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Variation in allelic frequencies at loci associated with kernel weight and their effects on kernel weight-related traits in winter wheat

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The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 30-37页

作者： Teng Li Hongwei Liu chunyan mai Guangjun Yu Huili Li Lingzhi Meng Dawei Jian Li Yang Yang Zhou Hongjun Zhang Hongjie Li National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xinxiang Innovation Center for Breeding Technology of Dwarf-Male-Sterile Wheat Zhaoxian Experiment Station Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Institute of Agricultural Science The Fourth Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

Knowledge of allelic frequencies at loci associated with kernel weight and effects on kernel weight-related traits is crucial for yield improvement in wheat. Kernel weight-related traits were evaluated in 200 Chinese winter wheat cultivars(lines) grown at the Xinxiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang in Henan Province, for three consecutive years from 2014 to 2016. Alleles associated with kernel weight at nine loci, TaCKX6-D1, TaCwi-A1, TaCWI-4A, TaGS1a, TaGS5-A1, TaGS3-3A, TaGW2-6A, TaSus2-2B, and TaTGW6-A1, were determined for all cultivars(lines). ANOVA showed that genotypes, years and their interactions had significant effects on thousand-kernel weight(TKW), kernel length(KL) and kernel width(KW). The overall mean frequencies of alleles conferring high and low TKW at the nine loci were 65.9% and 33.4%, with the ranges of 37.0%–85.0% and 13.5%–63.0% for single loci. The frequencies of high-TKW alleles were over 50.0% at eight of the loci. Genotypes at each locus with the high-TKW allele had higher TKW than those with the low-TKW allele. The high-TKW allele Hap-H at the TaSus2-2B locus can be preferably used to increase grain yield due to its high TKW(49.32 g). A total of 18 main allelic combinations(ACs) at nine loci were detected. Three ACs(AC1–AC3) had significantly higher TKW than AC6 with high-TKW alleles at all nine loci even though they contained some low-TKW alleles. This indicated that other loci controlling kernel weight were present in the high-TKW cultivars. This work provides important information for parental selection and marker-assisted selection for breeding.

关键词： Allelic frequency Allelic variation Functional markers Triticum aestivum

Effects of the Fhb1 gene on Fusarium head blight resistance and agronomic traits of winter wheat

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 799-808页

作者： Teng Li Hongjun Zhang Yiwen Huang Zhenqi Su Yun Deng Hongwei Liu chunyan mai Guangjun Yu Huili Li Liqiang Yu Tongquan Zhu Li Yang Hongjie Li Yang Zhou National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050035HebeiChina Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Fujian Province Jianyang 354200FujianChina Xinxiang Innovation Center for Breeding Technology of Dwarf-Male-Sterile Wheat Xinxiang 453731HenanChina Zhaoxian Experiment Station Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesZhaoxian 051530HebeiChina Wheat Research Institute Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhumadian 463000HenanChina

The gene Fhb1 has been used in many countries to improve wheat Fusarium head blight(FHB) resistance. To make better use of this gene in the Yellow-Huai River Valleys Winter Wheat Zone(YHWZ), the most important wheat-producing region of China, it is desirable to elucidate its effects on FHB resistance and agronomic traits in different genetic backgrounds. Based on a diagnostic marker for Fhb1, six BC2 populations were developed by crossing dwarf-male-sterile(DMS)-Zhoumai 16 to three Fhb1 donors(Ningmai 9, Ningmai 13, and Jianyang 84) and backcrossing to Zhoumai 16 and Zhoumai16’s derivative cultivars(Lunxuan 136 and Lunxuan 13) using marker-assisted backcross breeding. The progenies were assessed for FHB resistance and major agronomic *** Fhb1 alleles were identified using the gene-specific molecular marker. The plants with the Fhb1-resistant genotype(Fhb1-R) in these populations showed significantly fewer infected spikelets than those with the Fhb1-susceptible genotype(Fhb1-S). When Lunxuan 136 was used as the recurrent parent, Fhb1-R plants showed significantly fewer infected spikelets per spike than Fhb1-R plants produced using Lunxuan 13 as the recurrent parent, indicating that the genetic backgrounds of Fhb1 influence the expression of FHB resistance. Fhb1-R plants from the DMS-Zhoumai 16/Ningmai 9//Zhoumai 16/3/Lunxuan 136 population showed the highest FHB resistance among the six populations and a significantly higher level of FHB resistance than the moderately susceptible control Huaimai 20. No significant phenotypic differences between Fhb1-R and Fhb1-S plants were observed for the eight agronomic traits investigated. These results suggest that it is feasible to improve FHB resistance of winter wheat withoutreducing yield potential by introgressing Fhb1 resistance allele into FHB-susceptible cultivars in the YHWZ.

关键词： Triticum aestivum L. Fhb1 gene Marker-assisted selection Fusarium head blight resistance Agronomic traits

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非平衡双语者Stroop效应的时间进程

心理科学 2017年第5期40卷 1040-1046页

作者：麦春燕何先友华南师范大学心理应用研究中心/心理学院广州510631 广东省心理健康与认知科学重点实验室广州510631

运用Stroop任务的SOA范式,考察中-英双语者干扰和易化效应的时间进程及程度,比较双语者认知控制和词汇通达的差异。结果发现,在中文条件下,干扰效应的峰值发生在SOA为-200ms时,在英文条件下,最大的干扰效应发生在SOA为-300 ms时,由此可... 详细信息

运用Stroop任务的SOA范式,考察中-英双语者干扰和易化效应的时间进程及程度,比较双语者认知控制和词汇通达的差异。结果发现,在中文条件下,干扰效应的峰值发生在SOA为-200ms时,在英文条件下,最大的干扰效应发生在SOA为-300 ms时,由此可见,干扰效应时间出现了负转换。在英文条件下,-400ms SOA引发了最大的易化效应,而中文条件下最大的易化效应发生在-300ms SOA。该研究表明,双语者没有表现出认知优势,在Stroop任务中受到了词汇通达的影响。

关键词： Stroop 双语词汇通达认知控制

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基于Kinect相机的苹果树三维点云配准

农业机械学报 2016年第5期47卷 9-14页

作者：郑立华麦春艳廖崴文瑶刘刚中国农业大学现代精细农业系统集成研究教育部重点实验室北京100083

为建立具有真实彩色信息的果树三维点云形态结构模型,用Kinect相机获取不同视角下果树的原始三维点云,针对传统最近点迭代算法对待配准点云的空间位置要求苛刻的问题,提出了改进的点云配准算法。首先通过归一化对齐径向特征算法搜寻点... 详细信息

为建立具有真实彩色信息的果树三维点云形态结构模型,用Kinect相机获取不同视角下果树的原始三维点云,针对传统最近点迭代算法对待配准点云的空间位置要求苛刻的问题,提出了改进的点云配准算法。首先通过归一化对齐径向特征算法搜寻点云关键点,并使用快速点特征直方图描述子计算关键点处的特征向量。然后根据求得的特征向量估计2片点云关键点之间的空间映射关系,再基于随机抽样一致性算法提纯映射关系并完成点云的初始配准。最后利用最近点迭代算法完成点云的精确配准。实验结果表明,通过在最近点迭代算法前增加点云初始配准算法,有效地提高了点云配准的准确性和稳定性,能够对任意初始位置的2片点云进行准确匹配,平均配准误差为0.7 cm。

关键词：苹果树 Kinect相机三维点云初始配准最近点迭代算法

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一种基于信息融合苹果果实世界定位方法

东北农业大学学报 2016年第1期47卷 74-80页

作者：麦春艳郑立华肖昌一陈元李民赞刘刚中国农业大学现代精细农业系统集成研究教育部重点实验室北京100083

构建由Kinect设备、差分GPS设备和陀螺仪组成的信息获取系统,推导RGB图像中苹果果实世界坐标的计算方法。利用Kinect设备获取果园果树RGB图像和深度图像,差分GPS全球定位系统和陀螺仪分别获取Kinect相机位置信息和姿态信息。融合RGB图... 详细信息

构建由Kinect设备、差分GPS设备和陀螺仪组成的信息获取系统,推导RGB图像中苹果果实世界坐标的计算方法。利用Kinect设备获取果园果树RGB图像和深度图像,差分GPS全球定位系统和陀螺仪分别获取Kinect相机位置信息和姿态信息。融合RGB图像和深度图像,利用相对位置定位模型,计算苹果圆心相机空间坐标,融合相机位置信息和姿态信息,利用空间三维坐标转换原理,建立绝对位置定位模型计算苹果世界坐标,对每个果实进行世界空间位置唯一标定。结果表明,果实相对平均定位误差0.035 m,果实绝对定位经度误差0.117 m,纬度误差0.437 m,海拔误差0.145 m。

关键词： Kinect 陀螺仪差分GPS 信息融合果实世界定位坐标转换

Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Enabled by Tailoring Additive Distribution According to the Film Growth Dynamics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 387-400页

作者： Mengen Ma Cuiling Zhang Yujiao Ma Weile Li Yao Wang Shaohang Wu Chong Liu Yaohua mai Institute of New Energy Technology College of Physics&Optoelectronic EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of New Semiconductors and Devices of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632People’s Republic of China Guangdong Mellow Energy Co. LimitedYuanming RoadZhuhai 519075GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China

Gas quenching and vacuum quenching process are widely applied to accelerate solvent volatilization to induce nucleation of perovskites in blade-coating *** this work,we found these two pre-crystallization processes lead to different order of crystallization dynamics within the perovskite thin film,resulting in the differences of additive *** then tailor-designed an additive molecule named 1,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea to obtain films with fewer defects and holes at the buried interface,and prepared perovskite solar cells with a certified efficiency of 23.75%.Furthermore,this work also demonstrates an efficiency of 20.18%for the large-area perovskite solar module(PSM)with an aperture area of 60.84 cm^(2).The PSM possesses remarkable continuous operation stability for maximum power point tracking of T_(90)>1000 h in ambient air.

关键词： Gas quenching Additive distribution Buried passivation Blade coating Crystallization dynamics

Dynamic COVID Zero Strategy triggered a significant increase of chlorine-based disinfectant

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 73-80页

作者： Xuhao Wang mai Su chunyan Wang Yi Liu School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Chlorine-based disinfectants(CBDs)have been widely used to prevent and control the spread of the COVID-19,which may lead to the formation of carcinogenic *** China,strict disinfection strategies by local governments/communities or volunteering by residents have been implemented to meet the Dynamic COVID Zero(DCZ)***,the amount of CBDs used has not been *** author proposed an urban-scale disinfectant consumption estimation(ALICE)model to quantify weekly CBD *** results show that the CBD consumption for the urban region of Beijing during the DCZ strategy was 3704.0 t(0.43 kg/(cap-yr)),equivalent to a monthly increase of 15 g/cap(70.5%)in CBD consumption compared with that in *** to the scenario analysis,a stricter strategy with a shorter response time toward new cases will decrease the total CBD consumption by 1.2% compared with the baseline estimation.A more precise prevention strategy with a smaller delineation of risk area and a less stringent strategy with a longer response time will lower the total CBD consumption by 0.42% and 0.35%,***,the more precise prevention strategy will reduce CBD consumption of close off and lockdown area(COLD area)by 16.9%,and the stricter strategy will reduce this consumption by 37.7%.This study highlights the impact of pandemic prevention and control strategies on chlorine-based disinfectant consumption and some implications for future environmental pollution and risk assessments.

关键词： COVID-19 Dynamic COVID Zero Strategy Disinfectants consumption Bottom-up approach Scenario analysis

基于矮败小麦分子育种策略培育黄淮抗赤霉病小麦新品种轮选20

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中国农业科学 2024年第19期57卷 3719-3729页

作者：买春艳刘易科刘宏伟李洪杰杨丽吴培培周阳张宏军中国农业科学院新乡试验基地管理委员会中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室/作物分子育种国家工程实验室湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所

【目的】针对黄淮冬麦区抗赤霉病小麦品种短缺问题，开展产量与赤霉病抗性协同改良，为该麦区培育高产抗赤霉病小麦新种源。【方法】以苏麦3号为供体亲本（抗源），以矮败周麦16、周麦16、轮选136和轮选6号为受体亲本，利用骨干亲本矮... 详细信息

【目的】针对黄淮冬麦区抗赤霉病小麦品种短缺问题，开展产量与赤霉病抗性协同改良，为该麦区培育高产抗赤霉病小麦新种源。【方法】以苏麦3号为供体亲本（抗源），以矮败周麦16、周麦16、轮选136和轮选6号为受体亲本，利用骨干亲本矮败小麦结合Fhb1分子标记辅助选择和双单倍体（double haploid,DH）技术（简称矮败小麦分子育种策略）快速获得DH系，并对这些稳定品系进行株高、抽穗期和产量等主要农艺性状评价和赤霉病抗性鉴定。【结果】共获得51份半冬性、矮秆、白粒且携带Fhb1的DH系。在2个环境（2020河南和2020北京）下，51份DH系平均病小穗数分别为5.7和7.3，平均严重度分别为27.7%和35.2%，与中感对照淮麦20无显著差异；平均每公顷产量为8.3 t，略低于对照品种周麦18(8.5 t)。结合赤霉病抗性和主要农艺性状综合评价结果，选择DH116（轮选20）作为重点系进一步进行赤霉病抗性和农艺性状鉴定。单花滴注接种鉴定发现，轮选20在4个环境下均达到中抗-高抗对照抗性水平；每公顷产量在2个环境下均高于对照品种周麦18，每穗小穗数和千粒重显著高于对照（P<0.05），且比对照抽穗更早、植株更矮（P<0.05）。轮选20两年区试分别比对照百农207增产4.6%和1.7%，生产试验比对照增产3.5%；区试利用喷雾和单花滴注2种接种方法综合评价轮选20为中感-中抗赤霉病。分子标记检测发现，轮选20携带半矮秆基因Rht-D1b；在已知春化基因Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1和Vrn-D1位点均携带隐性等位基因。通过小麦660K SNP芯片分析显示，轮选20与4个亲本有64.7%SNP是一致的，亲本周麦16、轮选136、轮选6号和苏麦3号对轮选20的直接遗传贡献率分别为69.8%、12.6%、6.1%和11.5%。【结论】利用矮败小麦分子育种策略，实现了小麦高产和赤霉病抗性协同提高，培育出符合黄淮冬麦区生态类型的高产抗赤霉病小麦品种轮选20。

关键词：小麦赤霉病 Fhb1 矮败小麦双单倍体黄淮冬麦区

北方冬麦区小麦品种产量相关性状和幼穗分化特点研究

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麦类作物学报 2018年第7期38卷 773-781页

作者：买春艳李洪杰刘宏伟杨丽于立强周阳张宏军新乡矮败小麦育种技术创新中心河南新乡453731 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程北京100081 石家庄市农林科学研究院赵县试验基地河北赵县051530

为了解北方冬麦区小麦产量相关性状和幼穗分化特点,对该麦区10个代表性小麦品种的产量相关性状和幼穗分化进程进行了研究。结果表明,8个产量相关性状在10个品种间存在不同程度的差异;产量与穗数、穗粒数和千粒重间相关系数分别为0.28、0... 详细信息

为了解北方冬麦区小麦产量相关性状和幼穗分化特点,对该麦区10个代表性小麦品种的产量相关性状和幼穗分化进程进行了研究。结果表明,8个产量相关性状在10个品种间存在不同程度的差异;产量与穗数、穗粒数和千粒重间相关系数分别为0.28、0.45和0.08。不同生态区小麦品种间产量潜力差异较小,高产品种(>9 000kg·hm-2)的成穗数均为中等偏多型。品种间幼穗分化进程有明显差异,北部冬麦区和黄淮冬麦区北片品种一般表现为前期发育慢,后期发育快,个别品种的各个时期发育均慢;黄淮冬麦区南片多数品种则表现为各个时期发育都较快,个别品种前期快,中期慢,后期快。对春化和光周期基因不同等位变异检测发现,除了Vrn-D1,10个供试品种在其他已知春化基因和光周期基因座Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1、Vrn-B3和Ppd-D1上含有相同的等位变异。

关键词：小麦北方冬麦区产量性状穗分化