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Risk of lymph node metastasis in mixed-type early gastric cancer determined by the extent of the poorly differentiated component

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第15期22卷 4020-4026页

作者： chung-su hwang Sangjeong Ahn Bong-Eun Lee So-Jeong Lee Ahrong Kim Chang In Choi Dae Hwan Kim Tae-Yong Jeon Gwang Ha Kim Geum Am Song Do Youn Park Department of Pathology Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital Internal medicine Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine surgery Pusan National University Hospital

AIM: To predict the rate of lymph node(LN) metastasis in diffuse- and mixed-type early gastric cancers(EGC) for guidelines of the ***: We reviewed 550 cases of EGC withdiffuse- and mixed-type histology. We investigated the clinicopathological factors and histopathological components that influence the probability of LN metastasis, including sex, age, site, gross type, presence of ulceration, tumour size, depth of invasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and LN metastasis status. We reviewed all slides and estimated the proportions of each tumour component; pure diffuse type, mixed-predominantly diffuse type(diffuse > intestinal type), mixed-predominantly intestinal type(intestinal > diffuse type), and mixed diffuse = intestinal type. We calculated the extents of the respective ***: LN metastasis was observed in 12.9%(71/550) of early gastric cancers cases [15/288 mucosal EGCs(5.2%) and 56/262 submucosal EGCs(21.4%)]. Of 550 cases, 302 were diffuse-type and 248 were mixed-type EGCs. Of 248 mixed-type EGCs, 163 were mixed-predominantly diffuse type, 82 were mixed-predominantly intestinal type, and 3 were mixed diffuse = intestinal type. Mixed-type cases with predominantly diffuse type histology showed a higher frequency of LN metastasis(20.2%) than cases of pure diffuse type(9.3%) and predominantly intestinal type(12.2%) histology. We measured the dimensions of each component(intestinal and diffuse type) to determine the association of the extent of each component with LN metastasis in mixed-type gastric carcinoma. The total tumour size and the extent of poorly differentiated components was associated with LN metastasis, while that of signet ring cell components was ***: We recommend careful identification and quantitative evaluation of mixed-type early gastric cancer components after endoscopic resection to determine the intensity of the treatment.

关键词： Lymph nodes Metastasis Gastric cancer Histology Endoscopic gastrointestinal surgery

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Experimental Investigation of Aerodynamic Performance due to Blade Tip Clearance in a Gas Turbine Rotor Cascade

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第1期31卷 173-178页

作者： chung Jinmoo BAEK Seungchan hwang Wontae Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Machines and Design Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Institute of Engineering Research Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

This study examines how the complex flow structure within a gas turbine rotor affects aerodynamic loss. An unshrouded linear turbine cascade was built, and velocity and pressure fields were measured using a 5-hole probe. In order to elucidate the effect of tip clearance, the overall aerodynamic loss was evaluated by varying the tip clearance and examining the total pressure field for each case. The tip clearance was varied from 0% to 4.2% of blade span and the chord length based Reynolds number was fixed at 2×10^(5). For the case without tip clearance, a wake downstream of the blade trailing edge is observed, along with hub and tip passage vortices. These flow structures result in profile loss at the center of the blade span, and passage vortex related losses towards the hub and tip. As the tip clearance increases, a tip leakage vortex is formed, and it becomes stronger and eventually alters the tip passage vortex. Because of the interference of the secondary tip leakage flow with the main flow, the streamwise velocity decreases while the total pressure loss increases significantly by tenfold in the last 30% blade span region towards the tip for the 4.2% tip clearance case. It was additionally observed that the overall aerodynamic loss increases linearly with tip clearance.

关键词： gas turbine turbine cascade aerodynamic loss tip clearance tip leakage

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Review on Tidal Energy Technologies and Research subjects

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第1期34卷 137-150页

作者： Chul Hee JO su Jin hwang Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Inha University

Tidal current power is one of the promising and reliable renewable energies with the advantage of continuous and predictable resource. It can make stable electricity regardless of weather conditions or seasons all year around. The required technologies for tidal current power in the ocean have been developed for years and now recognized that it could be commercialized after intensive field tests and successful demonstrations. There are several tidal farm development projects in the world, such as the MeyGen project in UK with its commercialization at hand. However, various research subjects in the tidal current energy field are seeking improvements and industrialization of tidal current power in terms of economy and technical reliability. This paper introduces the resource assessment procedure of tidal energy that has been applied in Korea coastal regions. The key research subjects for tidal current power together with the interaction effect of multi-arrangement is described. Also, this paper is to introduce the research output of each subject such as turbine design, experimental validation, turbine interaction and wake, multi-array module, FSI (fluid-structure interaction), and duct application.

关键词： tidal current power resource assessment turbine design experimental validation turbine interaction multi arrangement FSI(fluid-structure interaction)

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Enhancing polyphenol extraction from unripe apples by carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第12期10卷 912-919页

作者： In-Wook hwang Shin-Kyo chung Department of Food Science and Technology Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 Korea

The effects of process variables such as enzyme types, enzyme ratio, reaction temperature, pH, time, and ethanol concentration on the extraction of unripe apple polyphenol were investigated. The results indicated that Viscozyme L had the strongest effect on polyphenols extraction and was selected to study the polyphenol composition. The ratio of enzyme （Viscozyme L） to sobstrate （2 fungal beta-glucanase units （FBG）） at 0.02, reaction at pH 3.7, 50℃ for 12 h, and ethanol concentration of 70% were chosen as the most favorable extraction condition. Total phenolic content （TPC）, reducing sugar content （RSC）, and extraction yield increased by about 3, 1.5, and 2 times, respectively, compared with control. The contents ofp-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid increased to 8, 4, and 32 times, respectively. The enzyme-aided polyphenol extraction process from unripe apples might be applied to food industry for enhancing bioactive compound production.

关键词： Carbohvdrate-hvdrolvzim enzvmes. Unrioe aonles. Polvnhenol extraction. Caffeic acid

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Effects of heavy rainfall on the composition of airborne bacterial communities

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 117-126页

作者： Gwang Il Jang chung Yeon hwang Byung Cheol Cho Microbial Oceanography Laboratory School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Research Institute of Oceanography Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Division of Polar Life Sciences Korea Polar Research Institute Incheon 21990 Republic of Korea

Wet deposition scavenges particles and particle-associated bacteria from the air column, but the impact of raindrops on various surfaces on Earth causes emission of surface-associated bacteria into the air column. Thus, after rainfall, these two mechanisms are expected to cause changes in airborne bacterial community composition （BCC）. In this study, aerosol samples were collected at a suburban site in Seoul, Korea before and after three heavy rainfall events in April, May, and July 2011. BCC was investigated by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene in aerosol samples. Interestingly, the relative abundance of non-spore forming Actinobacteria operational taxonomic units （OTUs） was always higher in post-rain aerosol samples. In particular, the absolute and relative abundances of airborne Propionibacteriaceae always increased after rainfall, whereas those of airborne Firmicutes, including Carnobacteriaceae and Clostridiales, consistently decreased. Marine bacterial sequences, which were temporally important in aerosol samples, also decreased after rainfall events. Further, increases in pathogen-like sequences were often observed in post-rain air samples. Rainfall events seemed to affect airborne BCCs by the combined action of the two mechanisms, with potentially adverse effects on human and plant health.

关键词： Aerosol BacteriaCommunity composition PyrosequencingRain

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Graph Construction Method for GNN-Based Multivariate Time-Series Forecasting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5817-5836页

作者： Wonyong chung Jaeuk Moon Dongjun Kim Eenjun hwang School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul02841Korea

Multivariate time-series forecasting(MTSF)plays an important role in diverse real-world *** achieve better accuracy in MTSF,time-series patterns in each variable and interrelationship patterns between variables should be considered ***,graph neural networks(GNNs)has gained much attention as they can learn both patterns using a *** accurate forecasting through GNN,a well-defined graph is ***,existing GNNs have limitations in reflecting the spectral similarity and time delay between nodes,and consider all nodes with the same weight when constructing *** this paper,we propose a novel graph construction method that solves aforementioned *** first calculate the Fourier transform-based spectral similarity and then update this similarity to reflect the time ***,we weight each node according to the number of edge connections to get the final graph and utilize it to train the GNN *** experiments on various datasets,we demonstrated that the proposed method enhanced the performance of GNN-based MTSF models,and the proposed forecasting model achieve of up to 18.1%predictive performance improvement over the state-of-the-art model.

关键词： Deep learning graph neural network multivariate time-series forecasting

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Ischemic colitis due to obstruction of mesenteric and splenic veins: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第14期14卷 2272-2276页

作者： Seong-su hwang Woo-Chul chung Kang-Moon Lee Hyun-Jin Kim Chang-Nyol Paik Jin-Mo Yang Department of Radiology St. Vincent Hospital the Catholic University Suwon-si Gyeonggi-do 442-723 Korea Department of Internal Medicine St. Vincent Hospital the Catholic University Suwon-si Gyeonggi-do 442-723 Korea

Ischemic injury to the bowel is a well known disease entity that has a wide spectrum of pathological and clinical findings. A sudden drop in the colonic blood supply is essential to its development. We encountered a 41-year-old male patient, who presented with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. A colonoscopy showed markedly edematous mucosa with tortuous dilatation of the veins and a deep ulceration at the rectosigmoid junction. On an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and CT angiography, the mesenteric and splenic veins were absent with numerous venous collaterals for drainage. The patient gradually responded to oral aminosalicylate therapy, and was in remission after nine months. In most cases, non-occlusive ischemic injury is caused by idiopathic form and occlusive ischemia is caused by abnormalities of arteries and acute venous thrombosis. However, chronic venous insufficiency due to obstruction of macrovascular mesenteric vein rarely causes ischemia of the bowel. This report describes the first case of ischemic colitis caused by obstruction of the mesenteric and splenic veins.

关键词： Ischemic colitis Mesenteric vein Splenic vein

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Rapidly growing primary anal canal lymphoma:a case report and literature review

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 582-584页

作者： Yu Kyung chung su Bum Park Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyPusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsanRepublic of Korea

Introduction Anal cancer is a rare cancer accounting for2%of all gastrointestinal tract malignancies[1].Among anal cancers,squamous cell cancer(SCC)is the most common and lymphoma is one of the least *** gastrointestinal tract is the most common site for extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma(NHL),and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is the most common histologic ***,primary colorectal lymphoma accounts for only 0.3%of all large intestinal malignancies and3%of all gastrointestinal lymphomas[2].Anal canal SCC and lymphomas are treated differently;thus,accurate diagnosis is crucial.

关键词： lymphoma gastrointestinal diagnosis

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CONCAVE BIOLOGICAL suRFACES FOR STRONG WET ADHESION

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2009年第6期22卷 593-604页

作者： Yewang su Baohua Ji Yonggang Huang Kehchih hwang Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Applied Mechanics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

Plant leaves, insects and geckos are masters of adhesion or anti-adhesion by smartly designed refined surface structures with micro- and nano- ＇technologies＇. Understanding the basic principles in the design of the unique surface structures is of great importance in the manufacture or synthesis of micro- and nano- devices in MEMS or NEMS. This study is right inspired by this effort, focusing on the mechanics of wet adhesion between fibers having concave tips and a flat substrate via capillary forces. We show that the concave surface can effectively enhance the wet adhesion by reducing the effective contact angle of the fiber, firmly pinning the liquid bridge at its circumferential edge. A critical contact angle is identified below which the adhesion strength can achieve its maximum, being insensitive to the contact angle between the fiber and liquid. The analytical expression for the critical angle is derived. Then a tentative design for the profile of concave surfaces is proposed, considering the effects of chamfering size, deformation and buckling, etc. The effect of liquid volume on the wet adhesion of multiple-fiber system is also discussed.

关键词： biological surface wet adhesion contact shape concave surface robustness ad- hesion force

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UFC-Net with Fully-Connected Layers and Hadamard Identity Skip Connection for Image Inpainting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3447-3463页

作者： chung-Il Kim Jehyeok Rew Yongjang Cho Eenjun hwang Korea Electronics Technology Institute Seongnam13488Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul02841Korea

Image inpainting is an interesting technique in computer vision and artificial intelligence for plausibly filling in blank areas of an image by referring to their surrounding *** its performance has been improved significantly using diverse convolutional neural network(CNN)-based models,these models have difficulty filling in some erased areas due to the kernel size of the *** the kernel size is too narrow for the blank area,the models cannot consider the entire surrounding area,only partial areas or none at *** issue leads to typical problems of inpainting,such as pixel reconstruction failure and unintended *** alleviate this,in this paper,we propose a novel inpainting model called UFC-net that reinforces two components in *** first component is the latent networks in the middle of U-net to consider the entire surrounding *** second component is the Hadamard identity skip connection to improve the attention of the inpainting model on the blank areas and reduce computational *** performed extensive comparisons with other inpainting models using the Places2 dataset to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed *** report some of the results.

关键词： Image processing computer vision image inpainting image restoration generative adversarial nets

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