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desmarestia anceps Montagne (Phaeophyceae) against Colorectal Cancer Cells: Cytotoxic Activity and Proapoptotic Effects

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2022年第6期12卷 228-245页

作者： Rafaele Frassini Daniela Steffens Sidnei Moura Cesar Aguzzoli Aline Paternostro martins Pio Colepicolo Mutue Toyota Fujii Nair S. Yokoya cláudio martin pereira de pereira Ana cláudia Phillipus Miriam de Barcellos Falkenberg João Antonio Pêgas Henriques Mariana Roesch-Ely Laboratory of Applied Toxicology and Bioproducts University of Caxias do Sul RS Brazil Laboratory of Biosynthetic and Natural Products of Caxias do Sul RS Brazil Area of Exact Sciences and Engineering University of Caxias do Sul RS Brazil Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Algae University of S&#227 o Paulo S&#227 o Paulo SP Brazil Nucleus Research Phycology Institute of Botany S&#227 o Paulo SP Brazil Laboratory of Lipidomics and Biorganic-LipidomicaBio Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil Study Group on Natural and Synthetic Products (GEPRONAS) Federal University of Santa Catarina SC Brazil

Impairment of apoptosis promotes abnormal cellular proliferation and accumulation of genetic alterations. Identifying bioactive compounds extracted from seaweeds that induce apoptosis in cancer cells may be explored as new agents for cancer chemoprevention and/or chemotherapy. The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition and biological activity of the chloroform crude extract and fractions from Antarctic seaweed desmarestia anceps. The chloroform extract was obtained by three consecutive macerations and the fractionation by vacuum liquid chromatography. The chemical characterization of the extract and fractions was performed through Gas Chromatography. The cytotoxicity of the crude extract and fractions was evaluated by the MTT assay. Cell death and cell cycle evaluation after 24 hours of exposure to chloroform extract were performed by flow cytometry. A total of 48 compounds were identified. The results indicate that chloroform extract and its fractions presented cytotoxic activity against HCT 116 cell line in a dose dependent-manner. Proapoptotic events were observed after chloroform extract exposition, which promoted an increase of multinucleated cells and reduced cell viability. This study was the first to explore cytotoxic potential of seaweed D. anceps fractions against HCT colorectal cancer cell line, suggesting that these macroalgae may be a promising candidate against anticancer activity.

关键词： Antarctic Seaweeds Antitumor Activity Apoptosis Proapoptotic Effect Colorectal Cancer

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Effects of Imazethapyr-Based Herbicide Formulation in the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Hepatocyte Cell Line (ZF-L): Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第6期15卷 747-765页

作者： Edila Maria Kickhöfel Ferrer Milena Mattes Cerveira Pedro Henrique Flores Da Cruz cleiton Jesus Andrade pereira Lucas Moraes Berneira claudio martin pereira de pereira Nathalia Stark Pedra Roselia Maria Spanevello Jean Carlos Bauer Vieira clarissa Piccinin Frizzo Mateus Tavares Kütter Janice Luehring Giongo Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher Center of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Microorganism Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory (LAPEBBIOM) Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL) Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Center of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Laboratory for Lipidomic and Bio-Organic Research Bioforensic Research Group Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL) Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Center of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Neurochemistry Inflammation and Cancer Laboratory Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL) Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil department of Chemistry Heterocycle Chemistry Center (NUQUIMHE) Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil department of Microbiology and Parasitology Biology Institute Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL) Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Seizures of agrochemical formulations have increased in Brazil and Rio Grande do Sul is among the Brazilian states with the highest number of seizures of these products obtained illicitly. The use of illicit formulations can cause significant harm to agricultural production, the environment, and non-target species. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress of a seized formulation containing the herbicide imazethapyr (IMZT). Characterization of the herbicide included gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and thermal analyses (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)). Hemolytic and cytotoxicity assays in ZF-L hepatic cells showed IC50 values of 12.75 µg/mL, 3.01 µg/mL, 2.67 µg/mL, and 1.61 µg/mL for erythrocytes, [3(4,5-dimethyl)-2 bromide-5 diphenyl tetrazolium] (MTT), neutral red (NR), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, respectively. The median IC50 of 2.84 µg/mL was used in oxidative stress assays, revealing increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced total sulfhydryl content, and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. This study is the first to report in vitro oxidative stress induced by IMZT in the ZF-L cell line, emphasizing the importance of in vitro assays for assessing the toxic effects of seized agrochemicals on human health and the environment.

关键词： Agrochemical Imidazolinone Zebrafish Cell Viability Oxidative Damage

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On the impact of grinding conditions in the flotation of semi-soluble salt-type mineral-containing ores driven by surface or particle geometry effects?

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2023年第7期33卷 855-872页

作者： Lucas pereira Nathalie Kupka Duong Huu Hoang Bruno Michaux Sondos Saquran Doreen Ebert martin Rudolph Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource TechnologyFreiberg 09599Germany Maelgwyn Mineral Services Ltd Cardiff CF244PAUnited Kingdom

Grinding and flotation processes are often studied independently, despite the well-established grinding influence on flotation performance, which affects not only particle size and thus liberation but also shape and leads to complex changes in pulp chemistry affecting the particle surface properties relevant for selective bubble attachment. Yet, no study jointly investigated these possible causes and many are limited to single mineral flotation. We relate grinding conditions to changes in pulp chemistry and particle surface properties and assess their impact on upgrading. We studied three non-sulfide ores with different feed grades and valuables: scheelite, apatite, and fluorite. These were dry-, wet-, and wet conditionedground before flotation in a laboratory mechanical cell. Results were evaluated with bulk-and particle-specific methodologies. The selectivity of the process is higher after dry grinding for the fluorite and apatite ores and irrelevant for the scheelite ore. Variations in flotation kinetics of individual particles associated to their size and shape are not sufficient to explain these results. The higher concentration of Ca2+and Mg2+observed in the pulp after wet grinding, altering particle surface properties, better explains the phenomenon. Additionally, we demonstrate how particle shape impacts are system specific and related to both entrainment and true flotation.

关键词： Grinding-flotation interactions Semi-soluble salt-type minerals Geometallurgy Particle-based separation modelling Surface interactions

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Methane production and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in children living in a slum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5932-5939页

作者： Carolina Santos Mello Soraia Tahan Lígia Cristina FL Melli Mirian Silva do Carmo Rodrigues Ricardo martin pereira de Mello Isabel Cristina Affonso Scaletsky Mauro Batista de Morais Pediatric Gastroenterology Division Federal University of Sao Paulo04039-031 Sao PauloBrazil Center Foundation Institute of Education for Osasco 06020-190 Sao PauloBrazil Infectology Division Federal University of Sao Paulo04025-010 Sao PauloBrazil Microbiology Immunology and Parasitology DivisionFederal University of Sao Paulo 04023-062 Sao PauloBrazil

AIM:To analyze small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in school-aged children and the relationship between hydrogen and methane production in breath ***:This transversal study included 85 children residing in a slum and 43 children from a private school,all aged between 6 and 10 years,in Osasco,*** characterization of the groups,data regarding the socioeconomic status and basic housing sanitary conditions were *** data was obtained in children from both *** children completed the hydrogen(H 2) and methane(CH 4) breath test in order to assess small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO).SIBO was diagnosed when there was an increase in H 2 ≥ 20 ppm or CH 4 ≥ 10 ppm with regard to the fasting value until 60 min after lactulose ***:Children from the slum group had worse living conditions and lower nutritional indices than children from the private *** was found in 30.9%(26/84) of the children from the slum group and in 2.4%(1/41) from the private school group(P = 0.0007).Greater hydrogen production in the small intestine was observed in children from the slum group when compared to children from the private school(P = 0.007).A higher concentration of hydrogen in the small intestine(P clUSION:Children who live in inadequate environmental conditions are at risk of bacterial overgrowth and methane *** is a substrate for methane production in the colon.

关键词： Bacterial overgrowth Breath test Children Colon Hydrogen Methane Small intestine

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Genomic regions and pathways associated with gastrointestinal parasites resistance in Santa Inês breed adapted to tropical climate

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 35-50页

作者： Mariana Piatto Berton Rafael Medeiros de Oliveira Silva Elisa Peripolli Nedenia Bonvino Stafuzza Jesús Fernández martin Maria Saura álvarez Beatriz Villanueva Gavina Miguel Angel Toro Georgget Banchero Priscila Silva Oliveira Joanir pereira Eler Fernando Baldi José Bento Sterman Ferraz departamento de Zootecnia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e VeterináriasUniversidade Estadual PaulistaVia de acesso Prof.Paulo Donato Castellane sno Jaboticabal SP CEP 14884 900 Brazil Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA Crta.de la Coruna km75 28040 Madrid Spain departamento de Producción Agraria School of AgriculturalFood and Byosystems EngineeringUniversisdad Politécnica de MadridCampus Ciudad Universitaria Avda.Complutense 3-Avda.Puerta Hierro 28040 Madrid Spain Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuária(INIA) Ruta 50 Kin. 12 Colonia Uruguay Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos Nucleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Melhoramento AnimalBiotecnologia e TransgeniaUniversidade de Sao Paulo Rua Duque de Caxias Norte 225 Pirassununga SP CEP 13635 900Brazil

Background： The aim of this study was to estimate variance components and to identify genomic regions and pathways associated with resistance to gastrointestinal parasites, particularly Haemonchus contortus, in a breed of sheep adapted to tropical climate. Phenotypes evaluations were performed to verify resistance to gastrointestinal parasites, and were divided into two categories： i） farm phenotypes, assessing body condition score（BCS）, degree of anemia assessed by the famacha chart（FAM）, fur score（FS） and feces consistency（FC）; and ii） lab phenotypes,comprising blood analyses for hematocrit（HCT）, white blood cell count（WBC）, red blood cell count（RBC）,hemoglobin（HGB）, platelets（PLT） and transformed（log10） egg per gram of feces（EPG_（log））. A total of 576 animals were genotyped with the Ovine SNP12k Bead Chip（Illumina, Inc.）, that contains 12,785 bialleleic SNP markers. The variance components were estimated using a single trait model by single step genomic BLUP ***： The overall linkage disequilibrium（LD） mean between pairs of markers measured by r2 was 0.23. The overall LD mean between markers considering windows up to 10 Mb was 0.07. The mean LD between adjacent SNPs across autosomes ranged from 0.02 to 0.10. Heritability estimates were low for EPG_（log）（0.11）, moderate for RBC（0.18）, PLT（0.17） HCT（0.20）, HGB（0.16） and WBC（0.22）, and high for FAM（0.35）. A total of 22, 21, 23, 20, 26, 25 and 23 windows for EPG_（log）for FAM, WBC, RBC, PLT, HCT and HGB traits were identified, respectively. Among the associated windows, 10 were shown to be common to HCT and HGB traits on OAR1, OAR2, OAR3, OAR5, OAR8 and ***： The traits indicating gastrointestinal parasites resistance presented an adequate genetic variability to respond to selection in Santa Inês breed, and it is expected a higher genetic gain for FAM trait when compared to the others. The level of LD estimated for markers separated by less than 1 Mb indicated that the Ovine SNP12k Bead Chip m

关键词： Gwas Linkage disequilibrium arasites resistance Santa Inês breed

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Chemical Characterization and Cytotoxic Activity of Antarctic Macroalgae Extracts against Colorectal Cancer

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2019年第5期9卷 167-177页

作者： Rafaele Frassini Yeslei Paulino da Silva Sidnei Moura Leonardo Zambotti Villela Aline Paternostro martins Pio Colepicolo Mutue Toyota Fujii Nair S.Yokoya claudio martin pereira de pereira Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno pereira Joao Antonio Pegas Henriques Mariana Roesch-Ely Laboratory of Genomics Proteomics and DNA RepairUniversity of Caxias do SulCaxias do SulRSBrazil Laboratory of Biosynthetic and Natural Products of Caxias do Sul Caxias do SulRSBrazil Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Algae University of Sao PauloSao PauloSPBrazil Phycologycal Research Institute of BotanySao PauloSPBrazil Laboratory of Lipidomics and Biorganic—LLipidomicaBio Federal University of PelotasPelotasRSBrazil General Hospital University of Caxias do SulCaxias do SulRSBrazil

Background/Aim: Antarctic seaweeds are considered a promising source of compounds with anticancer activity. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most incident cancers with high mortality rates worldwide. This work aimed to characterize chemically extracts of the Antarctic macroalgae Iridaea cordata, Cystosphaera jacquinotii and desmarestia anceps and to evaluate the cytotoxic effects against human colon cancer HCT 116 cell line. Materials and Methods: The extracts were obtained by depletion using an ultrasound probe and were identified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Results: Hexanic and chloroform extracts of the I. cordata and the hexanic, chloroform and methanolic extracts of D. anceps were able to inhibit growth of colorectal cancer cells in the three different incubation times (24, 48 and 72 h). Through GC analysis, 01 compounds were identified in the hexane extract and 02 compounds in the chloroform extract of the algae I. cordata. The hexane extract of D. anceps macroalgae presented 5 compounds, chloroform extract 10 and methanolic extract 3 respectively, with special highlight to fucosterol. Carotenoid analysis by HPLC identified β-carotene in all species, while zeaxanthin was present in the spectrum of I. cordata and C. jacquinotii. Fucoxanthin and violaxanthin were confirmed in the brown seaweeds C. jacquinotii and D. anceps. Conclusion: Extracts of macroalgae I. Cordata and D. anceps may be a source of therapeutic agents against CRC.

关键词： Antarctic Seaweeds Antitumor Activity Colorectal Cancer

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Quality of life, elderly and physical activity

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Health 2012年第2期4卷 88-93页

作者： Carlos Soares Pernambuco Bernardo Minelli Rodrigues Jani cleria pereira Bezerra Alessandro Carrielo André Dias de Oliveira Fernandes Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale Estelio Henrique martin Dantas Biosciences of Human Motricity Laboratory Labimh/Unirio Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Trás os Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real Portugal

The concept of quality of life is multiple concerns as a cultural, social and environmental individuality. The aim of this study was to verify the levels of quality of life in elderly practitioners of physical activity comparing a active group with a control group The sample consisted of 159 physically independent and apparently healthy individuals of either sex, with mean age of 66.61 ± 4.73 years. Active group obtained mean 14.32 ± 0.763 in whoqol’s scores for levels of quality of life, the Control group (CG) obtained mean 13.31 ± 0.94 and p-value 0.05. The ANOVA with repeated samples showed higher values for active group when compared with control group after intervention, the significant level was p < 0.05. It must be recognized that not every aspect of human life is reduced to the practice of physical activity;however, it is an important instrument that generates well-being in this age group.

关键词： Quality of Life Aged Motor Activity Exercise

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Expression of Toll-Like Receptor-2 and -4 in Amniochorion Membranes of Preterm delivery in the Presence of Histologic Chorioamnionitis

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第14期4卷 857-863页

作者： Natália Prearo Moco Laura Fernandes martin Jossimara Polettini Ana Carolina pereira José Carlos Peracoli Márcia Guimaraes da Silva department of Pathology Botucatu Medical School (FMB) Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Botucatu Medical School (FMB) Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil

Expression of Toll-like receptors at the maternal-fetal interface during normal and complicated pregnancies has aroused interest in the last few years. However, despite the importance of TLR-2 and TLR-4, which recognizes most microorganisms presenting in the amniotic cavity infections associated with prematurity, comparison of the expressions of these receptors is rare in the literature. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the gene expression between TLR-2 and TLR-4 in amniochorion membranes of pregnant women with preterm delivery in the presence of histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA). Amniochorion membranes were collected from 40 pregnant women with preterm delivery;20 presented HCA and 20 did not. Fragments of the membranes were submitted to total RNA extraction, followed by cDNA production by reverse transcription. Real time quantitative PCR was used to quantify the gene expression of the TLRs. mRNA concentrations between TLR-2 and TLR-4 were compared using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. TLR-2 expression was higher than TLR-4 expression in the presence of HCA. No difference was observed between TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression in membranes in the absence of inflammatory infiltrate. In conclusion, amniochorion membranes express TLR-2 and TLR-4 and higher TLR-2 expression in the presence of histologic chorioamnionitis suggests that microorganisms recognizable by TLR-2 play an important role in the physiopathology of preterm labor.

关键词： Preterm Labor Pregnancy Complications Innate Immunology TLR-2 TLR-4

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Forecasting the number of species of asexually reproducing fungi(Ascomycota and Basidiomycota)

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 463-490页

作者： Nalin N.Wijayawardene Alan J.L.Phillips Diana Santos pereira Dong-Qin Dai AndréAptroot Josiane S.Monteiro Irina S.Druzhinina Feng Cai Xinlei Fan Laura Selbmann claudia Coleine Rafael F.Castañeda-Ruiz martin Kukwa Adam Flakus Patricia Oliveira Fiuza Paul M.Kirk Kunhiraman C.Rajesh Kumar Ilesha S.leperuma Arachchi Nakarin Suwannarach Li-Zhou Tang Teun Boekhout Chen Shuhui Tan R.P.Prabath K.Jayasinghe Marco Thines Centre for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Section of Genetics Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social CareNo:393/3Lily AvenueOff Robert Gunawardane MawathaBattaramulla 10120Sri Lanka Faculdade de Ciências Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)Universidade de LisboaCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Laboratório de Botânica/Liquenologia Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulAvenida Costa e Silva S/NBairro UniversitárioCampo GrandeMS CEP 79070-900Brazil Coordination of Botany Museu Paraense Emílio GoeldiBelémPA 66077830Brazil Fungal Genomics Laboratory(FungiG) College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityWeigang 1Nanjing 210095JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China department of Ecological and Biological Sciences University of TusciaViterboItaly Italian National Antarctic Museum(MNA) Mycological SectionGenoaItaly Alejandro de Humboldt’(INIFAT) Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en AgriculturaTropicalSantiago de Las VegasHavanaCuba department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation Faculty of BiologyUniversity of GdańskWita Stwosza 5980-308 GdańskPoland W.Szafer Institute of Botany Polish Academy of SciencesLubicz 4631-512 KrakowPoland Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e EvoluçãoCentro de BiociênciasCampus UniversitárioAv.Senador Salgado Filho3000Lagoa NovaNatalRN 59078-970Brazil Biodiversity Informatics and Spatial Analysis Jodrell LaboratoryRoyal Botanic GardensKewRichmond TW93DSSurreyUK National Fungal Culture Collection of India(NFCCI) Biodiversity and Palaeobiology GroupMACS Agharkar Research InstituteG.G.

Asexually reproducing fungi play a significant role in essential processes in managed and wild ecosystems such as nutrients cycling and multitrophic interactions.A large number of such taxa are among the most notorious plant and animal *** addition,they have a key role in food production,biotechnology and *** without or rare sexual reproduction are distinguished based on their sporulating structures and conidiomata in traditional morphology-based *** number,variation and diversity of asexually reproducing taxa are insufficiently known,even though fungi capable of asexual reproduction may provide an untapped,rich biological resource for future ***,ca.30,000 asexual species belonging to ca.3800 genera have been reported(including 1388 coelomycetous and 2265 hyphomycetous genera).Recent reports(2017–2020)reiterate that the number of asexually producing fungi is higher than the number of frequently sexually-reproducing *** the advent of molecular tools and the abandonment of the dual nomenclature system for pleomorphic fungi,priority criteria were established and revisited in the latest outline of fungi and fungus-like ***,species numbers and taxonomic boundaries of pleomorphic taxa and their synanamorphs or synasexual morphs have yet to be *** number of species of speciose genera(***,Aspergillus,Cercospora,Fusarium,Phoma and Pseudocercospora),cryptic species,species of pleomorphic genera,less studied life modes(such as lichenicolous taxa,taxa from extreme environments)and species from biodiversity-rich areas still need evaluation to achieve more reliable estimates of their *** paper discusses the current knowledge on the matter,with diversity estimates,and potential obstacles in several chapters on(1)speciose genera;(2)pleomorphic genera;(3)cryptic species;(4)well-studied but insufficiently resolved taxa,*** inhabiting species,marine fungi,(5)less studied life modes,e.g.

关键词： Cryptic species DNA sequences Morphology Pleomorphism Speciose genera Species identificat

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Improving ITS sequence data for identification of plant pathogenic fungi

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第4期67卷 11-19页

作者： R.Henrik Nilsson Kevin D.Hyde Julia Pawlowska martin Ryberg Leho Tedersoo Anders Bjornsgard Aas Siti A.Alias Artur Alves Cajsa Lisa Anderson Alexandre Antonelli A.Elizabeth Arnold Barbara Bahnmann Mohammad Bahram Johan Bengtsson-Palme Anna Berlin Sara Branco Putarak Chomnunti Asha Dissanayake Rein Drenkhan Hanna Friberg Tobias Guldberg Froslev Bettina Halwachs martin Hartmann Beatrice Henricot Ruvishika Jayawardena Ari Jumpponen Havard Kauserud Sonja Koskela Tomasz Kulik Kare Liimatainen Bjorn D.Lindahl Daniel Lindner Jian-Kui Liu Sajeewa Maharachchikumbura Dimuthu Manamgoda Svante martinsson Maria Alice Neves Tuula Niskanen Stephan Nylinder Olinto Liparini pereira Danilo Batista Pinho Teresita M.Porter Valentin Queloz Taavi Riit Marisol Sánchez-García Filipe de Sousa Emil Stefańczyk Mariusz Tadych Susumu Takamatsu Qing Tian Dhanushka Udayanga martin Unterseher Zheng Wang Saowanee Wikee Jiye Yan Ellen Larsson Karl-Henrik Larsson Urmas Koljalg Kessy Abarenkov department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgBox 46140530 GothenburgSweden Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand department of Plant Systematics and Geography Faculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawAl.Ujazdowskie 400-478 WarsawPoland department of Organismal Biology Uppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18D75236 UppsalaSweden Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of TartuLai 40Tartu 51005Estonia Microbial Evolution Research Group University of OsloBlindernveien 310371 OsloNorway Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia department of Biology CESAMUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal School of Plant Sciences The University of Arizona1140 E South Campus DriveForbes 303TucsonAZ 85721USA Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology ASCRVídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic department of Infectious Diseases Institute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGuldhedsgatan 1041346 GoteborgSweden department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 702675007 UppsalaSweden University of California at Berkeley 321 Koshland Hall University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-3102USA Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing 100097China Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi551014 TartuEstonia Natural History Museum of denmark Øster Voldgade 5-71350 København KDenmark Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics Graz University of Technology8010 GrazAustria Core Facility Bioinformatics Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology8010 GrazAustria Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLZuercherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Molecular Ecology Institute for Sustainability SciencesAgroscopeReckenholzstrasse 191

Plant pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse assemblage of eukaryotes with substantial impacts on natural ecosystems and human *** taxa often have complex and poorly understood life cycles,lack observable,discriminatory morphological characters,and may not be amenable to in vitro *** a result,species identification is frequently ***(DNA sequence)data have emerged as crucial information for the taxonomic identification of plant pathogenic fungi,with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region being the most popular ***,international nucleotide sequence databases are accumulating numerous sequences of compromised or low-resolution taxonomic annotations and substandard technical quality,making their use in the molecular identification of plant pathogenic fungi *** we report on a concerted effort to identify high-quality reference sequences for various plant pathogenic fungi and to re-annotate incorrectly or insufficiently annotated public ITS sequences from these fungal lineages.A third objective was to enrich the sequences with geographical and ecological *** results-a total of 31,954 changes-are incorporated in and made available through the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi(http://***),including standalone FASTA files of sequence data for local BLAST searches,use in the next-generation sequencing analysis platforms QIIME and mothur,and related *** present initiative is just a beginning to cover the wide spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi,and we invite all researchers with pertinent expertise to join the annotation effort.

关键词： Phytopathogenic fungi Molecular identification ITS Taxonomy Annotation

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