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油菜播种机除尘式播量监测系统设计与试验

智慧农业（中英文） 2024年第3期6卷 107-117页

作者：李强余秋丽李浩鹏徐春保丁幼春华中农业大学工学院湖北武汉430070 农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室湖北武汉430070

[目的/意义]针对气送式油菜直播机作业过程中粉尘影响种子流检测性能、监测系统难以适应不同幅宽播种行数等问题,设计了一种油菜播种机除尘式播量监测系统。[方法]该监测系统由除尘式油菜种子流检测装置与播量监测终端构成,可通过改变... 详细信息

[目的/意义]针对气送式油菜直播机作业过程中粉尘影响种子流检测性能、监测系统难以适应不同幅宽播种行数等问题,设计了一种油菜播种机除尘式播量监测系统。[方法]该监测系统由除尘式油菜种子流检测装置与播量监测终端构成,可通过改变检测装置数量适配不同幅宽播种机。根据粉尘影响种子流检测结构机制,设计了防尘除尘机构。该机构通过透明防尘板将光电感应器件与导种管隔开,粉尘只附着在透明防尘板靠近导种管一侧,同时利用步进电机-丝杆机构使透明防尘板与除尘布产生相互摩擦实现对透明防尘板除尘。通过分析与试验确定透明防尘板尺寸、除尘启动阈值等关键参数。[结果和讨论]检测装置对比台架试验表明,在平均排种频率12.4~36.3 Hz、平均粉尘流量252~386 mg/s下,无防尘除尘检测装置在两个除尘周期后检测准确率不高于80.2%;有防尘除尘检测装置在单个除尘周期内平均检测准确率不低于93.6%,检测装置不会将粉尘误计。播量监测台架试验表明,在平均排种频率不高于37.6 Hz时,播量监测准确率不低于92.2%。田间播种试验表明,在2.8~4.6 km/h的油菜直播机正常作业速度下,田间排种频率为14.8~31.1 Hz时,播量监测准确率不低于93.1%。[结论]该油菜播量监测系统为气送式油菜直播机作业中粉尘影响下种子流精准检测提供了有效支持,提高了对不同宽幅播种行数的适应性。

关键词：油菜种子流检测播种除尘监测系统精准计数

A Brief Overview of Low CO_2 Emission Technologies forIron and Steel Making

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第3期17卷 1-7页

作者： chunbao (Charles) xu CANG Da-qiang Department of Chemical Engineering Lakehead'.University Ontario P7B 5El Canada School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083 China

The global steel production has been growing for the last 50 years, from 200 Mt in 1950s to 1 240 Mt in 2006. Iron and steel making industry is one of the most energy-intensive industries, with an annual energy consumption of about 24 EJ, 5% of the world＇s total energy consumption. The steel industry accounts for 3%-4% of totat world greenhouse gas emissions. Enhancing energy efficiency and employing energy saving/recovering technologies such as coke dry quechning （CDQ） and top pressure recovery turbine （TRT） can be short-term approaches to the steel industry to reduce greenhouse gas emission. The long-term approaches to achieving a significant reduction in CO2 emissions from the steel industry would be through developing and applying CO2 breakthrough technologies for iron and steel making, and：through increasing use of renewable energy for iron and steel making. Thus, an overview of new CO2 breakthrough technologies for iron and steel making was made.

关键词： greenhouse gas emission CO2 reduction technology ironmaking steelrnaking

Hydrometallurgical detoxification and recycling of electric arc furnace dust

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第11期30卷 2076-2094页

作者： Yang xue Xiaoming Liu chunbao(Charles)xu Yonghui Han State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Chemical&Biochemical Engineering Western UniversityLondonON N6A 5B9Canada Hebei Technology Innovation Centre of Solid Wastes Utilization Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050091China

Electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)is a hazardous waste but can also be a potential secondary resource for valuable metals,such as Zn and *** the increased awareness of carbon emission reduction,energy conservation,and environmental protection,hydrometallurgical technologies for the detoxification and resource use of EAFD have been developing *** work summarizes the generation mechanisms,compositions,and characteristics of EAFD and presents a critical review of various hydrometallurgical treatment methods for EAFD,e.g.,acid leaching,alkaline leaching,salt leaching,and pretreatment–enhanced leaching ***,the phase transformation mechanisms of zinc-containing components in acid and alkali solutions and pretreatment processes are ***,two novel combined methods,i.e.,oxygen pressure sulfuric acid leaching combined with composite catalyst preparation,and synergistic roasting of EAFD and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash combined with alkaline leaching,are proposed,which can provide future development directions to completely recycling EAFD by recovering valuable metals and using zinc residue.

关键词： hazardous waste recycling separation zinc hydrometallurgical technologies

Enhanced photocatalytic performance of iron oxides@HTCC fabricated from zinc extraction tailings for methylene blue degradation:Investigation of the photocatalytic mechanism

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第12期30卷 2364-2374页

作者： Yang xue Xiaoming Liu Na Zhang Yang Shao chunbao(Charles)xu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Department of Chemical&Biochemical Engineering Western UniversityLondonON N6A 5B9Canada

Photocatalytic processes are efficient methods to solve water contamination problems,especially considering dyeing wastewater ***,high-efficiency photocatalysts are usually very expensive and have the risk of heavy metal ***,an iron oxides@hydrothermal carbonation carbon(HTCC)heterogeneous catalyst was prepared by our group through co-hydrothermal treatment of carbohydrates and zinc extraction tailings of converter ***,the catalytic performance of the iron oxides@HTCC was verified by a nonbiodegradable dye,methylene blue(MB),and the catalytic mechanism was deduced from theoretical simulations and spectroscopic *** iron oxides@HTCC showed an excellent synergy between photocatalysis and Fenton-like *** visible-light illumination,the iron oxides@HTCC could be excited to generate electrons and holes,reacting with H_(2)O_(2)to produce·OH radicals to oxidize and decompose organic *** removal efficiency of methylene blue over iron oxides@HTCC at 140 min was 2.86 times that of *** enhanced catalytic performance was attributed to the advantages of iron oxides modification:(1)promoting the excitation induced by photons;(2)improving the charge ***,the iron oxides@HTCC showed high catalytic activity in a wide pH value range of 2.3-10.4,and the MB removal efficiency remained higher than 95% after the iron oxides@HTCC was recycled 4 *** magnetically recyclable iron oxides@HTCC may provide a solution for the treatment of wastewater from the textile industry.

关键词： photocatalysis photo-Fenton reaction methylene blue degradation tailings utilization

Roles of Bioenergy and Green Hydrogen in Large Scale Energy Storage for Carbon Neutrality

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Engineering 2023年第10期29卷 32-34页

作者： chunbao xu School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

*** of biomass and bioenergy in solar energy storage Biomass comprises plant-based material,for example,wood,microalgae,energy crops,and agro-forestry residues,as well as organic waste from industries,farms,and househ... 详细信息

关键词： crops energy Storage

Electrospun porous carbon nanofibers derived from bio-based phenolic resins as free-standing electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第5期17卷 504-515页

作者： Yongsheng Zhang Xiaomeng Yang Jinpan Bao Hang Qian Dong Sui Jianshe Wang chunbao Charles xu Yanfang Huang School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Western UniversityLondonN6A 3K7Canada

Phenolic resins were employed to prepare electrospun porous carbon nanofibers with a high specific surface area as free-standing electrodes for high-performance ***,the sustainable development of conventional phenolic resin has been challenged by petroleum-based phenol and *** with abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups is the main non-petroleum resource that can provide renewable aromatic ***,lignin,phenol,and furfural were used to synthesize bio-based phenolic resins,and the activated carbon nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning and one-step carbonization *** transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the structural and thermal *** results reveal that the apparent activation energy of the curing reaction is 89.21 kJ·mol–1 and the reaction order is *** activated carbon nanofibers show a uniform diameter,specific surface area up to 1100 m^(2)·g^(-1),and total pore volume of 0.62 cm^(3)·g^(-1).The electrode demonstrates a specific capacitance of 238 F·g^(-1)(0.1 A·g^(-1))and good rate *** symmetric supercapacitor yields a high energy density of 26.39 W·h·kg^(-1)at 100 W·kg^(-1)and an excellent capacitance retention of 98%after 10000 *** results confirm that the activated carbon nanofiber from bio-based phenolic resins can be applied as electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.

关键词： lignin bio-based phenolic resins electrospinning activated carbon nanofibers supercapacitors

Restraining NO_x Formation during Coal Combustion in Packed Bed

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1998年第2期12卷 70-74页

作者： Shengli Wu chunbao xu Qiushuang Shou Daqiang Cang Metallurgy School, UST Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Metallurgy School UST Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The effects of various combustion conditions (i. e. particle size of coals, oxygen concentration in combustion gas and coal content in the fuel bed, etc.), on reducing conversion of NO_x during coal combustion were studied. Under the present combustion conditions, coals with smaller particle size gave the lower conversion of NO_x, and as expected that an decrease in overall stoichiometric ratio, whether by an decrease in O_2 content in combustion gas or by an increase in coal content in fuel bed would lead to a lower conversion of NO_x. In order to investigate the effect of metallic oxide layers on restraining NO_x formation, the combustion experiments for coal granules with adhering layer of various metallic oxides including Fe_2O_3, Ni_2O_3 and mixed oxides Fe-Ni-O_x were conducted in a packed bed combustor. The combustion experiments have shown that most of adhering materials gave considerable effect on reduction of NO_x emission during coal combustion.

关键词： coal combustion NO_x formation restraining metallic oxide

NO_x Formation from Several Chinese Coals during Combustion in Packed Bed

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1998年第2期12卷 65-69页

作者： Shengli Wu chunbao xu Qiushuang Shou Daqiang Cang Metallurgy School, UST Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Metallurgy School UST Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The formation characteristics of NO_x during combustion of four typical Chinese coals have been studied in a packed bed combustor. The studies included the effects of chemical composition of coals and volatile matters, and combustion conditions, i.e. preheating temperatures of combustion gas, on conversion of NO_x during combustion. In term of the combustion experiments, there is a close relation between coal composition and conversions of NO_x. Coals with a higher nitrogen content give a lower F_(NO_x)~0, and coals with a higher volatile content give a lower F_(NO_x)~0. The further devolatilization experiments showed that volatile matters in the coal have an important effect on reducing conversion of coal-nitrogen to NO_x. It was interpreted as that the release of volatile matters during combustion caused a fuel-rich circumstance in the vicinity of coal particles which may restrain the formation of NO_x. Preheating temperatures of combustion gas has significant effects on conversions of NO_x and there exist a critical preheating temperature. At such temperature, lower F_(NO_x)~0 can be reached.

关键词： coal combustion packed bed NO_x formation

EFFECTS OF GAS TYPE AND TEMPERATURE ON FINE PARTICLE FLUIDIZATION

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China Particuology 2006年第3期4卷 114-121页

作者： chunbao xu J.-X. Zhu Department of Chemical Engineering Lakehead University Thunder Bay Ontario P7B 5E1 Canada powder Technology Research Centre Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B9 Canada

The influence of gas type （helium and argon） and bed temperature （77-473 K） on the fluidization behaviour of Geldart groups C and A particles was investigated. For both types of particles tested, i.e., Al2O3 （4.8μm） and glass beads （39 μm）, the fluidization quality in different gases shows the following priority sequence： Ar 〉 He. In the same gaseous atmosphere, the particles when fluidized at an elevated temperature usually show larger bed voidages, higher bed pressure drops, and a lower Umf for the group A powder, all indicating an enhancement in fluidization quality. Possible mechanisms governing the operations of gas type and temperature in influencing the fluidization behaviours of fine particles have been discussed with respect to the changes in both gas properties and interparticle forces （on the basis of the London-van der Waals theory）. Gas viscosity （varying significantly with gas-type and temperature） proves to be the key parameter that influences the bed pressure drops and Umf in fluidization of fine particles, while the interparticle forces （also varying with gas-type and temperature） may play an important role in fine-particle fluidization by affecting the expansion behaviour of the particle-bed.

关键词： fluidization fine particles gas type temperature interparticle forces