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个人所得税改革与劳动供给:基于调整成本与收益的研究

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世界经济 2024年第4期47卷 184-211页

作者：王春超冯大威张志鑫暨南大学经济学院江西财经大学应用经济学院(数字经济学院) 330013

本文分析2011和2018年两次个人所得税改革对中国劳动供给的影响,探讨了劳动者调整成本与收益对个体劳动行为决策的作用。研究发现:首先,2011年个税改革提高了个体劳动供给,其劳动激励效果在不同性别、年龄及受教育程度群体间具有显著异... 详细信息

本文分析2011和2018年两次个人所得税改革对中国劳动供给的影响,探讨了劳动者调整成本与收益对个体劳动行为决策的作用。研究发现:首先,2011年个税改革提高了个体劳动供给,其劳动激励效果在不同性别、年龄及受教育程度群体间具有显著异质性,调整成本因群体不同也各有差异;其次,调整成本会削弱劳动者对改革的行为反应;最后,2018年个税改革的调整成本对劳动者的影响较2011年进一步扩大。本文建议政府在推行个人所得税改革时,需全面准确考虑劳动者的调整成本和收益,优化税收与就业政策,持续释放劳动力供给潜力。

关键词：个人所得税改革劳动供给调整成本群聚分析法

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大麦芒型突变基因cal-d的遗传定位

植物遗传资源学报 2024年第3期25卷 413-420页

作者：赵雪芳张仁旭高爱农张京王春超中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家作物种质库北京100081

芒是麦类作物穂部器官的重要组成部分,在提高籽粒产量、促进种子传播和防御虫害等方面具有重要作用。大麦具有丰富的芒型突变体,加之其二倍体的特性,成为麦类作物芒器官形态建成研究的理想作物。本研究报道了一个大麦芒型突变体材料calc... 详细信息

芒是麦类作物穂部器官的重要组成部分,在提高籽粒产量、促进种子传播和防御虫害等方面具有重要作用。大麦具有丰富的芒型突变体,加之其二倍体的特性,成为麦类作物芒器官形态建成研究的理想作物。本研究报道了一个大麦芒型突变体材料calcaroides,表现为外稃顶端或是稃芒基部异形凸起,形成呈钩状不完全花器结构,属基部钩芒类型。突变体芒较短并伴随抽穗期推迟,株高、穗长和穗粒数显著降低等表型。遗传分析表明,突变体的芒型突变性状受单隐性基因cal-d控制。前期利用cal-d导入系BW106×Bowman的F_(2)群体,结合简化基因组测序(GBS,genotyping by sequencing)分析,将cal-d基因初步定位于3H染色体。进一步利用来自F_(2)的杂合单株,包括13000株单株的F_(2:3)群体进行精细定位,最终将cal-d基因定位于3H染色体153~329 Mb区间的近着丝粒区域。通过转录组混池测序分析结合大麦基因组和表达谱资源数据库,初步筛选了9个候选基因。本研究结果为大麦芒型突变基因cal-d的克隆与功能验证奠定了基础,对于解析麦类作物芒的遗传发育机制具有重要的意义。

关键词：大麦 cal-d 基因定位芒穗发育

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Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pathotypes prevalent in South China

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 498-507页

作者： Jialing Lu Quanlin Li chunchao wang Mingming wang Dan Zeng Fan Zhang Wenxue Zhai Yongli Zhou National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Bacterial blight(BB), which is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo), is an important rice disease responsible for significant yield losses. In the rice-growing regions of South China where BB outbreaks are common, the resistance of cultivars with BB resistance genes Xa4 and Xa21 has been lost because of rapid changes in the Xoo population structure and virulence. In this study, 421 diverse rice accessions were evaluated regarding their resistance to two Xoo strains, namely GD1358(C5) and IV, which are prevalent pathotypes in South China and overcame the resistance of Xa4 and Xa21, respectively. Using the 4.8 mio filtered SNP dataset, we conducted a genome-wide association study, which identified 13 loci associated with BB resistance, including eight new quantitative trait loci(QTL) and five QTL harboring known BB resistance genes: Xa3/Xa26, xa5, Xa35(t), Xa36(t), Xa40, Xa43(t), and xa44(t). Intriguingly, a steep peak was detected on chromosomes 5 and 11. Six QTL including three new ones, were distributed on chromosome 11, whereas a new QTL q BB5.1 and a known QTL were detected on chromosome 5. Haplotype analyses indicated that the LOC;s05 g01610(Os PRAF2) gene within the q BB5.1 region, which encodes a PRAF protein, is associated with BB resistance. Furthermore, Os PRAF2 knockout lines generated using the CRISPR-Cpf1 system were significantly more resistant to Xoo strains than the wild-type plants. Our results provide researchers and breeders with useful information regarding QTL and gene resources,which may be relevant for developing new BB-resistant rice cultivars.

关键词： Rice Bacterial blight Genome-wide association study CRISPR-Cpf1

灯盏生脉胶囊联合伊伐布雷定治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床研究

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现代药物与临床 2024年第7期39卷 1773-1779页

作者：包红黄善慧李爽王纯超吴天红杨多华上海市浦东医院呼吸与危重症医学科浦东新区康桥社区卫生服务中心全科门诊

目的探究灯盏生脉胶囊联合伊伐布雷定治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法选取2020年6月—2022年6月上海市浦东医院收治的200例慢性心力衰竭患者，按单双号将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各100例。对照组于进餐时口服盐酸伊伐布雷... 详细信息

目的探究灯盏生脉胶囊联合伊伐布雷定治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法选取2020年6月—2022年6月上海市浦东医院收治的200例慢性心力衰竭患者，按单双号将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各100例。对照组于进餐时口服盐酸伊伐布雷定片，5 mg/次，2次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上口服灯盏生脉胶囊，2粒/次，3次/d。两组均持续治疗2个月。观察两组的临床疗效、临床症状得分、NYHA心功能分级、心肌重塑指标水平、血清学及血清炎症指标、明尼苏达生活质量（LiHFe）评分及6分钟步行试验（6MWT）。结果治疗后，治疗组总有效率是94.00%，显著高于对照组的85.00%(P<0.05)。治疗后，治疗组患者临床症状得分、NYHA分级得分、左室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）和左室收缩末期内径（LVESd）水平均显著低于同组治疗前（P<0.05）；且治疗后，治疗组临床症状得分、心功能、心肌重塑指标显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组全血高切黏度（HBV）、全血低切黏度（LBV）、血浆黏度（PV）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）明显降低，而氧合指数（p O2/FiO2）明显升高（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组HBV、LBV、PV、FIB低于对照组，p O2/FiO2明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组高灵敏度肌钙蛋白（hs-cTnT）、氨基端前心钠肽（NT-proBNP）、血清脑钠肽（BNP）水平均较同组治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）；且治疗后，治疗组血清学指标低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)均较同组治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）；且治疗后，治疗组炎症指标水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组组患者LiHFe评分均显著降低，而6MWT显著增加（P<0.05）；且治疗后，治疗组LiHFe评分低于对照组，6MWT高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论灯盏生脉胶囊联合伊伐布雷定治疗慢性心力衰竭有良好的效果，不仅能促进心肌重塑，改善心肌能量代谢，并且改善血流动力学、流变学、血清学指标，并且能够降低机体炎症水平，降低LiHFe评分，增加6MWT距离。

关键词：灯盏生脉胶囊盐酸伊伐布雷定片慢性心力衰竭临床症状得分 NYHA分级得分左室舒张末期内径左室收缩末期内径高灵敏度肌钙蛋白氨基端前心钠肽

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What Role Does the Political Environment Play in Economic Development？ --A Case Study of Fujian Province

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2012年第4期7卷 544-559页

作者： Jingwen Yu chunchao wang School of Economics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Department of Economics Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China

Uncertainty induced by the political environment affects investment risk, and thus affects investment decisions, which have a close relationship with economic development. This paper investigates the economic cost of political instability using the case study of the tense relationship across-Strait in China. We use a synthetic control method to better model the counterfactual analysis of this case study. The intense situation of the relations across-Strait has great influence on the economic development of Fujian province. Fujian province is the closest province in proximity to Taiwan and also possesses the greatest preferential policies for Taiwan Residents direct investment. The empirical results of this study reveal that during 2001-2008 Fujian province＇s average annual loss in GDP per capita was 682.54 yuan. In other words, GDP per capita in Fujian has declined about 12.1 percent annually during this period compared with GDP per capita as calculated by the synthetic control method.

关键词： political environment economic development synthetic controlmethod cross-straits relations

Comparative microRNA profiling reveals microRNAs involved in rice resistant response to bacterial blight

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 834-842页

作者： Jialing Lu chunchao wang Fan Zhang Dan Zeng Yongli Zhou National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081China

Bacterial blight(BB), which is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo), is one of the most destructive bacterial diseases of rice(Oryza sativa L.). During plant defense responses, micro RNAs(mi RNAs) play important roles in regulating disease resistance. However, the functions of mi RNAs in the interaction between rice and Xoo remain relatively uncharacterized. In this study, we compared the mi RNA profiles of the BB resistant rice introgression line F329 and its susceptible recurrent parent Huang-Hua-Zhan(HHZ) at multiple time points after inoculation with Xoo. A total of 538 known and 312 novel mi RNAs were identified, among which only 17 and 26 were responsive to Xoo infection in F329 and HHZ, respectively. Compared with the expression levels in HHZ, 37 up-regulated and 53 down-regulated mi RNAs were detected in F329. The predicted target genes for the mi RNAs differentially expressed between F329 and HHZ were revealed to be associated with flavonoid synthesis, the reactive oxygen species regulatory pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, defense responses, and growth and ***, the patterns of interactions between osa-mi R390-3 p, novel_mi R_104, novel_mi R_238,osa-mi R166 k-5 p, osa-mi R529 b, and osa-mi R167 h-3 p and their target genes were further validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, we overexpressed osa-mi R167 h-3 p in transgenic plants and proved that this mi RNA positively regulates the resistance of rice to BB. These results provide novel information regarding the mi RNA-based molecular mechanisms underlying the disease resistance of rice. The data presented herein may be useful for engineering rice BB resistance via mi RNAs.

关键词： Rice Bacterial blight miRNA profiling osa-miR167h-3p

Protective mechanism of Coprinus comatus polysaccharide on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice,the metabolomics and gut microbiota investigation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 401-413页

作者： Jinyan Yu Jianguang Sun Min Sun Weidong Li Dongmei Qi Yongqing Zhang chunchao Han School of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Hepatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355China Experimental center Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China

Coprinus comatus polysaccharide(CCP)has significant hepatoprotective *** explore hepatoprotective mechanism of CCP,the study analyzed preventive effect of CCP on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice by histopathological examination and biochemical ***,hepatoprotective mechanism was also analyzed in conjunction with metabolomics and proliferation of gut *** results showed that CCP significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and triglyceride(TG)levels in serum of alcoholic liver disease(ALD)*** examination showed that CCP can significantly improve liver *** results showed that there were significant differences in the level of metabolites in liver tissue of control group,ALD group and CCP group,including taurine,xanthosine,fumaric acid and arachidonic acid,among *** pathways analysis showed that hepatoprotective effect of CCP was related to energy metabolism,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,amino acids metabolism and lipid ***,CCP inhibited an increase in the number of Clostridium perfringens,Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus,and a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut of ALD *** these findings suggested that CCP treatment reversed the phenotype of ethanol-induced liver injury and the associated metabolites pathways.

关键词： Coprinus comatus Polysaccharide Alcoholic liver disease Metabolomics Gut microbiota

Stress-Activated Protein Kinase OsSAPK7 Regulates Salt- Stress Tolerance by Modulating Diverse Stress-Defensive Responses in Rice

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Rice science 2021年第6期28卷 547-556页

作者： ZENG Dan wang chunchao XIE Junpin ZHANG Fan LU Jialing SHI Xiaorong SHI Yingyao ZHOU Yongli Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility far Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China

Soil salinity is an environmental threat limiting rice *** of salinity tolerance genes and exploitation of their mechanisms in plants are vital for crop *** this study,the function of stress-activated protein kinase 7(OsSAPK7),a SnRK2 family member,was characterized in response to salt stress in *** with variety 9804,OsSAPK7-overexpression plants had a greater survival rate,increased chlorophyll and proline contents,and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities at the seedling stage under salt-stress conditio ns,as well as decreased sodium potassium ratio(Na+/K+)and malondialdehyde *** salt stress,the OsSAPK7 knockout plants had lower survival rates,in creased Na^K*ratios and malomdiadehyde contents,and decreased physiological parameters compared with *** changes in transgenic lines suggested that OsSAPK7 increased the salt tolerance of rice by modulating ion homeostasis,redox reactions and *** results of RNA-Seq indicated that genes involved in redox-dependent signaling pathway,photosynthesis and zeatin synthesis pathways were significantly down-regulated in the OsSAPK7 knockout line compared with 9804 un der salt-stress conditio n,which con firmed that OsSAPK7 positively regulated salt tolera nee by modulating diverse stress-defe nsive resp on ses in *** findings provided novel in sights for the genetic improvement of rice and for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of salt-stress toleranee.

关键词： rice OsSAPK7 salt stress tolerance survival rate

The landscape of gene-CDS-haplotype diversity in rice:Properties,population organization,footprints of domestication and breeding,and implications for genetic improvement

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Molecular Plant 2021年第5期14卷 787-804页

作者： Fan Zhang chunchao wang Min Li Yanru Cui Yingyao Shi Zhichao Wu Zhiqiang Hu Wensheng wang Jianlong Xu Zhikang Li nstitute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081.China College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui230036China College of Agronomy Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei071001China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518120China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA

Polymorphisms within gene coding regions represent the most important part of the overall genetic diversity of *** characterized the gene-coding sequence-haplotype(gcHap)diversity of 45963 rice genes in 3010 rice *** an average of 226±390 gcHaps per gene in rice populations,rice genes could be classified into three main categories:12865 conserved genes,10254 subspecific differentiating genes,and 22844 remaining *** found that 39218 rice genes carry>255179 major gcHaps of potential functional ***(87.5%)of the detected gcHaps were specific to subspecies or *** inferred proto-ancestors of local landrace populations reconstructed from conserved predominant(ancient)gcHaps correlated strongly with wild rice accessions from the same geographic regions,supporting a multiorigin(domestication)model of Oryza *** breeding efforts generally increased the gcHap diversity of modern varieties and'caused significant frequency shifts in predominant gcHaps of 14266 genes due to independent selection in the two *** frequencies of“favorable”gcHaps at most known genes related to rice yield in modern varieties suggest huge potential for rice improvement by mining and pyramiding of favorable *** gcHap data were demonstrated to have greater power than SNPs for the detection of causal genes that affect complex *** rice gcHap diversity dataset generated in this study would facilitate rice basic research and improvement in the future.

关键词： gene-CDS-haplotype diversity functional alleles genome-wide selection signals evolution