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Association between smoking,pancreatic insulin secretion and insulin resistance in Chinese subjects with or without glucose intolerance

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第24期120卷 2233-2237页

作者： KO Gary Tin-Choi TONG Peter Chun-Yip SO Wing-yee COCKRAM Clive S. CHAN Juliana chung-Ngor Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity Hong Kong China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin N.T. Hong KongChina

Background There are studies suggesting smoking may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Effects of smoking on insulin secretion and insulin resistance （IR） are, however, controversial. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Since there were very few smokers among Hong Kong Chinese women, only men （n=-1068） were analyzed in this report. Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose and insulin were measured. Insulinogenic index as well as beta-cell function and IR based on homeostatic model assessment （HOMA） by computer model （HOMA Calculator v2.2） were calculated. Results Of the 1068 men, 147 had newly diagnosed diabetes, 131 newly diagnosed impaired glucose tolerance （IGT） and 790 were non-diabetic normal controls. Smokers had similar fasting and 2-hour insulin levels, insulinogenic index and HOMA derived beta-cell function as compared to non-smokers in the groups with diabetes, IGT or normal oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT）. IR was also similar between smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers in those with normal OGTT. In men with IGT or diabetes, after adjustment for age and body mass index, smokers were more insulin resistant as compared to non-smokers （IR, IGT： 1.59±1.07 vs 1.03±0.54, P〈0.05; diabetes： 1.96±1.36 vs 1.06±0.45, P〈0.01）. With Logistic regression analysis, comparing smokers and non-smokers, IR was independently associated with smoking （odds ratio （95% C/）, IGT： 2.23 （1.05, 4.71）; diabetes： 3.92 （1.22, 12.58））. None of the other insulin parameters enter into the model among those with normal OGTT or comparing ex-smokers and non-smoker or smokers and ex-smokers. Conclusions In Chinese men, smoking did not show any direct association with insulin levels and pancreatic insulin secretion. Smoking men with IGT or diabetes appeared more insulin resistant than their non-smoking counterparts.

关键词： smoking diabetes mellitus insulin Chinese

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我国肝癌诊断与治疗是否已到达外科4.0

中华消化外科杂志 2021年第1期20卷 35-39页

作者：刘允怡杨重光中华人民共和国香港特别行政区新界沙田香港中文大学医学院

探讨我国外科医师诊断与治疗原发性肝细胞癌(以下简称肝癌)是否已到达外科4.0。外科4.0是Hooshair A于2018年提出,主要是描述基于不同时期科学发现和应用推动外科发展的4个阶段:外科1.0(18―20世纪,外科科学期);外科2.0(1950―1980年,... 详细信息

探讨我国外科医师诊断与治疗原发性肝细胞癌(以下简称肝癌)是否已到达外科4.0。外科4.0是Hooshair A于2018年提出,主要是描述基于不同时期科学发现和应用推动外科发展的4个阶段:外科1.0(18―20世纪,外科科学期);外科2.0(1950―1980年,超大型手术和器官移植期);外科3.0(1980年至21世纪初,微创外科普及期)和外科4.0(21世纪初至今,数字外科期)。在医疗卫生领域中,数字科学的应用带来翻天覆地的改变。外科4.0主要是由大数据、人工智能、自动化、现代机器人和5G通讯五大科学推动,目前在外科领域初探成功,但在肝癌的诊断与治疗领域中,尚有很大发展空间。

关键词：肝肿瘤外科4.0 数字医学数字科学治疗

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Does Topical Agent Help Fracture Healing? A Pilot Study Using a Herbal Patch

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2015年第2期3卷 35-39页

作者： Lung-Fung Tse Hi-Shan Cheng Chi-Yin Tso Yuk-Wah Hung Leung-Kim Hung Jing-Zhou Chen Xue-Lin Zhou Chak-Hei Fung Ellie Suet-yee Pang King-Fai Cheng Chun-kwok Wong Ping-chung Leung Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Institute of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

To observe the safety and effectiveness of a topical herbal agent used to promote fracture healing, a herbal patch containing extracts of three herbs, viz., Flos Carthami, Radix Dipsaci, Rhizoma Rhei and Borneolum Syntheticum (an enhancer) was applied on ten subjects with un-displaced fifth metatarsal fractures. Pain scores, foot and ankle function questionnaires and regional swelling were carefully assessed and recorded. Peripheral blood was taken to measure the inflammation cytokines. Assessment checks were performed biweekly to enforce effective patch application and compliance. The results showed that pain improved after two weeks and fracture sites swelling had 20% reduction in thickness when measured with an ultrasonic tool. Foot and ankle functional scores markedly improved after six weeks. Radiological examinations revealed early perfect fracture unions. The topical herbal patch was effective in promoting fracture healing. It was well tolerated by the fracture patients. Larger randomized controlled trials would be indicated.

关键词： Fracture Traditional Chinese Medicine Topical Agent Herbal Treatment

Quality of life after laparoscopic vs open sphincter-preserving resection for rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第29期19卷 4764-4773页

作者： Simon Siu-Man Ng Wing-Wa Leung Cherry yee-Ni Wong Sophie Sok-Fei Hon Tony Wing-chung Mak Dennis kwokYu Ngo Janet Fung-yee Lee Division for Colorectal Surgery Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital

AIM: To compare quality of life (QoL) outcomes in Chinese patients after curative laparoscopic vs open surgery for rectal cancer. METHODS: Eligible Chinese patients with rectal cancer undergoing curative laparoscopic or open sphincterpreserving resection between July 2006 and July 2008 were enrolled in this prospective study. The QoL outcomes were assessed longitudinally using the validated Chinese versions of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and QLQCR38 questionnaires before surgery and at 4, 8, and 12 mo after surgery. The QoL scores at the different time points were compared between the laparoscopic and open groups. A higher score on a functional scale indicated better functioning, whereas a higher score on a symptom scale indicated a higher degree of ***: Seventy-four patients (49 laparoscopic and 25 open) were enrolled. The two groups of patients were comparable in terms of sociodemographic data, types of surgery, tumor staging, and baseline mean QoL scores. There was no significant decrease from baseline in global QoL for the laparoscopic group at different time points, whereas the global QoL was worse compared to baseline beginning at 4 mo but returned to baseline by 12 mo for the open group (P = 0.019, Friedman test). Compared to the open group, the laparoscopic group had significantly better physical (89.9±1.4 vs 79.2±3.7, P = 0.016), role (85.0±3.4 vs 63.3±6.9, P = 0.005), and cognitive (73.5±3.4 vs 50.7±6.2, P = 0.002) functioning at 8 mo, fewer micturition problems at 4-8 mo (4 mo: 32.3±4.7 vs 54.7±7.1, P = 0.011; 8 mo: 22.8±4.0 vs 40.7±6.9, P = 0.020), and fewer male sexual problems from 8 mo onward (20.0±8.5 vs 76.7±14.5, P = 0.013). At 12 mo after surgery, no significant differences were observed in any functional or symptom scale between the two groups, with the exception of male sexual problems, which remained worse in the open group (29.2±11.3 vs 80.0±9.7, P = 0.026). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic sphin

关键词： Quality of life Rectal cancer Laparoscopic surgery Sphincter-preserving surgery European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-CR38

Aldose reductase deletion protects the retina in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity

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Aldose reductase deletion protects the retina in a mouse mod...

Surgical resection of duodenal lymphangiectasia: A case report

中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： Suk-yee LI Sookja K.chung David WONG Amy Cheuk-Yin.LO Eye Institute Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong Research Center of Heart BrainHormone and Healthy AgingLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong

＜正＞Objective Retinopathy of prematurity（ROP） is a common retinal disease that occurs in premature babies with an initial phase of vessel loss followed by a second phase of vessel *** has been found to be related to oxidative ***,dysfunction of the neural retina,including both photoreceptor and post-receptor,has also been documented in infants and children with ROP and in the rat ***,we showed that genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of aldose reductase（AR）,a rate limiting enzyme in the polyol pathway,prevented retinal ganglion cell loss and oxidative ***,we aim to assess the effect of aldose reductase deletion in the pathogenesis of retinal injury induced by hyperoxia on a cellular basis using a mouse model of *** Seven-day-old pups were exposed to 75%oxygen for five days and then returned to room air environment for several *** pathological changes in retinal vessel architecture and neuronal responses after hyperoxia exposure were examined and compared between wild-type and AR-deficient *** The central retinal vaso-obliterated area induced by hyperoxia is（64.3±1.4%） in wild-type and（57.9±1.1%） in AR-deficient mice（mean SEM,P=0.003,n=9-11）.In addition,the thickness of central inner nuclear layer and entire inner plexiform layer was significantly reduced immediately after hyperoxia exposure in the wild-type mice,but not in AR-deficient mice（P＜0.05,n=9-13）.There was absence of calretinin staining for amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer and seriously distorted strata in the inner plexiform layer of the retina in wild-type but not ARdeficient mice after hyperpoxia ***,increased intense GFAP staining indicating M（u|¨）ller cell processes in the central-middle area of the retina was observed in the ROP model of wild-type but not AR-deficient *** Taken together,these observations suggest that the deficiency of aldose reductase may play a protective role in the n

关键词： oxidative stress aldose reductase retinopathy of prematurity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第12期9卷 2880-2882页

作者： Chih-Ping Chen yee Chao chung-Pin Li Wen-Ching Lo Chew-Wun Wu Shyh-Haw Tsay Rheun-Chuan Lee Full-Young Chang Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical MedicineNational Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Cancer Center Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of General Surgery Department of SurgeryTaipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Pathology Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina

Intestinal lymphangiectasia, characterized by dilatation of intestinal lacteals, is rare. The major treatment for primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is dietary modification. Surgery to relieve symptoms and to clarify the etiology should be considered when medical treatment failed. This article reports a 49-year-old woman of solitary duodenal lymphangiectasia, who presented with epigastralgia and anemia. Her symptoms persisted with medical *** was finally performed to relieve the symptoms and to exclude the existence of underlying etiologies, with satisfactory effect. In conclusion, duodenal lymphangiectasia can present clinically as epigastralgia and chronic blood loss. Surgical resection may be resorted to relieve pain,control bleeding, and exclude underlying diseases in some patients.

关键词：十二指肠淋巴管扩张外科治疗十二指肠切除术临床症状病例报告

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从工业革命(工业1.0)到外科4.0

中华消化外科杂志 2020年第9期19卷 919-924页

作者：刘允怡林伟棋杨重光中华人民共和国香港特别行政区新界沙田香港中文大学医学院

外科1.0到外科4.0这一类名词均源自“工业4.0”。2011年德国汉诺威工业博览会提出工业4.0。18世纪工业革命起源于英国,其工业发展有4个重要阶段,分别被称为工业1.0、工业2.0、工业3.0和工业4.0,每个发展阶段均有重要科学发明和应用推广... 详细信息

外科1.0到外科4.0这一类名词均源自“工业4.0”。2011年德国汉诺威工业博览会提出工业4.0。18世纪工业革命起源于英国,其工业发展有4个重要阶段,分别被称为工业1.0、工业2.0、工业3.0和工业4.0,每个发展阶段均有重要科学发明和应用推广。基于工业发展的4个阶段,2018年Hooshair A首先提出外科发展从外科1.0到外科4.0的概念,与工业发展一致。虽然两者发展时间不同,但均以重大科学发现为基础。21世纪初标志着进入外科4.0,5个重要的科学成果包括大数据、人工智能、自动化、现代机器人、5G通讯,推动外科4.0的发展。20年间各环节发展均十分迅速,每个环节的发展均带动另一环节的需求,环环相扣,呈现一个急速向上发展的良性循环。笔者预测:外科4.0仍会迅速再发展,从环环相扣式发展变为不同环节融合发展和整体科技融合发展,进而到达外科5.0。在外科4.0起步时期预测外科5.0将会来临貌似具有野心,但笔者肯定这是科学发展的必然趋势,外科5.0不但会到临,还会在不远的将来到临。

关键词：工业革命工业4.0 外科4.0 外科5.0 科学发展

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Rectal arterio-portal fistula: An unusual cause of persistent bleeding per rectum following a proximal spleno-renal shunt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第25期19卷 4087-4090页

作者： Hao Yun Yap Ser yee Lee Yaw Fui Alexander chung Kiang Hiong Tay Albert Su-Chong Low Choon Hua Thng Krishnakumar Madhavan Department of General Surgery Singapore General Hospital Department of Surgical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Diagnostic Radiology Singapore General Hospital Department of Oncologic Imaging National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of General Surgery National University Hospital Singapore

Gastrointestinal arterio-venous malformations are a known cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. We present a rare case of persistent rectal bleeding due to a rectal arterio-portal venous fistula in the setting of portal hypertension secondary to portal vein thrombosis. The portal hypertension was initially surgically treated with splenectomy and a proximal splenorenal shunt. However, rectal bleeding persisted even after surgery, presenting us with a diagnostic dilemma. The patient was re-evaluated with a computed tomography mesenteric angiogram which revealed a rectal arterio-portal fistula. Arterio-portal fistulas are a known but rare cause of portal hypertension, and possibly the underlying cause of continued rectal bleeding in this case. This was successfully treated using angiographic localizationand super-selective embolization of the rectal arterioportal venous fistula via the right internal iliac artery. The patient subsequently went on to have a full term pregnancy. Through this case report, we hope to high-light awareness of this unusual condition, discuss the diagnostic workup and our management approach.

关键词： Portal hypertension Esophageal varices Splenorenal shunt Arteriovenous malformations Portal vein thrombosis

彩色分类金相学—利用扫描电子显微镜或电子探针配合彩色滤光片制成“彩色复合照片”以研究材料的显微结构的一种方法

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华南工学院学报 1980年第1期 105-110页

作者：余仲奎

彩色分类金相学是不同于一般的彩色金相学,不能用光学显微镜进行观察而只能用特殊的设备如扫描电镜或电子探针将试样的结构特征先拍成黑一白底片,然后配合原色滤光片,并指定某一原色来代表某一相或特征,再依次翻拍在同一张彩色底片上以... 详细信息

彩色分类金相学是不同于一般的彩色金相学,不能用光学显微镜进行观察而只能用特殊的设备如扫描电镜或电子探针将试样的结构特征先拍成黑一白底片,然后配合原色滤光片,并指定某一原色来代表某一相或特征,再依次翻拍在同一张彩色底片上以制成一张“彩色复合照片”。单从这一张照片就能够看到试样所反映出的所有信息。本文列举两个典型例子来说明这种彩色分类金相的操作方法和应用,同时在所举的例子中还列出一种叫做“电压对比方法”用以控制半导体器件或集成电路的质量。本篇报导的目的,希望引起读者对这一较新的发展的注意及在国内开展这方面的工作。

关键词：滤光片底片代表照片扫描电镜金相学显微结构电子探针电子光学仪器