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Cervical cancer screening:A never-ending developing program

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第7期3卷 614-624页

作者： ciro comparetto Franco Borruto Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology City HospitalAzienda Obstetrics and Gynecology Princess Grace Hospital

With the term "oncological screening", we define the overall performances made to detect early onset of tumors. These tests are conducted on a population that does not have any signs or symptoms related to a neoplasm. The whole population above a certain age, only one sex, only subjects with a high risk of developing cancer due to genetic, professional, discretionary reasons may be involved. Screening campaigns should be associated, when risk factors that can be avoided are known, with campaigns for the prevention of cancer by means of suitable behavior. The goal of cancer screening cannot however be limited to the diagnosis of a greater number of neoplasms. Screening will be useful only if it leads to a reduction in overall mortality or at least in mortality related to the tumor. Screening should then allow the diagnosis of the disease at a stage when there is a possibility of healing, possibility that is instead difficult when the disease is diagnosed at the appearance of signs or symptoms. This is the reason why not all campaigns of cancer screening have the same effectiveness. In Italy, every year there are about 150000 deaths due to cancer. Some of these tumors can be cured with a very high percentage of success if diagnosed in time. Cervical cancer can be diagnosed with non-invasive tests. The screening test used all over the world is Papanicolaou(Pap) test. This test may be carried out over the entire healthy population potentially exposed to the risk of contracting cancer. Public health has begun the screening campaigns in the hope of saving many of the approximately 270000 new cases of cancer reported each year. Screening is done following protocols that guarantee quality at the national level: these protocols are subject to change over time to reflect new realities or to correct any errors in the system. A simplified sketch of a possible route of cancer screening is as follows:(1) after selecting the target population, for example all women between 25 and

关键词： Cervical cancer Screening Papanicolaoutest Human papillomavirus test Vaccination

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Corneal collagen cross-linking in patients with keratoconus from the Dresden protocol to customized solutions:theoretical basis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 951-962页

作者： ciro Caruso Luca D’Andrea Mario Troisi Michele Rinaldi Raffaele Piscopo Salvatore Troisi ciro Costagliola Corneal Transplant Center Pellegrini HospitalVia Portamedina alla Pignasecca 41Napoli 80127Italy Eye Clinic Department of NeurosciencesReproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy Public Health Department University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy Salerno Hospital University Ophthalmologic UnitBaronissiCampania 84131Italy

Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning,corneal protrusion,progressive irregular astigmatism,corneal fibrosis,and visual *** therapeutic options regarding improvement of visual function include glasses or soft contact lenses correction for initial stages,gas-permeable rigid contact lenses,scleral lenses,implantation of intrastromal corneal ring or corneal transplants for most advanced *** keratoconus cases showing disease progression corneal collagen crosslinking(CXL)has been proven to be an effective,minimally invasive and safe *** consists of a photochemical reaction of corneal collagen by riboflavin stimulation with ultraviolet A radiation,resulting in stromal crosslinks *** aim of this review is to carry out an examination of CXL methods based on theoretical basis and mathematical models,from the original Dresden protocol to the most recent developments in the technique,reporting the changes proposed in the last 15y and examining the advantages and disadvantages of the various treatment ***,the limits of non-standardized methods and the perspectives offered by a customization of the treatment are highlighted.

关键词： corneal collagen cross linking keratoconus custom fast protocol Dresden protocol lambert-beer law Bunsen-roscoe law

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Natural Gas Power Plants in the System Security Role—The Situation and Solutions in Brazil

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Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 151-178页

作者： ciro Galvão Hirdan Katarina de Medeiros Costa Eduardo Guedes Pereira Edmilson Moutinho dos Santos Dorel Soares Ramos Polytechnic School (EP) University of S&#227o Paulo S&#227o Paulo Brazil Institute of Energy and Environment (IEE) University of S&#227o Paulo S&#227o Paulo Brazil

This study aims to apply a methodology to analyze the regulatory obstacles for the development of thermal power plants in a country. The study uses Brazil as an application case, although mostly of the findings can be useful to other countries. It also discusses other policies and actions by the government that may contribute to the growth of natural gas-fired power plants. Using deductive and comparative research methods, the first part of this method focuses on the stage of thermoelectric power generation in Brazil. The subsequent sections present the role of the integration of gas and electricity sectors, the main obstacles to the expansion of natural-gas power generation, how the country has deal with the expansion of natural-gas power generation, as well as how other obstacles has been faced. In raising the research question, when comparing the research results of selected countries, it should be noticed the impact that the experience and lessons elsewhere have had on policies formulation on Brazil. Our conclusions pointed out that adequate policies for the natural gas-electricity Brazilian market integration make advisable the unification of electricity and natural gas agencies. We recommended developing a mathematical model to support decision-making on natural gas and electricity integration.

关键词： Component Formatting Style Styling Insert

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SARS-CoV-2 spike protein:flexibility as a new target for fighting infection

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 321-323页

作者： ciro Leonardo Pierri Laboratory of Biochemistry Molecular and Structural BiologyDepartment of BiosciencesBiotechnologiesBiopharmaceuticsUniversity of BariVia E.Orabona470125 BariItaly BROWSer S.r.l.(https://***/)c/o Department of Biosciences BiotechnologiesBiopharmaceuticsUniversity“Aldo Moro”of BariVia E.Orabona470126 BariItaly

The recent study of Turoňováet al.,is the first to combine cryoelectron tomography,subtomogram averaging,and molecular dynamics simulations for analyzing the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in situ,1 *** t... 详细信息

关键词： al infection fighting

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On the classification of OADP varieties

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Science China Mathematics 2011年第8期54卷 1561-1575页

作者： CILIBERTO ciro RUSSO Francesco Dipartimento di Matematica Università di Roma Tor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica00133 RomaItaly Dipartimento di Matematica Università di CataniaViale A.Doria 695125 CataniaItaly

The main purpose of this paper is to show that OADP varieties stand at an important crossroad of various main streets in different disciplines like projective geometry,birational geometry and *** is a good reason for studying and classifying *** specific results are:(a) the classification of all OADP surfaces (regardless to their smoothness);(b) the classification of a relevant class of normal OADP varieties of any dimension,which includes interesting examples like lagrangian *** Pirio and Russo (Comm Math Helv,to appear),the equivalence of the classification in (b) with the one of quadro-quadric Cremona transformations and of complex,unitary,cubic Jordan algebras are explained.

关键词： apparent double points tangential projective cubic Jordan algebra

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A Second Order Finite-Difference Ghost-Point Method for Elasticity Problems on Unbounded Domains with Applications to Volcanology

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第9期16卷 983-1009页

作者： Armando Coco Gilda Currenti ciro Del Negro Giovanni Russo Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali Universita di Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly. Bristol University Queens RoadBristol BS81RJUnited Kingdom. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Italy. Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica Universita di CataniaCataniaItaly

We propose a finite-difference ghost-point approach for the numerical solution of Cauchy-Navier equations in linear elasticity problems on arbitrary unbounded *** technique is based on a smooth coordinate transformation,which maps an unbounded domain into a unit *** geometries are defined by suitable level-set *** equations are discretized by classical nine-point stencil on interior points,while boundary conditions and high order reconstructions are used to define the field variables at ghost-points,which are grid nodes external to the domain with a neighbor inside the *** linear system arising from such discretization is solved by a multigrid *** approach is then applied to solve elasticity problems in volcanology for computing the displacement caused by pressure *** method is suitable to treat problems in which the geometry of the source often changes(explore the effects of different scenarios,or solve inverse problems in which the geometry itself is part of the unknown),since it does not require complex re-meshing when the geometry is *** numerical tests are successfully performed,which asses the effectiveness of the present approach.

关键词： Linear elasticity Cauchy-Navier equations ground deformation unbounded domain coordinate transformation method Cartesian grid ghost points level-set methods multigrid.

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Benign penile skin anomalies in children:a primer for pediatricians

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第4期11卷 316-323页

作者： Marco Castagnetti Mike Leonard Luis Guerra ciro Esposito Marcello Cimador Section of Pediatric Urology Urology UnitUniversity Hospital of PadovaPaduaItaly Department of Surgery Division of Pediatric UrologyChildren's Hospital of Eastern OntarioUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada Department of Pediatrics Federico II University of NaplesItaly Section of Pediatric Urology and Pediatric Surgery Unit Department for Mother&Child Care and UrologyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly

Background:Abnormalities involving the skin coverage of the penis are diffi cult to defi ne,but they can significantly alter penile appearance,and be a cause of parental *** sources:The present review was based on a non-systematic search of the English language medical literature using a combination of key words including"penile skin anomalies"and the specific names of the different ***:Conditions were addressed in the following order,those mainly affecting the prepuce(phimosis,balanitis xerotica obliterans,balanitis,paraphimosis),those which alter penile configuration(inconspicuous penis and penile torsion),and lastly focal lesions(cysts,nevi and vascular lesions).Most of these anomalies are congenital,have no or minimal influence on urinary function,and can be detected on clinical *** improvement is *** the majority of cases undergoing surgery,the potential psychological implications of genital malformation on patient development are the main reason for treatment,and the age generally recommended for surgery is after 12 months of ***:This review provides the pediatrician with a handy tool to identify the most common penile skin anomalies,counsel parents adequately,make sensible and evidence based choices for management,and recognize complications or untoward outcomes in patients undergoing surgery.

关键词： balanitis xerotica obliterans foreskin penis phimosis

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Neuroinflammation and glial activation in the central nervous system: a metabolic perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1025-1026页

作者： Assunta Virtuoso ciro De Luca Sohaib Ali Korai Michele Papa Giovanni Cirillo Division of Human Anatomy Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Networks and Systems BiologyDepartment of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly

Decades of research in glial biology have investigated mechanisms of neuro-glial interplay,demonstrating that neurons and glia intimately cooperate for energy metabolism in the central nervous system(CNS)(Magistretti ... 详细信息

关键词： metabolism inflammation system

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Biliary complications after liver transplantation:current perspectives and future strategies

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 76-92页

作者： Bianca Magro Matteo Tacelli Alessandra Mazzola Filomena Conti ciro Celsa Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Dipartimento di Promozione della SaluteMaterno-InfantileMedicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza(PROMISE)University of PalermoPalermoItaly Service d'Hépatologie et Transplantation Hépatique Hôpital de la PitiéSalpétrièreAP-HPParisFrance

Importance:Liver transplantation(LT)is a life-saving therapy for patients with end-stage liver disease and with acute liver failure,and it is associated with excellent outcomes and survival rates at 1 and 5 *** incidence of biliary complications(BCs)after LT is reported to range from 5%to 20%,most of them occurring in the first three months,although they can occur also several years after ***:The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidences on pathophysiology,risk factors,diagnosis and therapeutic management of BCs after *** Review:a literature review was performed of papers on this topic focusing on risk factors,classifications,diagnosis and treatment Findings:Principal risk factors include surgical techniques and donor’s characteristics for biliary leakage and anastomotic biliary strictures and vascular alterations for non-anastomotic biliary *** is the gold standard both for intra-and extrahepatic BCs,while invasive cholangiography should be restricted for therapeutic uses or when MRCP is *** treatment,endoscopic techniques are the first line of treatment with success rates of 70-100%.The combined success rate of ERCP and PTBD overcome 90%of *** leaks often resolve spontaneously,or with the positioning of a stent in ERCP for major bile leaks Conclusions and Relevance:BCs influence morbidity and mortality after LT,therefore further evidences are needed to identify novel possible risk factors,to understand if an immunological status that could lead to their development exists and to compare the effectiveness of innovative surgical and machine perfusion techniques.

关键词： Liver transplantation(LT) biliary tract diseases cholangiography cholangiopancreatography endoscopic retrograde review

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Dissecting Maize Productivity:Ideotypes Associated with Grain Yield under Drought Stress and Well-watered Conditions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第12期54卷 1007-1020页

作者： Jill E.Cairns ciro Sanchez Mateo Vargas Raziel Ordoez Jose Luis Araus Global Maize Program International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Mexico D.F.Mexico Bioinformatics and Statistics Unit International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Mexico D.F.Mexico Unit of Plant Physiology Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

To increase maize （Zea mays L.） yields in drought-prone environments and offset predicted maize yield losses under future climates, the development of improved breeding pipelines using a multi-disciplinary approach is essential. Elucidating key growth processes will provide opportunities to improve drought breeding progress through the identification of key phenotypic traits, ideotypes, and donors. In this study, we tested a large set of tropical and subtropical maize inbreds and single cross hybrids under reproductive stage drought stress and well-watered conditions. Patterns of biomass production, senescence, and plant water status were measured throughout the crop cycle. Under drought stress, early biomass production prior to anthesis was important for inbred yield, while delayed senescence was important for hybrid yield. Under well-watered conditions, the ability to maintain a high biomass throughout the growing cycle was crucial for inbred yield, while a stay-green pattern was important for hybrid yield. While new quantitative phenotyping tools such as spectral reflectance （Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI） allowed for the characterization of growth and senescence patterns as well as yield, qualitative measurements of canopy senescence were also found to be associated with grain yield.

关键词： Climate change drought stress ideotypes maize senescence spectral reflectance.

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