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Developing and validating a nestling photographic aging guide for cavity-nesting birds: an example with the European Bee-eater(Merops apiaster)

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Avian Research 2020年第1期11卷 57-64页

作者： Joana S.costa Afonso D.Rocha Ricardo A.Correia Jose A.Alves Department of Biology&CESAM University of AveiroCampus Universitario de Santiago3810-193 AveiroPortugal Institute of Biological and Health Sciences(ICBS) Federal University of AlagoasMaceioALBrazil University of Iceland South Iceland Research CentreLindarbraut 4840 LaugarvatnIceland

Background: Accurate estimation of nestlings’ age is essential in avian demography studies as well as in population ecology and conservation. For example, it can be useful for synchronizing nest visits with events of particular interest, such as the age at which young can be safely ringed, or in choosing the best period to attain the most accurate calculation of laying or hatching ***: We constructed a photographic guide for aging European Bee-eaters(Merops apiaster) nestlings to 3-day age classes and evaluated the aging method by performing a validation exercise with several observers with no previous experience in aging bee-eater ***: The aging guide for bee-eater nestlings allowed estimating age to within 3 days with an average accuracy of 0.85. We found the optimal period for aging nestlings was between days 13-18(with accuracy between 0.94 and 0.99), during which the status of feather development was more easily distinguishable from the preceding and subsequent age classes. During the first 3 days after hatching, nestlings could also be aged with high accuracy(0.93). The small size of the nestling in relation to the eggs and the nestling’s inability to raise its head during these first days allowed for good discrimination from the subsequent age class. Between days 25 and 28, nestlings were correctly aged in only half of assignments(0.55 sensitivity) and nestlings belonging to class 7(days 7-9) were the least correctly identified(0.38 sensitivity). However, by visiting the nests at 12 days intervals it is possible to achieve the highest accuracy in age estimation with the smallest disturbance and logistic ***: This study highlighted how indirect methods and a simple protocol can be established and employed to quickly estimate nestling age in cases where handling nestlings is challenging or impossible, while minimizing disturbance in and around the nest.

关键词： Age estimation Chick development Feather growth Image guide Nest visit plumage colour

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Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress act in concert to promote neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina and optic nerve:galectin-3 participation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 625-635页

作者： Henrique Rocha Mendonca Raul Carpi-Santos Karin da costa Calaza Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Laboratorio de Neurodegeneracao e Reparo Departamento de PatologiaPrograma de Pos-graduacao em Anatomia PatologicaFaculdade de MedicinaHospital Universitrio Clementino Fraga FilhoFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil polo Universitario Macae Unidade Integrada de Pesquisa em Produtos Bioativos e BiocienciasFederal University of Rio de JaneiroMacaeBrazil Laboratorio Integrado de Morfologia Instituto de Biodiversidade e SustentabilidadeNucleo de Pesquisas Ecologicas de MacaeFederal University of Rio de JaneiroMacaeBrazil Laboratorio de Neurobiologia Celular Instituto de Ciencias BiomedicasCentro de Ciencias da SaudeFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Retina Departamento de NeurobiologiaPrograma de Pos-Graduacao em NeurocienciasFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil

Diabetes is a lifelong disease characterized by glucose metabolic imbalance,in which low insulin levels or impaired insulin signaling lead to hyperglycemic *** 20 years of diabetes progression,95%of patients will have diabetic retinopathy,the leading cause of visual defects in working-age people *** diabetes is considered a microvascular disease,recent studies have shown that neurodegeneration precedes vascular changes within the diabetic visual system,albeit its mechanisms are still under *** and oxidative stress are intrinsically related phenomena,since macrophage/microglia and astrocytes are the main sources of reactive oxygen species during central nervous system chronic degenerative diseases,and both pathological processes are increased in the visual system during *** present review will focus on recent findings of the contribution of oxidative stress derived from neuroinflammation in the early neurodegenerative aspects of the diabetic visual system and their relationship with galectin-3.

关键词： diabetes diabetic retinopathy galectin-3 neurodegeneration neuroinflammation optic nerve oxidative stress retina

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The importance of glutathione and phytochelatins on the selenite and arsenate detoxification in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 150-161页

作者： Fatai Adigun Aborode Andrea Raab Matthias Voigt Leticia Malta costa Eva M.Krupp Joerg Feldmann Trace Element Spedation Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UE Scotland UK Departamento de Quimica Uniuersidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG CEP： 31270-901 Brazil

We investigated the role of glutathione（GSH） and phytochelatins（pCs） on the detoxification of selenite using Arabidopsis thaliana. The wild-type（WT） of Arabidopsis thaliana and its mutants（glutathione deficient Cad 2–1 and phytochelatins deficient Cad 1–3） were separately exposed to varying concentrations of selenite and arsenate and jointly to both toxicants to determine their sensitivities. The results of the study revealed that, the mutants were about 20-fold more sensitive to arsenate than the WT, an indication that the GSH and pCs affect arsenate detoxification. On the contrary, the WT and both mutants showed a similar level of sensitivity to selenite, an indication that the GSH and pCs do not significantly affect selenite detoxification. However, the WT is about 8 times more sensitive to selenite than to arsenate, and the mutants were more resistant to selenite than arsenate by a factor of 2. This could not be explained by the accumulation of both elements in roots and shoots in exposure experiments. The co-exposure of the WT indicates a synergistic effect with regards to toxicity since selenite did not induce pCs but arsenic and selenium compete in their pC binding as revealed by speciation analysis of the root extracts using HpLC–ICp–MS/ESI–MS. In the absence of pCs an antagonistic effect has been detected which might suggest indirectly that the formation of Se glutathione complex prevent the formation of detrimental selenopeptides. This study, therefore, revealed that pC and GSH have only a subordinate role in the detoxification of selenite.

关键词： Toxicity phytochelatins Glutathione Selenopeptides ICp–MS ESI–MS Arabidopsis thaliana

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Geastrum echinulatum and ***(Geastraceae,Basidiomycota)-two new records for Central America

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Studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 14-20页

作者： Freitas-Neto JF Sousa JO Ovrebo cl Baseia IG Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteNatalRio Grande do Norte59072-970 Brazil programa de pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteNatalRio Grande do Norte59072-970 Brazil Department of Biology University Central Oklahoma EdmondOklahoma73034 U.S.A.

present work describes two new records of Geastrum species from Central America,Geastrum echinulatum(costa Rica)and ***,(p.nama).Identification of species confirmed based on the macro-and micro-morphological analyses and the published literature of the two *** photographs,macroscopic and microscopic characteristics,taxonomic observations and a map of collection sites are provided.

关键词： Biodiversity Earthstars Fungi Geastrales Taxonomy

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performance of masonry enclosure walls:lessons learned from recent earthquakes

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2012年第1期11卷 23-34页

作者： Romeu Silva Vicente Hugo Rodrigues Humberto Varum Aníbal costa Jos António Raimundo Mendes da Silva University of Aveiro Civil Engineering Department Campus Universitario de SantiagoAveiroPT3810-193Portugal University of Coimbra Civil Engineering Pinhal de MarrocosPolo ⅡCoimbraPT3030Portugal

This paper discusses the issue of performance requirements and construction criteria for masonry enclosure and infill walls. Vertical building enclosures in European countries are very often constituted by non-load-bearing masonry walls, using horizontally perforated clay bricks. These walls are generally supported and confined by a reinforced concrete frame structure of columns and beams/slabs. Since these walls are commonly considered to be nonstructural elements and their influence on the structural response is ignored, their consideration in the design of structures as well as their connection to the adjacent structural elements is frequently negligent or insufficiently detailed. As a consequence, nonstructural elements, as for wall enclosures, are relatively sensitive to drift and acceleration demands when buildings are subjected to seismic actions. Many international standards and technical documents stress the need for design acceptability criteria for nonstructural elements, however they do not specifically indicate how to prevent collapse and severe cracking, and how to enhance the overall stability in the case of moderate to high seismic loading. Furthermore, a review of appropriate measures to improve enclosure wall performance and both in-plane and out-of-plane integrity under seismic actions is addressed.

关键词： RC structures masonry enclosure walls infill walls in-plane out-of-plane cracking performanceimprovement

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Elastic Aerogels of Cellulose nanofibers@Metal–Organic Frameworks for Thermal Insulation and Fire Retardancy

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nano-Micro Letters 2020年第1期12卷 102-114页

作者： Shengyang Zhou Varvara Apostolopoulou‑Kalkavoura Marcus Vinicius Tavares da costa Lennart Bergstrom Maria Stromme Chao Xu nanotechnology and Functional Materials Department of Engineering SciencesAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden Applied Mechanics Department of Engineering SciencesAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden

Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)with high microporosity and relatively high thermal stability are potential thermal insulation and flame-retardant ***,the difficulties in processing and shaping MOFs have largely hampered their applications in these *** study outlines the fabrication of hybrid CNF@MOF aerogels by a stepwise assembly approach involving the coating and cross-linking of cellulose nanofibers(CNFs)with continuous nanolayers of *** cross-linking gives the aerogels high mechanical strength but superelasticity(80%maximum recoverable strain,high specific compression modulus of^200 Mpa cm3 g−1,and specific stress of^100 Mpa cm3 g−1).The resultant lightweight aerogels have a cellular network structure and hierarchical porosity,which render the aerogels with relatively low thermal conductivity of^40 mW m−1 K−*** hydrophobic,thermally stable MOF nanolayers wrapped around the CNFs result in good moisture resistance and fire *** study demonstrates that MOFs can be used as efficient thermal insulation and flame-retardant *** presents a pathway for the design of thermally insulating,superelastic fire-retardant nanocomposites based on MOFs and nanocellulose.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks nanocellulose Superelastic aerogel Thermal insulation Fire retardancy

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Hole-doping induced ferromagnetism in 2D materials

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2180-2189页

作者： Ruishen Meng Lino da costa pereira Jean-pierre Locquet Valeri Afanas’ev Geoffrey pourtois Michel Houssa Department of physics and Astronomy KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200DLeuvenB-3001Belgium imec Kapeldreef 75B-3001LeuvenBelgium

Two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetic materials are considered as promising candidates for the future generations of spintronic ***,2D materials with intrinsic ferromagnetism are ***,high-throughput first-principles simulations are performed to screen 2D materials that present a non-magnetic to a ferromagnetic transition upon hole doping.A global evolutionary search is subsequently performed to identify alternative possible atomic structures of the eligible candidates,and 122 materials exhibiting a hole-doping induced ferromagnetism are *** energetic and dynamic stability,as well as magnetic properties under hole doping are investigated *** of these 2D materials are metal halides,followed by chalcogenides,oxides,and nitrides,some of them having predicted Curie temperatures above 300 *** exchange interactions responsible for the ferromagnetic order are also *** work not only provides theoretical insights into hole-doped 2D ferromagnetic materials,but also enriches the family of 2D magnetic materials for possible spintronic applications.

关键词： ferromagnetic doping materials

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Impact of train speed on the mechanical behaviours of track-bed materials

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第5期9卷 818-829页

作者： Francisco Lamas-Lopez Yu-Jun Cui Nicolas Calon Sofia costa D’Aguiar Tongwei Zhang Laboratoire navier/CERMES Ecole des Ponts ParisTech Marne-la-Vallée 77455 France Département Ligne Voie et Environnement SNCF-Engineering La Plaine St. Denis 93574 France Division Auscultation Modélisation & Mesures SNCF-Research & Development Paris 75012 France

For the 30,000 km long French conventional railway lines(94% of the whole network),the train speed is currently limited to 220 km/h,whilst the speed is 320 km/h for the 1800 km long high-speed ***,there is a growing need to improve the services by increasing the speed limit for the conventional *** paper aims at studying the influence of train speed on the mechanical behaviours of track-bed materials based on field monitoring *** is put on the behaviours of interlayer and subgrade *** selected experimental site is located in Vierzon,*** sensors including accelerometers and soil pressure gauges were installed at different *** vertical strains of different layers can be obtained by integrating the records of accelerometers installed at different trackbed *** experimentation was carried out using an intercity test train running at different speeds from 60 km/h to 200 km/*** test train was composed of a locomotive(22.5 Mg/axle) and 7 'Corail'coaches(10.5 Mg/axle).It was observed that when the train speed was raised,the loadings transmitted to the track-bed ***,the response of the track-bed materials was amplified by the speed rise at different depths:the vertical dynamic stress was increased by about 10% when the train speed was raised from 60 km/h to 200 km/h for the locomotive loading,and the vertical strains doubled their quasistatic values in the shallow ***,the stressestrain paths were estimated using the vertical stress and strain for each train *** loading paths allowed the resilient modulus Mrto be *** was found that the resilient modulus(M_r) was decreased by about 10% when the train speed was increased from 100 km/h to 200 km/***,the damping ratio(D_r) kept stable in the range of speeds explored.

关键词： Field experimentation Conventional track-bed materials Train speed upgrade Mechanical behaviours Reversible modulus Damping ratio

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What is the value of eucalyptus monocultures for the biodiversity of the Atlantic forest? A multitaxa study in southern Bahia, Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 263-272页

作者： pedro Luís Bernardo da Rocha Blandina Felipe Viana Márcio Zikán Cardoso Amada Mariana costa de Melo Misonete Gueidneli Cavalcanti costa Rodrigo Nogueira de Vasconcelos Tatiana Bichara Dantas Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal da Bahia. Rua Bar o de Jeremoabo

Eucalyptus plantations are increasing in Brazil, frequently replacing pastures, but there is still scarce information about its capacity to maintain the fauna of neighbor forest remnants. In this study, we compared descriptors of the communities of leaf litter organisms （lizards, anurans, myriapods, arachnids, orthopterans, coleopterans, and ants） between a large remnant of primary Atlantic Forest and an adjacent eucalyptus monoculture （phase 1）. Then, we compared the same descriptors for leaf litter lizards and anurans, Euglossini bees, and frugivorous butterflies among the largest remnant, small remnants at intermediate regeneration stage, and eucalyptus monocultures that were not adjacent to the largest remnant （phase 2）. Monocultures were sampled immediately before logging. In phase 1, we detected significant differences in structure between the forest and the monoculture in six out of seven communities sampled. Ca. 81% of the species of the landscape were recorded in the forest, but only 54% of these were found also in the monoculture. In phase 2, the structure of two out of four forest communities was significantly different from the structure of small remnants and monocultures. On average, 76% of the species found in the whole landscape were sampled in the forest. Out of this subset, on average 74% of the species were also sampled in small remnants and 68% in monocultures. Findings of the present study point out a moderate capacity of eucalyptus monocultures to harbor species of the forest fauna even when fully grown but highlights the opportunity that they might offer for increasing connectivity in anthropogenic forest landscapes depending on their management.

关键词： Atlantic forest monoculture biodiversity

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SIR model applied in dynamics of COVID-19 contagion in S˜ao Lu´ıs-MA,Brazil

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2021年第3期12卷 99-111页

作者： Felix Silva costa Italo Jose Lima De Sousa Jose Adson Reis Santos Department of Mathematics and Informatics State University of Maranhao Sao Luıs MA 65054-970Brazil

The dynamics of COVID-19 contagion investigated in S˜ao Lu′ıs-MA,Brazil,is based on the SIR model.S˜ao Lu′ıs was the first city in Brazil to implement the lockdown to control the *** SIR model’s definition and properties are presented in addition to the ways of estimating its *** estimation of their values is due to a database released on the Maranh˜ao State Health Department website during the period March 20 to July 2,*** analysis of the proliferation of the disease shows the evolution of the COVID-19 in the *** graphs illustrate that result.

关键词： COVID-19 population dynamics SIR model

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