with primary unmanaged *** We determined the effectiveness to retain carbon components in post-harvested stands under different retention strategies(aggregated vs. dispersed). The balance among carbon pool components changed between managed and unmanaged stands across the YAH, and was directly related to the impact magnitude. Aggregated retention improved the ecological stability of the harvested areas, where the below-ground components were more stable than the above-ground components. The recovery rate was directly related to the post-harvesting natural dynamics of the stands. The studied period was not enough to fully recover the C levels of primary unmanaged forests, but VRH showed advantages to increase the C pools in the managed *** Promoting VRH can improve sustainable forestry at the landscape level and in the long term, generating positive synergies with biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services. This study provides important new insights into forest carbon management, in particular to setting standards in carbon projects and

关键词： Carbon reservoir Temperate forest Ecological stability Recovery rate Forest carbon management

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Endoscopic biliary treatment of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma: A meta-analysis of survival outcomes and systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第3期15卷 177-190页

作者： Jeffrey Rebhun claire M Shin Uzma D Siddiqui Edward Villa Department of Gastroenterology Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Department of Medicine University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612United States Center for Endoscopic Research and Therapeutics University of ChicagoUniversity of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Northshore University Health SystemEvanstonIL 60201United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation(ERFA),percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA),and photodynamic therapy(PDT),when used in conjunction with conventional biliary stenting,have demonstrated a survival benefit in patients with unresectable *** To compare pooled survival outcomes,adverse event rates,and mean stent patency for those undergoing these *** A comprehensive literature review of published studies and abstracts from January 2011 to December 2020 was performed comparing survival outcomes in patients undergoing ERFA with stenting,biliary stenting alone,PRFA with stenting,and PDT with stenting for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma(CCA).RESULTS Data from four studies demonstrated a pooled mean survival favoring ERFA as compared to biliary stenting alone(12.0±0.9 mo vs 6.8±0.3 mo,P<0.001)as well as statistically improved median survival time(13 mo vs 8 mo,P<0.001).Both ERFA with stenting and PRFA with stenting groups demonstrated statistical superiority to biliary stenting alone(P<0.001 and P=0.004,respectively).However,when comparing ERFA to PRFA,pooled data demonstrated overall higher mean survival in the ERFA with stenting cohort as compared to PRFA with stent cohort(12.0+0.9 mo vs 8.1+2.1 mo,P<0.0001).Data from two studies demonstrated a pooled median survival favoring ERFA with stenting as compared to PDT with stenting(11.3 mo vs 8.5 mo,P=0.02).CONCLUSION While further prospective,randomized studies are needed to assess efficacy of ERFA,our metaanalysis demonstrated that this technique offers endoscopists a reasonable palliative method by which to treat patients with unresectable CCA that results in longer survival as compared to biliary stenting alone,percutaneous radiofrequency ablation with biliary stenting,and PDT with biliary stenting as well as an acceptable adverse event profile based on available published data.

关键词： Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation Photodynamic therapy Cholangiocarcinoma Meta-analysis Systematic review

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Molecular mechanisms of metastasis in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 57-67页

作者： Noel W. Clarke claire A. Hart Mick D. Brown Genito-Urinary Cancer Research Group School of Cancer and lmaging Sciences Paterson Institute for Cancer ResearchChristie Hospital University of Manchester Manchester M20 4BX UK

Prostate cancer （PCa） preferentially metastasizes to the bone marrow stroma of the axial skeleton. This activity is the principal cause of PCa morbidity and mortality. The exact mechanism of PCa metastasis is currently unknown, although considerable progress has been made in determining the key players in this process. In this review, we present the current understanding of the molecular processes driving PCa metastasis to the bone.

关键词： bone bone marrow stroma metastasis prostate cancer

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