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Pollen analysis reveals the effects of uncovered interactions,pollen-carrying structures,and pollinator sex on the structure of wild bee-plant networks

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 971-988页

作者： clément Tourbez Carmelo Gómez-martínez miguelÁngel Gonzalez-Estévez Amparo lazaro mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies(UIB-CSIC) Global Change Research GroupEsporlesBalearic IslandsSpain Department of Biology Ecology AreaUniversity of the Balearic/slandsPalmaSpain

Pollination networks are increasingly used to model the complexity of interactions between pollinators and flowering plants in *** methods exist to sample these interactions,with direct observations of plant-pollinator contacts in the field being by far the most *** the identification of pollen carried by pollinators allows uncovering interactions and increasing sample sizes,the methods used to build pollen-transport networks are variable and their effect on network structure remains *** understand how interaction sampling influences the structure of networks,we analyzed the pollen found on wild bees from eight communities across mallorca Island and investigated the differences in pollen loads between bee body parts(scopa ***)and *** then assessed how these differences,as well as the uncovered interactions not detected in the field,influenced the structure of wild bee-plant *** identified a higher quantity and diversity of pollen in the scopa than in the rest of the female body,but these differences did not lead to differences in structure between plant-pollination(excluding scopa pollen)and bee-feeding interaction(including scopa pollen)***,networks built with pollen data were richer in plant species and interactions and showed lower modularity and specialization(H2'),and higher nestedness than visitation networks based on field *** interactions with plants were stronger compared to those of males,although not ***,females were more generalist(low d')and tended to be more central in interaction networks,indicating their more key role structuring pollination networks in comparison to *** study highlights the importance of palynological data to increase the resolution of networks,as well as to understand important ecological questions such as the differences between plant-pollination and bee-feeding interaction networks,and the role of sexes in pollination.

关键词： palynology pollen-transport networks pollination role of bee sexes sampling methodology visitation networks

Quantitative Comparative Study of the Performance of lossless Compression methods Based on a Text Data model

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第7期14卷 1944-1962页

作者： Namogo Silué Sié Ouattara mouhamadou Dosso Alain clément laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Communication et de lInformation (lSTCI) Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire UFR mathmatique-Informatique Ecole Doctorale Sciences-Technologie et Agriculture Durable (ED STAD) Universit Felix Houphout-Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Ecole de Gomatique et du Territoire (EGT) Abidjan Cte dIvoire lARIS SFR MATHSTIC Universit dAngers Angers France

Data compression plays a key role in optimizing the use of memory storage space and also reducing latency in data transmission. In this paper, we are interested in lossless compression techniques because their performance is exploited with lossy compression techniques for images and videos generally using a mixed approach. To achieve our intended objective, which is to study the performance of lossless compression methods, we first carried out a literature review, a summary of which enabled us to select the most relevant, namely the following: arithmetic coding, lZW, Tunstall’s algorithm, RlE, BWT, Huffman coding and Shannon-Fano. Secondly, we designed a purposive text dataset with a repeating pattern in order to test the behavior and effectiveness of the selected compression techniques. Thirdly, we designed the compression algorithms and developed the programs (scripts) in matlab in order to test their performance. Finally, following the tests conducted on relevant data that we constructed according to a deliberate model, the results show that these methods presented in order of performance are very satisfactory:- lZW- Arithmetic coding- Tunstall algorithm- BWT + RlElikewise, it appears that on the one hand, the performance of certain techniques relative to others is strongly linked to the sequencing and/or recurrence of symbols that make up the message, and on the other hand, to the cumulative time of encoding and decoding.

关键词： Arithmetic Coding BWT Compression Ratio Comparative Study Compression Techniques Shannon-Fano Huffman lossless Compression lZW Performance Redundancy RlE Text Data Tunstall

5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling:historical perspectives,factors infiuencing the detection,toxicity,and its implications in the neurogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 302-308页

作者： Joaquín martí-clúa Unidad de Citología e Histología.Departament de Biologia Cel·lular de Fisiologia i d’Immunologia.Facultad de Biociencias.Institut de Neurociències.Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

The halopyrimidine 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine(BrdU)is an exogenous marker of DNA *** the introduction of monoclonal antibodies against BrdU,an increasing number of methodologies have been used for the immunodetection of this synthesized bromine-tagged base analogue into replicating *** labeling is widely used for identifying neuron precursors and following their fate during the embryonic,perinatal,and adult neurogenesis in a variety of vertebrate species including birds,reptiles,and *** to BrdU toxicity,its incorporation into replicating DNA presents adverse consequences on the generation,survival,and settled patterns of *** may lead to false results and misinterpretation in the identification of proliferative *** this review,I will indicate the detrimental effects of this nucleoside during the development of the central nervous system,as well as the reliability of BrdU labeling to detect proliferating ***,it will show factors influencing BrdU immunodetection and the contribution of this nucleoside to the study of prenatal,perinatal,and adult *** adult neurogenesis will also be *** is my hope that this review serves as a reference for those researchers who focused on detecting cells that are in the synthetic phase of the cell cycle.

关键词： 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine adult neurogenesis human adult neurogenesis labeling pitfalls prenatal neurogenesis proliferation S-phase suturing S-phase toxicity

Benzothiadiazole-based materials for organic solar cells

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Chinese Chemical letters 2024年第1期35卷 3-15页

作者： Qiang Bei Bei Zhang Kaifeng Wang Shiming Zhang Guichuan Xing clément Cabanetos Key laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KlOFE)&Institute of Advanced materials(IAm) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Jiangsu Seenbom Flexible Electronics Institute Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210043China Institute of Applied Physics and materials Engineering University of MacaoMacao SAR 999078China University of Angers Angers 49045France Building Blocks for Future Electronics laboratory(2BFUEl) IRL2002CNRS-Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea

The past few years have witnessed power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs)skyrocketing to the value of 20%due to the outstanding advantages of organic photoactive *** latter,which consist of donor and acceptor materials,indeed play important roles in OSCs,and particularly one building block has attracted considerable research attention,namely benzothiadiazole(BT).The diversity of OSCs based on the BT structure have indeed sprung up,and the progressive increase in PCE values is more than just eye-catching since it heralds a renewal and bright future of *** review analyzes significant studies that have led to these remarkable progresses and focuses on the most effective BT small-molecules and BT polymers for OSC reported in the last *** pivotal structure-property relationships,donor-acceptor matching criteria,and morphology control approaches are gathered and discussed in this ***,we summarize the remaining challenges and offer a personal perspective on the future advance and improvement of OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Benzothiadiazole Donor Acceptor Polymer Non-fullerene acceptors

Fast internal preheating of 4680 lithium-ion batteries in cold environments

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8794-8802页

作者： Chuyue Guan Harrison Szeto Olivia Wander Vijay Kumar Raphaele Jclément Yangying Zhu Department of mechanical Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Department of materials University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

lithium-ion batteries are expected to operate within a narrow temperature window around room temperature for optimal performance and ***,in cold environments,electric vehicle battery packs must be extensively preheated prior to charge or ***,conventional preheating is accomplished externally,which is slow and thus significantly increases charging ***,internal heating has been demonstrated as a potential solution to quickly and uniformly preheat a lithium-ion pouch ***,internal heating has not been evaluated in other battery formats such as cylindrical *** this work,we present a numerical model of a 4680 battery with internal heaters for fast preheating in cold *** effects that the number of heater layers,heating duration,resting duration,environmental temperature,and boundary heat transfer coefficient have on the temperature heterogeneity of the battery were *** results show that internal heating alone reduces the temperature variation within the battery by a factor of 5 compared to external heating,and by a factor of 20 when combining internal and external *** study further proves that internal preheating of lithium-ion batteries is a promising thermal management strategy,and provides guidance on potential design considerations and heating protocols to implement internal heating.

关键词： lithium-ion battery 4680 battery thermal management internal battery preheating COmSOl multiphysics thermal simulation battery temperature heterogeneity

Influence of Production Factors on the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Fermented Cassava Dough and Sensory Evaluation of Attieke

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 361-376页

作者： Weiléko Hélène Dougba Djedjro clément Akmel Emmanuel Aya Diane Boudouin Dibi Nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo laboratory of Industrial Processes for Environmental Synthesis and New Energies Institut National Polytechnique F&#233lix Yamoussoukro C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Department of Agro-Food and Food Industries UFR Agriculture Fisheries Resources and Agro-Industry University of San-Pedro San-Pedro C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Attieke is an Ivorian semolina which obtained by fermenting, pressing and steaming cassava dough. Attieke production remains a traditional activity carried out by less literate women. However, perceived differences in measurable factors and attieke qualities require an investigation of their influence on the characteristics of the pressed dough and attieke. The aim of this study is to improve the quality of the dough in relation to that of the attieke produced. The experiment was carried out on 4 production factors, namely the type of boiled or braised ferment, the incorporation rate of the ferment between 8 and 10%, the addition of oil from 0.1 to 1% and the fermentation time from 12 to 15 hours applied to the Improved African Cassava (IAC) variety. A complete experiment design of 16 samples of fermented dough and attieke was employed. These samples underwent physic-chemical analyses for the fermented dough and sensory evaluation for the attieke. It was found that, except for titratable acidity, reducing sugar content and ash content, the physico-chemical characteristics of the dough of IAC variety were significantly influenced by all production factors and their interaction. Fermentation time significantly influences 60% of the physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented dough. The type of ferment, the oil addition and the ferment rate have a significant influence at 40% of these characteristics. At the sensory level, color, acidity and grain binding with an explained variance of 34.60% were essential for the appreciation of the attieke samples. Thus, these production factors could be considered for the improvement of the fermented dough and attieke production process.

关键词： Influence Production Fermented Dough Attieke

Determinants of the low Proportion of Pregnant Women Seen for First-Trimester Prenatal Care at KoudougouUrban medical Center, Burkina-Faso

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第8期14卷 421-432页

作者： Swanfani Talardia André Thiombiano Nestor Bationo Ziemlé clément meda Iliassa Sawadogo léa Yameogo Cécile Sanou Dieudonné Soubeiga Institut de Formation et de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Science de la Sant et de lEducation (IFRISSE) Ouagadougou et Ecole Nationale de Sant Publique (ENSP) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Public Health Universit Joseph Ki-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Institut supRieur des Sciences de la Sant (INSSA) de lUniversit Nazi Boni et Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou (CHUSS) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Direction Rgionale de la Sant et de lHygine Publique des Hauts Bassins Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Direction Rgionale de la Sant et de lHygine Publique du Centre Ouest Koudougou Burkina Faso Ecole Nationale de Sant Publique Direction Rgionale de Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Antenatal care (ANC) contributes to the reduction of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The study aimed to investigate the determinants of the low proportion of pregnant women seen for first antenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy at the urban medical center of Koudougou, Burkina Faso. materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data collection from June 08 to August 18, 2021. It involved a sample of 302 participants including 280 pregnant women and 22 maternity providers. Semi-structured individual interviews, non-participant observation, and a literature review were used. Results: Pregnant women age 20 and over, knowledge of the date of their last menstrual period, and knowledge of the antenatal care calendar were associated with coming into contact (1) with Antenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy. In addition, there was a lack of availability of antenatal care services, inadequate reception of clients, and shortages of health products. Conclusion: There is a need to revisit strategies for communicating with women about ANC, reorganizing ANC services, and improving ANC services.

关键词： least Risk maternity maternal and Neonatal Health maternal and Neonatal mortality maternal and Neonatal morbidity Reception

Characterization and Geotechnical classification of Soils and lateritic Gravelly materials along the Songololo-lufu Road Axis (Kongo Central Province, DR Congo)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 355-372页

作者： Jean-luc Albini Tshupa Blaise mutombo Kabulu Ivon Ndala Tshiwisa clément N’zau Umba-Di-mbudi Geo-Hydro-Energy Research Group Geosciences Department Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Geosciences Department Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Geological and mining Research Center (CRGm) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Polytechnic Faculty President Joseph Kasa-Vubu University Boma Democratic Republic of Congo

This study aims to characterize from a geotechnical point of view, the soils as well as the lateritic gravels along the Songololo-lufu road route in the Kongo Central Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Ten soil samples and eight lateritic gravel samples were analysed and tested in the laboratory. For each sample, identification parameters were determined such as particle size analysis, natural water content, Atterberg limits (plasticity index and consistency index), but also compaction and lift parameters such as optimal water content, maximum dry density and CBR lift index. All materials and soils have been classified according to the Congolese Road Standard (NRC) and according to the American HRB classification. The test results show us that clay soils almost always contain between 70% and 90% fine fraction;the grained fraction represents less than 30% in clay samples. For lateritic gravels soils, the percentage of fine elements varies between 35% and 15%;in sand around 20%;the gravelly fraction represents a little more than 50% of the soil. The majority of soil facies encountered define a plasticity index lower than 15. As for the consistency index, we obtained values greater than 1, both for clayey soils and for gravelly soils. The classification according to NRC defined for these soils the types Ae1 and Ae2 for the clayey facies and the types Gl1 and Gl2 for the gravelly soils, while that of the HRB identified the classes and subclasses A-6 and A-7-6 for clayey soils, and subclass A-2-6 for gravelly soils. The optimal water content values obtained range between 10.2% and 23.10%;the maximum dry densities are between 1.66 and 2.07 t/m3 and the CBR index is between 6 and 26. As for the lateritic gravels materials of the Songololo region, the percentage of fine elements generally remains between 12% and 31%;the plasticity index is between 8 and 18;the optimal dry density is around 2 t/m3;the optimal water content is between 9.

关键词： Songololo-lufu lateritic Gravels classification Geotechnical NRC

New Approach to Rock classification Based on Sparse Representations

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 145-158页

作者： Wognin Joseph Vangah Bi G. Théodore Toa Alico Nango Jerôme Ouattara Sie Alain clément Unité de Recherche et d’expertise Numérique (UREN) Université Virtuelle de C&#244te d’Ivoire (UVCI) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire UFR Sciences et technologique Département de Physique Université polytechnique de Man (UPM) Man C&#244te d’Ivoire classe Préparatoire des Grandes Ecoles (CPGE) Université de San Pédro (USP) San Pédro C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut National Polytechnique Houphouë t (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes (lARIS) Institut Universitaire de Technologie (IUT) Université d’Angers Angers France

In geology, classification and lithological recognition of rocks plays an important role in the area of oil and gas exploration, mineral exploration and geological analysis. In other fields of activity such as construction and decoration, this classification makes sense and fully plays its role. However, this classification is slow, approximate and subjective. Automatic classification curbs this subjectivity and fills this gap by offering methods that reflect human perception. We propose a new approach to rock classification based on direct-view images of rocks. The aim is to take advantage of feature extraction methods to estimate a rock dictionary. In this work, we have developed a classification method obtained by concatenating four (4) K-SVD variants into a single signature. This method is based on the K-SVD algorithm combined with four (4) feature extraction techniques: DCT, Gabor filters, D-AlBPCSF and G-AlBPCSF, resulting in the four (4) variants named K-Gabor, K-DCT, KD-AlBPCSF and KD-AlBPCSF respectively. In this work, we developed a classification method obtained by concatenating four (4) variants of K-SVD. The performance of our method was evaluated on the basis of performance indicators such as accuracy with other 96% success rate.

关键词： Rock Recognition Dictionary Signature Color Texture K-SVD Variants KD-AlBPCSF Et KG-AlBPCSF