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Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 645-650页

作者： Trevor N.Simper Cecile Morris Anthony Lynn ciara o’hagan Karen Kilner Food Group Sheffield Business School Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield S11WBUK Academy of Sport and Physical Activity Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield S102BPUK Department for Health and Social Care Research Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield S102BPUK

Background:one-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular *** activity(PA)has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose *** study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of ***:Thirty-one adults without diabetes(age 25.9±6.6 years;body mass index 23.8±3.8 kg/m^2;mean±SD)were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity:low activityof moderate-intensity activity(n=11),moderately active≥30 min/day of moderate-intensity PA(n=10),and very active≥60 min/day of PA at high intensity(n=10).Participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test(50 g glucose)with capillary blood samples obtained at baseline,15 min,30 min,45 min,60 min,90 min,and 120 min ***:There were no significant differences between groups for age or body fat percentage or glycated hemoglobin(p>0.05).The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level(p=0.003)and,marginally,for gender(p=0.053)and BMI(p=0.050).There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results(p=0.029),with differences between very active and low activity groups(p=0.008)but not between the moderately active and low activity groups(p=0.360),even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted *** incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for(p=0.401).Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group(p=0.012).Conclusion:The results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.

关键词： Blood glucose response Incremental area under the curve oral glucose tolerance test Physical activity Time to peak Type 2 diabetes

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Evaluation of Clinician Training in Autism Screening, Care Management, and Patient Education

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open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 488-513页

作者： Belinda o’hagan Julie White Ilana Hardesty Rachel Amgott Candice Bangham Xinyang Liu Alyson Codner Amy Ursitti Alana Chandler Sarah Foster Marilyn Augustyn Jacey Greece Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Boston Medical Center Boston United States of America Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston United States of America Department of Community Health Sciences Boston University School of Public Health Boston United States of America

objective: The demand for pediatric developmental evaluations has far exceeded the workforce available to perform them, which creates long significant wait times for services. A year-long clinician training using the Extension for Community Healthcare outcomes (ECHo®) model with monthly meetings was conducted and evaluated for its impact on primary care clinicians’ self-reported self-efficacy, ability to administer autism screening and counsel families, professional fulfillment, and burnout. Methods: Participants represented six community health centers and a hospital-based practice. Data collection was informed by participant feedback and the Normalization Process Theory via online surveys and focus groups/interviews. Twelve virtual monthly trainings were delivered between November 2020 and october 2021. Results: 30 clinicians participated in data collection. Matched analyses (n = 9) indicated statistically significant increase in self-rated ability to counsel families about autism (Pre-test Mean = 3.00, Post-test Mean = 3.89, p = 0.0313), manage autistic patients’ care (Pre-test Mean = 2.56, Post-test Mean = 4.11, p = 0.0078), empathy toward patients (Pre-test Mean = 2.11, Post-test Mean = 1.22, p = 0.0156) and colleagues (Pre-test Mean = 2.33, Post-test Mean = 1.22, respectively, p = 0.0391). Unmatched analysis revealed increases in participants confident about educating patients about autism (70.59%, post-test n = 12 vs. 3.33%, pre-test n = 1, p = 0.0019). Focus groups found increased confidence in using the term “autism”. Conclusion: Participants reported increases in ability and confidence to care for autistic patients, as well as empathy toward patients and colleagues. Future research should explore long-term outcomes in participants’ knowledge retention, confidence in practice, and improvements to autism evaluations and care.

关键词： Autism Spectrum Disorder Program Evaluation Case-Based Training Provider Burnout Continuing Medical Education

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AI-Based Modeling and Data-Driven Evaluation for Smart Manufacturing Processes

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第4期7卷 1026-1037页

作者： Mohammadhossein Ghahramani Yan Qiao Meng Chu Zhou Adrian o’hagan James Sweeney the University College Dublin BelfieldDublin 4Ireland the Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina the Helen and John C.Hartmann Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102 USA the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin 8Ireland

Smart manufacturing refers to optimization techniques that are implemented in production operations by utilizing advanced analytics approaches. With the widespread increase in deploying industrial internet of things(IIoT) sensors in manufacturing processes, there is a progressive need for optimal and effective approaches to data *** machine learning and artificial intelligence to take advantage of manufacturing data can lead to efficient and intelligent automation. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive analysis based on evolutionary computing and neural network algorithms toward making semiconductor manufacturing *** propose a dynamic algorithm for gaining useful insights about semiconductor manufacturing processes and to address various challenges. We elaborate on the utilization of a genetic algorithm and neural network to propose an intelligent feature selection algorithm. our objective is to provide an advanced solution for controlling manufacturing processes and to gain perspective on various dimensions that enable manufacturers to access effective predictive technologies.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI) cyber physical systems feature selection genetic algorithms(GA) industrial internet of things(IIoT) machine learning neural network(NN) smart manufacturing

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Lateral dipole moments induced by all-cis-pentafluorocyclohexyl groups cause unanticipated effects in self-assembled monolayers

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 11030-11041页

作者： Christian Fischer Saunak Das Qingzhi Zhang Yangbiao Liu Lothar Weinhardt David o’hagan Michael Zharnikov Andreas Terfort Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 760438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Applied Physical Chemistry Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120 HeidelbergGermany School of Chemistry University of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY169STUK Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry(ITCP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Engesserstr.18/2076128 KarlsruheGermany Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of NevadaLas Vegas(UNLV)4505 Maryland ParkwayLas VegasNV 89154-4003USA

All-cis-hexafluoro-and all-cis-pentafluoro-cyclohexane(PFCH)derivatives are new kinds of materials,the structures and properties of which are dominated by the highly dipolar Janus-face ***,we report on the effects of integrating the PFCH groups into self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)of alkanethiolates on Au(111).Monolayers with an odd(eleven)and even(twelve)number of methylene groups were characterized in detail by several complementary experimental tools,supported by theoretical ***,all the data show a high similarity of both kinds of monolayers,nearly lacking the typically observed odd-even *** new monolayers have a packing density about 1/3 lower than that of non-substituted alkanethiolate monolayers,caused by the bulkiness of the PFCH *** orientations of the PFCH groups and the alkyl chains could be determined independently,suggesting a conformation similar to the one found in the solid state structure of an analogous *** in the SAMs the PFCH groups are slightly tilted away from the surface normal with the axial fluorine atoms pointing downwards,most of the dipole moments of the group remain oriented parallel to the surface,which is a unique feature for a SAM *** consequences are much lower water contact angles compared to other partly fluorinated SAMs as well as rather moderate work function *** interaction between the terminal PFCH moieties results in an enhanced stability of the PFCH-decorated SAMs toward exchange reaction with potential molecular substituents in spite of the lower packing density of these films.

关键词： odd-even-effects work function self-assembled monolayer(SAM) kinetic stability infrared-reflection absorption spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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The isolation and characterisation of a fluorination enzyme

The isolation and characterisation of a fluorination enzyme

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The 3～(rd) International Conference on Natural Products :Natural Products -a Must for Human Survival ABSTRACTS

作者： David o'hagan School of Chemistry and centre for Biomolecular Sciences University of St-Andrews St-Andrews Fife KY16 9ST Scotland UK.

The bacterium Streptomyces cattleya has the unusual capacity to biosynthesize organic fluorine compounds, and produce fluoroacetate and 4-fluorothreonine. We have been interested in the biosynthesis of these compounds and in particular in establishing the nature of enzymatic C-F bond *** we were able to purify the fluorination activity from a cell free protein extract and demonstrated that it converts S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and fluoride ion to 5' -fluoro-5' -deoxyadenosine (FDA).Most recently in a collaboration with Dr J. Spencer at Cambridge and Professor JH Naismith at St Andrews we have been able to clone and over-express the enzyme and obtain X-ray structural data. The structure of the enzyme, with substrate and product bound will be presented. These structures and some recent stereochemical results reinforce an SN2 reaction mechanism for the fluorination enzyme.

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