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Glacial-interglacial cycles recorded in clay minerals from the eastern Tibetan Plateau over the last 800 ka and their indications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2162-2177页

作者： Xiaoyan zhang chunxia zhang Yan ZHAO Bin HU Zhengtang GUO Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Clay mineral proxies have been widely used to reconstruct changes in provenance and the paleoclimate.However,high-altitude clay mineral indications and long-term and orbital variations have not been fully explored.Herein,we present an800-ka clay-mineral record from a lacustrine sediment core(ZB13-C2)from the Zoige Basin on the eastern Tibetan Plateau(TP).X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to identify the clay mineral assemblages and their micromorphological characteristics of core ZB13-C2.The results revealed that the clay minerals in core ZB13-C2 are mainly illite,with small amounts of chlorite,kaolinite,and smectite(including irregular mixed-layers of illite-smectite(I/S)and chloritesmectite(C/S)).The clay mineral assemblages and proxies exhibit three stages of change,which are mainly controlled by the Zoige watershed range under different climate conditions.The watershed was limited to the southeastern region with altitudes ranging from~3500 to~4200 meters above sea level(m a.s.l.),and glacial-interglacial hydraulic erosion controlled the input of bedrock debris during 800-621 ka BP.It expanded to higher altitudes(~4200 to~4700 m a.s.l.)due to stronger seasonal freezethaw weathering without significant glacial-interglacial variations under a cooling and drying climate during 621-100 ka BP.Finally,it expanded to its highest altitudes of~4700 to~5200 m a.***.l.northwest of the watershed after 100 ka BP,and hydraulic erosion increased obviously under a warm climate of the interstadial MIS 3 on the TP.The watershed underwent two major expansions under different climatic conditions at~621 ka and 100 ka BP,with the wet/dry alternation became strong at~621 ka BP.These results reveal that long-term temperature changes and the wet/dry alternation at high altitudes controlled the watershed range and degree of the physical erosion,and that the indications of clay minerals should be carefully clarified before they are used as climate indicators,especially on the TP.

关键词： Quaternary Zoige Basin Lacustrine sediments Paleoenvironment Weathering

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A nanoplatform with oxygen self-supplying and heat-sensitizing capabilities enhances the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in eradicating multidrug-resistant biofilms

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 209-219页

作者： Haixin zhang Yi Zou Kunyan Lu Yan Wu Yuancheng Lin Jingjing Cheng chunxia Liu Hong Chen Yanxia zhang Qian Yu State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science Suzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215007China

Bacterial biofilms,especially those caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria,have emerged as one of the greatest dangers to global public health.The acceleration of antimicrobial resistance to conventional an-tibiotics and the severe lack of new drugs necessitates the development of novel agents for biofilm eradication.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising non-antibiotic method for treating bacterial infections.However,its application in biofilm eradication is hampered by the hypoxic microenvironment of biofilms and the physical protection of extracellular polymeric substances.In this study,we develop a composite nanoplatform with oxygen(O_(2))self-supplying and heat-sensitizing capabilities to improve the PDT efficacy against biofilms.CaO_(2)/ICG@PDA nanoparticles(CIP NPs)are fabricated by combining calcium peroxide(CaO_(2))with the photosensitizer indocyanine green(ICG)via electrostatic interactions,followed by coating with polydopamine(PDA).The CIP NPs can gradually generate O_(2)in response to the acidic microenvironment of the biofilm,thereby alleviating its hypoxic state.Under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation,the nanoplatform converts O_(2)into a significant amount of singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))and heat to eradicate biofilm.The generated heat enhances the release of O_(2),accelerates the generation of^(1)O_(2)in PDT,increases cell membrane permeability,and increases bacterial sensitivity to^(1)O_(2).This nanoplatform significantly improves the efficacy of PDT in eradicating biofilm-dwelling bacteria without fostering drug resistance.Experiments on biofilm eradication demonstrate that this nanoplatform can eradicate over 99.9999%of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)biofilms under 5-min NIR irradiation.Notably,these integrated advantages enable the system to promote the healing of MRSA biofilm-infected wounds with negligible toxicity in vivo,indicating great promise for overcoming the obstacles associated with bacterial biofilm eradication.

关键词： Bacterial biofilm Multidrug-resistant bacteria Photodynamic therapy Oxygen supplying Photothermal therapy

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CD36 promotes tubular ferroptosis by regulating the ubiquitination of FSP1 in acute kidney injury

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 449-463页

作者： Yixin Ma Lili Huang Zheng zhang Pengfei Yang Qingsong Chen Xujia Zeng Fangyan Tan chunxia Wang Xiongzhong Ruan Xiaohui Liao Department of Nephrology The Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010China Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Centre for Nephrology Royal Free and University College Medical SchoolUniversity College LondonRoyal Free CampusRowland Hill StreetLondon NW32PFUnited Kingdom Centre for Lipid Research Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious DiseasesMinistry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Kuanren Laboratory of Translational Lipidology Centre for Lipid ResearchSecond Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010China

Reactive oxidative species(ROos)production-driven ferroptosis plays a role in acute kidney injury(Akl).However,its exact molecular mechanism is poorly understood.Scavenger receptor CD36 has important roles in oxidizing lipids,lipid accumulation,metabolic syndrome,and insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease,but its roles remain unexplored in AKl.The present study investigated the role and mechanism of CD36 in regulating proximal tubular cell ferroptosis and AKl.The expression of CD36 was found to be significantly up-regulated in AKI renal tissues and correlated with renal function,which might serve as an independent biomarker for AKl patients.Moreover,in adult mice subjected to AKl,deletion of CD36(CD36-/-)induced tubular cell Ros accumulation,ferroptosis activation,and renal injury.Mechanistically,combining LC-MS/MS,co-IP,and ubiquitination analyses revealed that CD36 could specifically bind to ferroptosis suppressor protein 1(FSP1)and regulate its ubiquitination at sites K16 and K24,leading to FSP1 degradation and progression of ferroptosis in AKl.The present results emphasize a novel mechanism of CD36 in cisplatin-induced AKl.The discovery of the special CD36 roles in promoting ferroptosis and AKI development by regulating the ubiquitination of FSP1 in proximal tubular cells may be potential therapeutic targets for AKl.Moreover,CD36 may play a key role in the progression of AKl.Therefore,targeting CD36 may provide a promising treatment option for AKI.

关键词： Acute kidney injury CD36 Ferroptosis FSP1 Ubiquitin-dependent degradation

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Bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease:Prospective cohort study and genetic analyses

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第5期137卷 577-587页

作者： Wenqiang zhang Li zhang Chenghan Xiao Xueyao Wu Huijie Cui Chao Yang Peijing Yan Mingshuang Tang Yutong Wang Lin Chen Yunjie Liu Yanqiu Zou Ling zhang chunxia Yang Yuqin Yao Jiayuan Li Zhenmi Liu Xia Jiang Ben zhang Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Systems EpidemiologyWest China-Peking Union Medical College C.C.Chen Institute of HealthWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent HealthWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Iatrical Polymer Material and Artificial Apparatus School of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Occupational and Environmental Health West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholm 17177Sweden

Background:While type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is considered a putative causal risk factor for coronary artery disease(CAD),the intrinsic link underlying T2DM and CAD is not fully understood.We aimed to highlight the importance of integrated care targeting both diseases by investigating the phenotypic and genetic relationships between T2DM and CAD.Methods:We evaluated phenotypic associations using data from the United Kingdom Biobank(N=472,050).We investigated genetic relationships by leveraging genomic data conducted in European ancestry for T2DM,with and without adjustment for body mass index(BMI)(T2DM:N_(case)/N_(control)=74,124/824,006;T2DM adjusted for BMI[T2DM_(adj)BMI]:N_(case)/N_(control)=50,409/523,897)and for CAD(N_(case)/N_(control)=181,522/984,168).We performed additional analyses using genomic data conducted in multiancestry individuals for T2DM(N_(case)/N_(control)=180,834/1,159,055).Results:Observational analysis suggested a bidirectional relationship between T2DM and CAD(T2DM→CAD:hazard ratio[HR]=2.12,95%confidence interval[CI]:2.01–2.24;CAD→T2DM:HR=1.72,95%CI:1.63–1.81).A positive overall genetic correlation between T2DM and CAD was observed(r_(g)=0.39,P=1.43×10^(-75)),which was largely independent of BMI(T2DM_(adj)BMI–CAD:r_(g)=0.31,P=1.20×10^(–36)).This was corroborated by six local signals,among which 9p21.3 showed the strongest genetic correlation.Cross-trait meta-analysis replicated 101 previously reported loci and discovered six novel pleiotropic loci.Mendelian randomization analysis supported a bidirectional causal relationship(T2DM→CAD:odds ratio[OR]=1.13,95%CI:1.11-1.16;CAD→T2DM:OR=1.12,95%CI:1.07-1.18),which was confirmed in multiancestry individuals(T2DM→CAD:OR=1.13,95%CI:1.10-1.16;CAD→T2DM:OR=1.08,95%CI:1.04-1.13).This bidirectional relationship was significantly mediated by systolic blood pressure and intake of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors,with mediation proportions of 54.1%(95%CI:24.9-83.4%)and 90.4%(95%CI:29.3-151.5%),respectively.Conclusion:Our observ

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Coronary artery disease Phenotypic association Genetic correlation Mendelian randomization

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Shallow subsurface habitats across the Mars-analog Qaidam Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第11期66卷 2487-2496页

作者： Yan CHEN Li LIU Huiqing zhang Xue GUO Wensi zhang chunxia zhang Wei LIN Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Clinical Laboratory National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseaseShenzhen Third People’s HospitalShenzhen 518112China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Searching for life is one of the most important targets of Mars exploration missions. It has been considered that the Martian subsurface, away from the extreme surface environment, is a potentially habitable region for microbial growth.However, the distribution pattern of potential microbial habitats in the Martian subsurface has yet to be evaluated. Here, we investigate the subsurface habitats to depths of 20–60 cm from various landscapes, including slopes, gullies, channels, playas,and alluvial fans across the Mars-analog Qaidam Basin, NW China. We characterize subsurface niches by measuring microbial biomass and radiocarbon ages, and correlate them with soil properties including depth, moisture content, total organic carbon content, electric conductivity, pH, evaporite and clay mineral contents. We find more habitable niches for microbial colonization at depths of 5–25 cm as compared with the surface and deep subsurface across the hyperarid Qaidam Basin. Maximum biomass and biotic activity could be correlated with physical stability, limited radiation, and short-term moderate water availability in the shallow subsurface in hyperarid deserts. The findings of this study provide new perspectives on subsurface microbial habitats in Mars-analog hyperarid deserts and ongoing biosignature detection on Mars.

关键词： Mars-analog Qaidam Basin Shallow subsurface Microbial habitat Astrobiology

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Cross-Modal Complementary Network with Hierarchical Fusion for Multimodal Sentiment Classification

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2022年第4期27卷 664-679页

作者： Cheng Peng chunxia zhang Xiaojun Xue Jiameng Gao Hongjian Liang Zhengdong Niu School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Information Production and SystemsWaseda UniversityFukuoka 808-0135Japan

Multimodal Sentiment Classification(MSC)uses multimodal data,such as images and texts,to identify the users'sentiment polarities from the information posted by users on the Internet.MSC has attracted considerable attention because of its wide applications in social computing and opinion mining.However,improper correlation strategies can cause erroneous fusion as the texts and the images that are unrelated to each other may integrate.Moreover,simply concatenating them modal by modal,even with true correlation,cannot fully capture the features within and between modals.To solve these problems,this paper proposes a Cross-Modal Complementary Network(CMCN)with hierarchical fusion for MSC.The CMCN is designed as a hierarchical structure with three key modules,namely,the feature extraction module to extract features from texts and images,the feature attention module to learn both text and image attention features generated by an image-text correlation generator,and the cross-modal hierarchical fusion module to fuse features within and between modals.Such a CMCN provides a hierarchical fusion framework that can fully integrate different modal features and helps reduce the risk of integrating unrelated modal features.Extensive experimental results on three public datasets show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： multimodal sentiment analysis multimodal fusion Cross-Modal Complementary Network(CMCN) hierarchical fusion joint optimization

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System reliability-based robust design of deep foundation pit considering multiple failure modes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 169-182页

作者： Li Hong Xiangyu Wang Wengang zhang Yongqin Li Runhong zhang chunxia Chen School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China School of Design and the Built Environment Curtin UniversityBentley 6102Western AustraliaAustralia Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610097China China Southwest Geotechnical Investigation&Design Institute Co. LtdChengdu 610052SichuanChina

Recently,reliability-based design is a universal method to quantify negative influence of uncertainty in geotechnical engineering.However,for deep foundation pit,evaluating the system safety of retaining structures and finding cost-effective design points are main challenges.To address this,this study proposes a novel system reliability-based robust design method for retaining system of deep foundation pit and illustrated this method via a simplified case history in Suzhou,China.The proposed method included two parts:system reliability model and robust design method.Back Propagation Neural Network(BPNN)is used to fit limit state functions and conduct efficient reliability analysis.The common source random variable(CSRV)model are used to evaluate correlation between failure modes and determine the system reliability.Furthermore,based on the system reliability model,a robust design method is developed.This method aims to find cost-effective design points.To solve this problem,the third generation non-dominated genetic algorithm(NSGA-III)is adopted.The efficiency and accuracy of whole computations are improved by involving BPNN models and NSGA-III algorithm.The proposed method has a good performance in locating the balanced design point between safety and construction cost.Moreover,the proposed method can provide design points with reasonable stiffness distribution.

关键词： System reliability Machine learning method Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Robust design Multiple objective optimization models

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RNA methylation regulates hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell specification

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第5期61卷 610-612页

作者： chunxia zhang Feng Liu State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

RNA methylation,conceptually similar to methylation of DNA and protein,has been identified in m RNAs and noncoding RNAs(nc RNAs)(Niu et al.,2013).In particular,N6-methyl-adenosine(m^6A)is the most prevalent m RNA modification in eukaryotes(Jia et al.,2013).New insights into the biological functions of m^6A modification have been recently gained due to the rapid development of highthroughput sequencing technologies.m RNAs are

关键词： RNA 干细胞造血调整生物功能 DNA 蛋白质

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Arabidopsis F-BOX STRESS INDUCED 4 is required to repress excessive divisions in stomatal development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第1期64卷 56-72页

作者： Yi Li Shan Xue Qixiumei He Junxue Wang Lingling Zhu Junjie Zou Jie zhang Chaoran Zuo Zhibin Fan Junling Yue chunxia zhang Kezhen Yang Jie Le Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of BotanyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China The Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China Beijing 100038China Wenbo School Jinan 250100China Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

During the terminal stage of stomatal development,the R2 R3-MYB transcription factors FOUR LIPS(FLP/MYB124) and MYB88 limit guard mother cell division by repressing the transcript levels of multiple cell-cycle genes. In Arabidopsis thaliana possessing the weak allele flp-1, an extra guard mother cell division results in two stomata having direct contact.Here, we identified an ethylmethane sulfonatemutagenized mutant, flp-1 xs01 c, which exhibited more severe defects than flp-1 alone, producing gianttumor-like cell clusters. XS01 C, encoding F-BOX STRESS-INDUCED 4(FBS4), is preferentially expressed in epidermal stomatal precursor cells.Overexpressing FBS4 rescued the defective stomatal phenotypes of flp-1 xs01 c and flp-1 mutants. The deletion or substitution of a conserved residue(Proline166) within the F-box domain of FBS4 abolished or reduced, respectively, its interaction with Arabidopsis Skp1-Like1(ASK1), the core subunit of the Skp1/Cullin/F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Furthermore, the FBS4 protein physically interacted with CYCA2;3 and induced its degradation through the ubiquitin-26 S proteasome pathway. Thus, in addition to the known transcriptional pathway, the terminal symmetric division in stomatal development is ensured at the post-translational level, such as through the ubiquitination of target proteins recognized by the stomatal lineage F-box protein FBS4.

关键词： cell division cell cycle F-BOX stomatal development ubiquitination

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(n,d)-(Ext)-phantom态射与(n,d)-环

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中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文） 2024年第1期63卷 154-165页

作者：余君丽张春霞重庆师范大学数学科学学院重庆401331

引入了(n,d)-phantom态射与(n,d)-Ext-phantom态射的概念.利用它们,给出了(n,d)-环、n-遗传环以及n-正则环的一系列新刻画.

关键词： (n,d)-phantom态射 (n,d)-Ext-phantom态射 n-凝聚环 (n,d)-环 n-遗传环

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