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Impact of preoperative carbohydrate loading on gastric volume in patients with type 2 diabetes

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第18期10卷 6082-6090页

作者： Xin-Qiang Lin Yu-Ren Chen xiao Chen Yu-Ping Cai Jian-Xin Lin De-Ming Xu xiao-chun zheng Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Putian CollegePutian Maternity and Child Care HospitalPutian 351100Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Putian CollegePutian 351100Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Shenli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery advocates that consuming carbohydrates two hours before anesthesia is beneficial to the patient’s *** with diabetes are prone to delayed gastric *** guidelines for preoperative carbohydrate consumption in patients with diabetes remain controversial due to concerns about the risk of regurgitation,aspiration and *** gastric volume(GV)assessment and blood glucose monitoring can comprehensively evaluate the safety and feasibility of preoperative carbohydrate intake in type 2 diabetes(T2 D)*** To evaluate the impact of preoperative carbohydrate loading on GV before anesthesia induction in T2 D *** Patients with T2 D receiving surgery under general anesthesia from December 2019 to December 2020 were included.A total of 78 patients were randomly allocated to 4 groups receiving 0,100,200,or 300 m L of carbohydrate loading 2 h before anesthesia *** volume per unit weight(GV/W),Perlas grade,changes in blood glucose level,and risk of reflux and aspiration were evaluated before anesthesia *** No significant difference was found in GV/W among the groups before anesthesia induction(P>0.05).The number of patients with Perlas grade II and GV/W>1.5 m L/kg did not differ among the groups(P>0.05).Blood glucose level increased by>2 mmol/L in patients receiving 300 m L carbohydrate drink,which was significantly higher than that in groups 1 and 2(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Preoperative carbohydrate loading<300 m L 2 h before induction of anesthesia in patients with T2 D did not affect GV or increase the risk of reflux and *** glucose levels did not change significantly with preoperative carbohydrate loading of<200 m ***,300 m L carbohydrate loading may increase blood glucose levels in patients with T2 D before induction of anesthesia.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Preoperative Carbohydrate loading Gastric volume Ultrasound assessment Hyperglycemia

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PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON THE MISCIBILITY OF ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE (iPP) AND SYNDIOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE (sPP) BLENDS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2006年第6期24卷 569-573页

作者： chun-xiao zheng Xiu-qin Zhang Joerg Rottstegge Xia Dong Ying Zhao Du-jin Wang Shan-nong Zhu Zhi-gang Wang Charles C. Han Duan-fu Xu Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beo＇ing 100080 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Experimental miscibility studies were performed on different compositions of iPP/sPP blends, where sPP has a low syndiotacticity （[rrrr] = 81%）. Combining optical microscopy, rheology, and solid state NMR spectroscopy, the miscibility of the blends was investigated at different scales in the traditionally thought to be ＂immiscible＂ iPP/sPP blends. For the composition of iPP/sPP （90/10） blend, it shows to be miscible in the melt, and furthermore, the existence of intermolecular chain interactions between sPP and iPP components was detected in the solid state.

关键词： iPP/sPP blends Miscibility Optical microscopy Rheology Solid state NMR spectroscopy.

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Purification and Partial Characterization of β-Glucosidase from Fresh Leaves of Tea Plants(Camellia sinensis(L.)***)

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2005年第6期37卷 7-7页

作者： Ye-Yun LI Chang-Jun JIANG xiao-chun WAN zheng-Zhu ZHANG Da-Xiang LI Key Lahoratory of Tea Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Ministry of Education. Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China KeyLaboratoryofTeaBiochemistryandBiotechnology MinistryofEducationAnhuiAgriculturalUniversityHefei230036Chi

β-Glucosidases are important in the formation of floral tea aroma and the development ofresistance to pathogens and herbivores in tea plants.A novel β-glucosidase was purified 117-fold to homogeneity,with a yield of 1.26%.from tea leaves by chilled acetone and ammonium sulfate precipitation,ion exchangechromatography(CM-Sephadex C-50)and fast protein liquid chromatography(FPLC;Superdex 75,ResourceS).The enzyme was a monomeric protein with specific activity of 2.57 U/*** molecular mass of theenzyme was estimated to be about 41 kDa and 34 kDa by SDS-PAGE and FPLC gel filtration on Superdex200,*** enzyme showed optimum activity at 50℃ and was stable at temperatures lower than40℃.It was active between pH 4.0 and pH 7.0,with an optimum activity at pH 5.5,and was fairly stablefrom pH 4.5 to pH *** enzyme showed maximum activity towards pNPG,low activity towardspNP-Galacto,and no activity towards pNP-Xylo.

关键词： Camellia sinensis β-glucosidase purification characterization

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Spontaneous Orientation Polarization of Anisotropic Equivalent Dipoles Harnessed by Entropy Engineering for Ultra‑Thin Electromagnetic Wave Absorber

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 424-438页

作者： Honghan Wang Xinyu xiao Shangru Zhai Chuang Xue Guangping zheng Deqing Zhang Renchao Che Junye Cheng Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic BiorefinerySchool of Light Industry and Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034People’s Republic of China School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Qiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science Shenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 517182People’s Republic of China

The synthesis of carbon supporter/nanoscale high-entropy alloys(HEAs)electromagnetic response composites by carbothermal shock method has been identified as an advanced strategy for the collaborative competition engineering of conductive/dielectric *** migration modes within HEAs as manipulated by the electronegativity,valence electron configurations and molar proportions of constituent elements determine the steady state and efficiency of equivalent ***,enlightened by skin-like effect,a reformative carbothermal shock method using carbonized cellulose paper(CCP)as carbon supporter is used to preserve the oxygencontaining functional groups(O·)of carbonized cellulose fibers(CCF).Nucleation of HEAs and construction of emblematic shell-core CCF/HEAs heterointerfaces are inextricably linked to carbon metabolism induced by O·.Meanwhile,the electron migration mode of switchable electronrich sites promotes the orientation polarization of anisotropic equivalent *** virtue of the reinforcement strategy,CCP/HEAs composite prepared by 35%molar ratio of Mn element(CCP/HEAs-Mn_(2.15))achieves efficient electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption of−51.35 dB at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.03 *** mechanisms of the resulting dielectric properties of HEAs-based EMW absorbing materials are elucidated by combining theoretical calculations with experimental characterizations,which provide theoretical bases and feasible strategies for the simulation and practical application of electromagnetic functional devices(e.g.,ultra-wideband bandpass filter).

关键词： High-entropy alloys Carbothermal shock Switchable electron migration modes Emblematic shell-core heterointerfaces Ultra-thin thickness

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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:PERK as a potential target for intervention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1455-1466页

作者： Ju zheng Yixin Li Ting Zhang Yanlin Fu Peiyan Long xiao Gao zhengwei Wang Zhizhong Guan xiaolan Qi Wei Hong Yan xiao Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases Ministry of Education&Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou ProvinceGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Histology and Embryology Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina

Several studies have shown that activation of unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress plays a crucial role in severe cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** occurs within hours after cerebral ischemia,but the relationship between ER stress and autophagy remains *** this study,we established experimental models using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in PC12 cells and primary neurons to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** found that prolongation of oxygen-glucose deprivation activated the ER stress pathway protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha(e IF2α)-activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)-C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP),increased neuronal apoptosis,and induced ***,inhibition of ER stress using inhibitors or by si RNA knockdown of the PERK gene significantly attenuated excessive autophagy and neuronal apoptosis,indicating an interaction between autophagy and ER stress and suggesting PERK as an essential target for regulating *** autophagy with chloroquine exacerbated ER stress-induced apoptosis,indicating that normal levels of autophagy play a protective role in neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** from this study indicate that cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury can trigger neuronal ER stress and promote autophagy,and suggest that PERK is a possible target for inhibiting excessive autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： apoptosis ATF4 autophagy C/EBP homologous protein cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury eIF2α endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK

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Passive activity enhances residual control ability in patients with complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2337-2347页

作者： Yanqing xiao Mingming Gao Zejia He Jia zheng Hongming Bai Jia-Sheng Rao Guiyun Song Wei Song xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Evaluation China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijingChina Cardiac Center Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina The State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Engineering China Rehabilitation Science InstituteBeijingChina

Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury ***,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface *** this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord *** patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were *** electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity *** results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of *** the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically *** findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.

关键词： complete spinal cord injury cycle training epidural electrical stimulation motor training passive activity physiological state spinal cord circuit surface electromyography volitional control task

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Increased Endogenous Sulfur Dioxide Involved in the Pathogenesis of Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Children： A Case-Control Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第4期131卷 435-439页

作者： Hong-Xia Li xiao-chun zheng Si-Yao Chen Ying Liao Zhen-Hui Han Pan Huang Chu-Fan Sun Jia Liu Jing-Yuan Song Chao-Shu Tang Jun-Bao Du Yong-Hong Chen Hong-Fang Jin Department of Pediatrics Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China Department of Cardiac Surgery Guangdong General Hospital Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China Department of Intensive Care Kaifeng Children's Hospital Kaifeng Henan 475000 China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Peking University Health Science Center and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Ministry of Education Beijing 100191 China

Background： The pathogenesis of postural tachycardia syndrome （POTS） remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the changes and significance of sulfur dioxide （SO2） in patients with POTS. Methods： The study included 31 children with POTS and 27 healthy children from Peking University First Hospital between December 2013 and October 2015. A detailed medical history, physical examination results, and demographic characteristics were collected. Hemodynamics was recorded and the plasma SO2was determined. Results： The plasma SO2was significantly higher in POTS children compared to healthy children （64.0 ± 20.8 μmol/L vs. 27.2 ± 9.6 μmol/L, respectively, P 〈 0.05）. The symptom scores in POTS were positively correlated with plasma SO2levels （r = 0.398, P 〈 0.05）. In all the study participants, the maximum heart rate （HR） was positively correlated with plasma levels of SO2（r = 0.679, P 〈 0.01）. The change in systolic blood pressure from the supine to upright （ΔSBP） in POTS group was smaller than that in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. The ΔSBP was negatively correlated with baseline plasma SO2levels in all participants （r = ？0.28, P 〈 0.05）. In the control group, ΔSBP was positively correlated with the plasma levels of SO2（r = 0.487, P 〈 0.01）. The change in HR from the supine to upright in POTS was obvious compared to that of the control group. The area under curve was 0.967 （95% confidence interval： 0.928–1.000）, and the cutoff value of plasma SO2level 〉38.17 μmol/L yielded a sensitivity of 90.3% and a specificity of 92.6% for predicting the diagnosis of POTS. Conclusions： Increased endogenous SO2levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of POTS.

关键词： Blood Pressure Children: Pathogenesis Postural Tachycardia Syndrome Sulfur Dioxide

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Unveiling an ancient whole-genome duplication event in Stentor,the model unicellular eukaryotes

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Weibo zheng Chao Li Zhaorui Zhou xiao Chen Michael Lynch Ying Yan School of Life Sciences Ludong University Key Laboratory of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity (Ministry of Education) and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution Arizona State University Marine College Shandong University

Whole-genome duplication(WGD) events are widespread across eukaryotes and have played a significant role in moulding the genetic architectures of diverse organisms. In the present study, the newly sequenced genome of a giant ciliated protist, Stentor roeselii, provides an opportunity for the analysis of the collinearity and retention of reciprocal best-hit genes between two Stentor species. As a main result, we have unveiled a previously undetected ancient WGD event shaping the genome of its congener, Stentor coeruleus, a model protist used in cytological and evolutionary studies. Genomes of two congeners, S. coeruleus and S. roeselii, are compared and analyzed, revealing that:(i)the former exhibits a much higher retention rate of colinear-gene pairs(28%) than does S. roeselii, and in S. coeruleus, 75% of genes that have a RBH hit in S. roeselii, have paralogs with high amino-acid identity, consistent with a WGD event in the lineage leading to S. coeruleus;(ii) the S. roeselii genome possesses extremely short intergenic regions, implying that the lengths of intergenic regions are under strong selection;(iii) the unique characteristics of introns may have been shaped in the common ancestor of heterotrichs;(iv) gene families that play a role in activities of multiple protein kinases and voltage-gated ion channels expanded rapidly in the ancestor of both taxa, possibly relating to the remarkable regenerative ability in Stentor. This study offers new insights into the evolutionary dynamics of ciliate genomes,with implications for understanding of the processes underlying the evolution of genomic complexity.

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肝门阻断再灌注后脑皮层组织和血清S100β蛋白的差异性改变及意义

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世界华人消化杂志 2006年第31期14卷 3046-3049页

作者：郑晓春陈卫民盖成林中国医科大学附属盛京医院麻醉科中国人民解放军第230医院麻醉科辽宁省丹东市118001

目的:通过观察肝门阻断(hepaticportalocclusion,HPO)再灌注后脑损伤特异性标志物S100β蛋白在中枢和外周的变化趋势,研究HPO再灌注对中枢神经系统(CNS)的影响.方法:成年Wistar大鼠异氟烷(isoflurane)吸入麻醉后随机分成对照组(A组,n=8)... 详细信息

目的:通过观察肝门阻断(hepaticportalocclusion,HPO)再灌注后脑损伤特异性标志物S100β蛋白在中枢和外周的变化趋势,研究HPO再灌注对中枢神经系统(CNS)的影响.方法:成年Wistar大鼠异氟烷(isoflurane)吸入麻醉后随机分成对照组(A组,n=8):开腹但不阻断肝血流;全肝血流阻断组(B组,n=30):Pringle'法阻断门脉、肝动脉及胆总管,全肝缺血30min后恢复肝血供.再灌注后6,12和24h取材.血气分析测定门脉血pH值、[K+]和[Ca2+],ELISA比较组织和血清S100β蛋白水平.结果:HPO期间门静脉pH显著降低,[K+]升幅超过1倍,但开放后逐渐恢复;[Ca2+]于再灌注后持续下降至12h.和A组比较,B组皮层S100β蛋白含量再灌注12和24h时升高显著(12.04±3.29,14.81±8.04vs2.71±3.9,P0.05),再灌注后浓度超过0.2μg/L的例数显著高于A组.两种来源的S100β蛋白未见相关性.结论:HPO再灌注刺激皮层神经胶质细胞的保护反应,S100β蛋白表达显著增加,但表达过度可致脑损伤,这可能是肝移植病例术后出现神经精神改变的机制之一.

关键词：肝门阻断再灌注损伤 S100β蛋白脑损伤 Wistar大鼠

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基于HAAR小波的分级说话人辨识

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计算机工程与应用 2010年第11期46卷 122-124页

作者：范小春邱政权湖南科技大学信息与电气工程学院湖南湘潭411201

从线性预测(LP)残差信号中提出了一种新的特征提取方法,这种特征跟单个的说话人的声道密切相关。通过把HAAR小波变换运用于LP残差而获得了一个新的特征(HOCOR)。为了进一步提高系统的鲁棒性和辨识率,在采用分级说话人辨识的基础上,将基... 详细信息

从线性预测(LP)残差信号中提出了一种新的特征提取方法,这种特征跟单个的说话人的声道密切相关。通过把HAAR小波变换运用于LP残差而获得了一个新的特征(HOCOR)。为了进一步提高系统的鲁棒性和辨识率,在采用分级说话人辨识的基础上,将基音周期的高斯概率密度对GMM分类器的似然度进行加权,形成新的似然度进行说话人辨识。试验结果显示,所提出系统的鲁棒性和辨识率都有所提高。

关键词：线性预测残差 HAAR HOCOR 分级说话人辨识基音周期

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