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Association between smoking,pancreatic insulin secretion and insulin resistance in Chinese subjects with or without glucose intolerance

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第24期120卷 2233-2237页

作者： KO Gary Tin-Choi TONG Peter Chun-Yip SO Wing-yee COCKRAM Clive S. CHAN Juliana chung-Ngor Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity Hong Kong China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin N.T. Hong KongChina

Background There are studies suggesting smoking may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Effects of smoking on insulin secretion and insulin resistance （IR） are, however, controversial. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Since there were very few smokers among Hong Kong Chinese women, only men （n=-1068） were analyzed in this report. Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose and insulin were measured. Insulinogenic index as well as beta-cell function and IR based on homeostatic model assessment （HOMA） by computer model （HOMA Calculator v2.2） were calculated. Results Of the 1068 men, 147 had newly diagnosed diabetes, 131 newly diagnosed impaired glucose tolerance （IGT） and 790 were non-diabetic normal controls. Smokers had similar fasting and 2-hour insulin levels, insulinogenic index and HOMA derived beta-cell function as compared to non-smokers in the groups with diabetes, IGT or normal oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT）. IR was also similar between smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers in those with normal OGTT. In men with IGT or diabetes, after adjustment for age and body mass index, smokers were more insulin resistant as compared to non-smokers （IR, IGT： 1.59±1.07 vs 1.03±0.54, P〈0.05; diabetes： 1.96±1.36 vs 1.06±0.45, P〈0.01）. With Logistic regression analysis, comparing smokers and non-smokers, IR was independently associated with smoking （odds ratio （95% C/）, IGT： 2.23 （1.05, 4.71）; diabetes： 3.92 （1.22, 12.58））. None of the other insulin parameters enter into the model among those with normal OGTT or comparing ex-smokers and non-smoker or smokers and ex-smokers. Conclusions In Chinese men, smoking did not show any direct association with insulin levels and pancreatic insulin secretion. Smoking men with IGT or diabetes appeared more insulin resistant than their non-smoking counterparts.

关键词： smoking diabetes mellitus insulin Chinese

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我国肝癌诊断与治疗是否已到达外科4.0

中华消化外科杂志 2021年第1期20卷 35-39页

作者：刘允怡杨重光中华人民共和国香港特别行政区新界沙田香港中文大学医学院

探讨我国外科医师诊断与治疗原发性肝细胞癌(以下简称肝癌)是否已到达外科4.0。外科4.0是Hooshair A于2018年提出,主要是描述基于不同时期科学发现和应用推动外科发展的4个阶段:外科1.0(18―20世纪,外科科学期);外科2.0(1950―1980年,... 详细信息

探讨我国外科医师诊断与治疗原发性肝细胞癌(以下简称肝癌)是否已到达外科4.0。外科4.0是Hooshair A于2018年提出,主要是描述基于不同时期科学发现和应用推动外科发展的4个阶段:外科1.0(18―20世纪,外科科学期);外科2.0(1950―1980年,超大型手术和器官移植期);外科3.0(1980年至21世纪初,微创外科普及期)和外科4.0(21世纪初至今,数字外科期)。在医疗卫生领域中,数字科学的应用带来翻天覆地的改变。外科4.0主要是由大数据、人工智能、自动化、现代机器人和5G通讯五大科学推动,目前在外科领域初探成功,但在肝癌的诊断与治疗领域中,尚有很大发展空间。

关键词：肝肿瘤外科4.0 数字医学数字科学治疗

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Risk factors for tuberculosis after gastrectomy in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第8期22卷 2585-2591页

作者： Won Jai Jung Young Mok Park Joo Han Song Kyung Soo chung Song yee Kim Eun Young Kim Ji Ye Jung Moo Suk Park Young Sam Kim Se Kyu Kim Joon Chang Sung Hoon Noh Ji Yeong An Young Ae Kang Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Korea University College of Medicine Division of Pulmonology Department of Internal Medicine Severance Hospital Institute of Chest Diseases Yonsei University College of Medicine Department of Surgery Yonsei University College of Medicine

AIM: To examine incidence of tuberculosis(TB) in gastrectomy patients and investigate the risk factors for developing TB after gastrectomy in patients with gastric ***: A retrospective cohort study of gastrectomy patients with gastric cancer was performed at a university-affiliated hospital in Seoul, South Korea between January 2007 and December 2009. We reviewed patient medical records and collected data associated with the risk of TB, surgery, and gastric cancer. Standardized incidence ratios(SIRs) of TB were calculated to compare the incidence of TB in gastrectomy patients with that in the general Korean population, and risk factors for TB after gastrectomies were ***: Among the 1776 gastrectomy patients, 0.9%(16/1776) developed post-gastrectomy TB, with an incidence of 223.7 cases per 100000 patients per year. The overall incidence of TB in gastrectomy patients, adjusted by sex and age, was significantly higher thanthat in the general population(SIR = 2.22, 95%CI: 1.27-3.60). Previous TB infection [odds ratio(OR) = 7.1, P < 0.001], lower body mass index(BMI)(kg/m2; OR = 1.21, P = 0.043) and gastrectomy extent(total gastrectomy vs subtotal gastrectomy)(OR = 3.48, P = 0.017) were significant risk factors for TB after gastrectomy in a multivariate ***: TB incidence after gastrectomy is higher than that in the general population. Previous TB infection, lower BMI, and total gastrectomy are risk factors for TB after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gastrectomy Body mass index Risk factor Gastric cancer

Does Topical Agent Help Fracture Healing? A Pilot Study Using a Herbal Patch

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2015年第2期3卷 35-39页

作者： Lung-Fung Tse Hi-Shan Cheng Chi-Yin Tso Yuk-Wah Hung Leung-Kim Hung Jing-Zhou Chen Xue-Lin Zhou Chak-Hei Fung Ellie Suet-yee Pang King-Fai Cheng Chun-kwok Wong Ping-chung Leung Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Institute of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

To observe the safety and effectiveness of a topical herbal agent used to promote fracture healing, a herbal patch containing extracts of three herbs, viz., Flos Carthami, Radix Dipsaci, Rhizoma Rhei and Borneolum Syntheticum (an enhancer) was applied on ten subjects with un-displaced fifth metatarsal fractures. Pain scores, foot and ankle function questionnaires and regional swelling were carefully assessed and recorded. Peripheral blood was taken to measure the inflammation cytokines. Assessment checks were performed biweekly to enforce effective patch application and compliance. The results showed that pain improved after two weeks and fracture sites swelling had 20% reduction in thickness when measured with an ultrasonic tool. Foot and ankle functional scores markedly improved after six weeks. Radiological examinations revealed early perfect fracture unions. The topical herbal patch was effective in promoting fracture healing. It was well tolerated by the fracture patients. Larger randomized controlled trials would be indicated.

关键词： Fracture Traditional Chinese Medicine Topical Agent Herbal Treatment

Surgical resection of duodenal lymphangiectasia: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第12期9卷 2880-2882页

作者： Chih-Ping Chen yee Chao chung-Pin Li Wen-Ching Lo Chew-Wun Wu Shyh-Haw Tsay Rheun-Chuan Lee Full-Young Chang Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical MedicineNational Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Cancer Center Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of General Surgery Department of SurgeryTaipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Pathology Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina

Intestinal lymphangiectasia, characterized by dilatation of intestinal lacteals, is rare. The major treatment for primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is dietary modification. Surgery to relieve symptoms and to clarify the etiology should be considered when medical treatment failed. This article reports a 49-year-old woman of solitary duodenal lymphangiectasia, who presented with epigastralgia and anemia. Her symptoms persisted with medical *** was finally performed to relieve the symptoms and to exclude the existence of underlying etiologies, with satisfactory effect. In conclusion, duodenal lymphangiectasia can present clinically as epigastralgia and chronic blood loss. Surgical resection may be resorted to relieve pain,control bleeding, and exclude underlying diseases in some patients.

关键词：十二指肠淋巴管扩张外科治疗十二指肠切除术临床症状病例报告

Aldose reductase deletion protects the retina in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity

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Aldose reductase deletion protects the retina in a mouse mod...

Establishment and characterization of a new cell line derived from human colorectal laterally spreading tumor

中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： Suk-yee LI Sookja K.chung David WONG Amy Cheuk-Yin.LO Eye Institute Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong Research Center of Heart BrainHormone and Healthy AgingLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong

＜正＞Objective Retinopathy of prematurity（ROP） is a common retinal disease that occurs in premature babies with an initial phase of vessel loss followed by a second phase of vessel *** has been found to be related to oxidative ***,dysfunction of the neural retina,including both photoreceptor and post-receptor,has also been documented in infants and children with ROP and in the rat ***,we showed that genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of aldose reductase（AR）,a rate limiting enzyme in the polyol pathway,prevented retinal ganglion cell loss and oxidative ***,we aim to assess the effect of aldose reductase deletion in the pathogenesis of retinal injury induced by hyperoxia on a cellular basis using a mouse model of *** Seven-day-old pups were exposed to 75%oxygen for five days and then returned to room air environment for several *** pathological changes in retinal vessel architecture and neuronal responses after hyperoxia exposure were examined and compared between wild-type and AR-deficient *** The central retinal vaso-obliterated area induced by hyperoxia is（64.3±1.4%） in wild-type and（57.9±1.1%） in AR-deficient mice（mean SEM,P=0.003,n=9-11）.In addition,the thickness of central inner nuclear layer and entire inner plexiform layer was significantly reduced immediately after hyperoxia exposure in the wild-type mice,but not in AR-deficient mice（P＜0.05,n=9-13）.There was absence of calretinin staining for amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer and seriously distorted strata in the inner plexiform layer of the retina in wild-type but not ARdeficient mice after hyperpoxia ***,increased intense GFAP staining indicating M（u|¨）ller cell processes in the central-middle area of the retina was observed in the ROP model of wild-type but not AR-deficient *** Taken together,these observations suggest that the deficiency of aldose reductase may play a protective role in the n

关键词： oxidative stress aldose reductase retinopathy of prematurity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第8期14卷 1204-1211页

作者： Xin-Ying Wang Zhou-Sheng Lai chung-Man Yeung Ji-De Wang Wen Deng Hoi yee Li Yu-Jing Han Hsiang-Fu Kung Bo Jiang Marie Chia-mi Lin Department of Gastroenterology Nanfang HospitalNanfang Medical University Tong He Guangzhou 510520Guangdong Province China Departmentof Chemistry the University of Hong Kong Pokfulam RoadHong Kong China Department of Anatomy the University of HongKong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases the Chinese Universityof Hong Kong Hong Kong China

AIM:To study the molecular mechanism of laterally spreading tumor (LST), a cell line [Laterally Spreading Tumor-Rectum 1 (LST-R1)] was derived and the characteristics of this cell line were investigated. METHODS:A new cell line (LST-R1) originated from laterally spreading tumor was established. Properties of the cell line were characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry method, cytogenetic analysis and nude mice xenograft experiments. In vitro invasion assay, cDNA microarray and Western blotting were used to compare the difference between the LST-R1 and other colorectal cancer cell lines derived from prudent colon cancer. RESULTS:Our study demonstrated that both epithelial special antigen (ESA) and cytokeratin-20 (CK20) were expressed in LST-R1. The cells presented microvilli and tight junction with large nuclei. The karyotypic analysis showed hyperdiploid features with structural chromosome aberrations. The in vivo tumorigenicity was also demonstrated in nude mice xenograft experiments. The invasion assay suggested this cell line has a higher invasive ability. cDNA microarray and Western blotting show the loss of the expression of E-cadherin in LST-R1 ***:We established and characterized a colorectal cancer cell line, LST-R1 and LST-R1 has an obvious malignant tendency, which maybe partially attributed to the changes of the expression of some adhesion molecules, such as E-cadherin. It is also a versatile tool for exploring the original and progressive mechanisms of laterally spreading tumor and the early colon cancer genesis.

关键词： LST-R1 Cell line Invasion E-cadherin

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从工业革命(工业1.0)到外科4.0

中华消化外科杂志 2020年第9期19卷 919-924页

作者：刘允怡林伟棋杨重光中华人民共和国香港特别行政区新界沙田香港中文大学医学院

外科1.0到外科4.0这一类名词均源自“工业4.0”。2011年德国汉诺威工业博览会提出工业4.0。18世纪工业革命起源于英国,其工业发展有4个重要阶段,分别被称为工业1.0、工业2.0、工业3.0和工业4.0,每个发展阶段均有重要科学发明和应用推广... 详细信息

外科1.0到外科4.0这一类名词均源自“工业4.0”。2011年德国汉诺威工业博览会提出工业4.0。18世纪工业革命起源于英国,其工业发展有4个重要阶段,分别被称为工业1.0、工业2.0、工业3.0和工业4.0,每个发展阶段均有重要科学发明和应用推广。基于工业发展的4个阶段,2018年Hooshair A首先提出外科发展从外科1.0到外科4.0的概念,与工业发展一致。虽然两者发展时间不同,但均以重大科学发现为基础。21世纪初标志着进入外科4.0,5个重要的科学成果包括大数据、人工智能、自动化、现代机器人、5G通讯,推动外科4.0的发展。20年间各环节发展均十分迅速,每个环节的发展均带动另一环节的需求,环环相扣,呈现一个急速向上发展的良性循环。笔者预测:外科4.0仍会迅速再发展,从环环相扣式发展变为不同环节融合发展和整体科技融合发展,进而到达外科5.0。在外科4.0起步时期预测外科5.0将会来临貌似具有野心,但笔者肯定这是科学发展的必然趋势,外科5.0不但会到临,还会在不远的将来到临。

关键词：工业革命工业4.0 外科4.0 外科5.0 科学发展

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彩色分类金相学—利用扫描电子显微镜或电子探针配合彩色滤光片制成“彩色复合照片”以研究材料的显微结构的一种方法

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华南工学院学报 1980年第1期 105-110页

作者：余仲奎

彩色分类金相学是不同于一般的彩色金相学,不能用光学显微镜进行观察而只能用特殊的设备如扫描电镜或电子探针将试样的结构特征先拍成黑一白底片,然后配合原色滤光片,并指定某一原色来代表某一相或特征,再依次翻拍在同一张彩色底片上以... 详细信息

彩色分类金相学是不同于一般的彩色金相学,不能用光学显微镜进行观察而只能用特殊的设备如扫描电镜或电子探针将试样的结构特征先拍成黑一白底片,然后配合原色滤光片,并指定某一原色来代表某一相或特征,再依次翻拍在同一张彩色底片上以制成一张“彩色复合照片”。单从这一张照片就能够看到试样所反映出的所有信息。本文列举两个典型例子来说明这种彩色分类金相的操作方法和应用,同时在所举的例子中还列出一种叫做“电压对比方法”用以控制半导体器件或集成电路的质量。本篇报导的目的,希望引起读者对这一较新的发展的注意及在国内开展这方面的工作。

关键词：滤光片底片代表照片扫描电镜金相学显微结构电子探针电子光学仪器